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71.
Background
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been rising worldwide, including in China, but knowledge on specific genetic determinants of metabolic syndrome is very limited. A number of studies have reported that polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene are associated with metabolic syndrome in Chinese Han populations. However, data is still conflicting. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of the adiponectin genetic variants with metabolic syndrome by a case-control study and meta-analyses in Chinese.Methods
We first investigated the association of ADIPOQ rs2241766 (+45T>G in exon 2), rs266729 (−11377C>G in promoter) and rs1501299 (+276G>T in intron 2) polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome in a Hubei Han Chinese population with 322 metabolic syndrome patients and 161 normal controls recruited from the Yichang, Hubei. Then we comprehensively reviewed the association between ADIPOQ rs2241766/rs266729/rs1501299 and metabolic syndrome in the Chinese populations via a meta-analysis. The strength of association was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results
The G allele frequency of rs2241766 in metabolic syndrome patients was significantly higher than those of controls group (29.8% vs 23.3%, OR = 1.40, P = 0.033). The logistic regression analysis adjusted by gender and age showed a nominally significant association for rs2241766 GG+GT genotype (P = 0.065, OR = 1.55) and rs1501299 GG genotype in recessive model (OR = 1.54, P = 0.066). However, no association was observed for rs266729 in our sample. We identified thirteen studies for rs2241766 (2,684 metabolic syndrome patients and 2,864 controls), three studies for rs266729, and eleven studies for rs1501299 (2,889 metabolic syndrome patients and 3,304 controls) in Chinese. Meta-analysis indicated significant associations for the rs2241766 G allele (OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.05–1.24, P = 0.003), rs266729 GG+GT genotypes (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.68–0.92, P = 0.003) and rs1501299 GG+TG genotypes (OR = 1.42, 95%CI 1.16–1.75, P = 0.001).Conclusions
Our results demonstrated ADIPOQ as a pleiotropic locus for metabolic syndrome and its components in the Han Chinese population. 相似文献72.
“雄茭”、灰茭形成规律的初步研究 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
茭白栽培过程中,常会出现“雄茭”和灰茭分蘖。根据对茭白的形态学观察,认识到:“雄茭”分蘖的产生是分蘖期母茎中茭白黑粉菌菌丝未能入侵新生分蘖腋芽而导致的结果;灰茭分蘖是因其菌丝的潜育期比正常茭短,故在苗端的膨大部分较早地产生了不同程度的黑粉孢子堆。 相似文献
73.
The Value of Artificial Stimuli in Behavioral Research: Making the Case for Egg Rejection Studies in Avian Brood Parasitism 下载免费PDF全文
Márk E. Hauber Lainga Tong Miklós Bán Rebecca Croston Tomáš Grim Geoffrey I. N. Waterhouse Matthew D. Shawkey Andrew B. Barron Csaba Moskát 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》2015,121(6):521-528
Experimentation is at the heart of classical and modern behavioral ecology research. The manipulation of natural cues allows us to establish causation between aspects of the environment, both internal and external to organisms, and their effects on animals' behaviors. In recognition systems research, including the quest to understand the coevolution of sensory cues and decision rules underlying the rejection of foreign eggs by hosts of avian brood parasites, artificial stimuli have been used extensively, but not without controversy. In response to repeated criticism about the value of artificial stimuli, we describe four potential benefits of using them in egg recognition research, two each at the proximate and ultimate levels of analysis: (1) the standardization of stimuli for developmental studies and (2) the disassociation of correlated traits of egg phenotypes used for sensory discrimination, as well as (3) the estimation of the strength of selection on parasitic egg mimicry and (4) the establishment of the evolved limits of sensory and cognitive plasticity. We also highlight constraints of the artificial stimulus approach and provide a specific test of whether responses to artificial cues can accurately predict responses to natural cues. Artificial stimuli have a general value in ethological research beyond research in brood parasitism and may be especially critical in field studies involving the manipulation of a single parameter, where other, confounding variables are difficult or impossible to control experimentally or statistically. 相似文献
74.
Multimeric BLM is dissociated upon ATP hydrolysis and functions as monomers in resolving DNA structures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ya-Nan Xu Nicolas Bazeille Xiu-Yan Ding Xi-Ming Lu Peng-Ye Wang Elisabeth Bugnard Virginie Grondin Shuo-Xing Dou Xu Guang Xi 《Nucleic acids research》2012,40(19):9802-9814
Bloom (BLM) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by an increased risk for many types of cancers. Previous studies have shown that BLM protein forms a hexameric ring structure, but its oligomeric form in DNA unwinding is still not well clarified. In this work, we have used dynamic light scattering and various stopped-flow assays to study the active form and kinetic mechanism of BLM in DNA unwinding. It was found that BLM multimers were dissociated upon ATP hydrolysis. Steady-state and single-turnover kinetic studies revealed that BLM helicase always unwound duplex DNA in the monomeric form under conditions of varying enzyme and ATP concentrations as well as 3′-ssDNA tail lengths, with no sign of oligomerization being discerned. Measurements of ATPase activity further indicated that BLM helicase might still function as monomers in resolving highly structured DNAs such as Holliday junctions and D-loops. These results shed new light on the underlying mechanism of BLM-mediated DNA unwinding and on the molecular and functional basis for the phenotype of heterozygous carriers of BLM syndrome. 相似文献
75.
Zhang LX Tong XJ Sun XH Tong L Gao J Jia H Li ZH 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2008,28(4):501-509
Objectives To observe the effect of ultrashortwave (USW) therapy on nerve regeneration after acellular nerve allografts(ANA) repairing
the sciatic nerve gap of rats and discuss its acting mechanisms. Methods Sixteen Wistar rats weighing 180–220 g were randomly divided into four groups with four rats in each group: normal control
group; acellular group (ANA, treated by hypotonic-chemical detergent, was applied for bridging a 10 mm-long sciatic nerve
defect); USW group (After 24 h of ANA repairing the sciatic nerve gap, low dose USW was administrated for 7 min, once a day,
20 times a course of treatment, three courses of treatment in all); and autografts group. 12 weeks after operation, a series
of examinations was performed, including electrophysiological methods, the restoring rate of tibialis anterior muscle wet
weight, histopathological observation (myelinated nerve number, myelin sheath thickness, and axon diameter), vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression of spinal cord, and muscle at injury site, and analyzed statistically. Results Compared to acellular nerve allografts alone, USW therapy can increase nerve conductive velocity, the restoring rate of tibialis
anterior muscle wet weight, myelinated nerve number, axon diameter, VEGF mRNA expression of spinal cord, and muscle at injury
site, the difference is significant. There were no differences between USW group and autografts group except myelin sheath
thickness. Conclusions USW therapy can promote nerve axon regeneration and Schwann cells proliferation after ANA repairing the sciatic nerve gap
of rats, the upregulation of VEGF mRNA expression of spinal cord and muscle may play an important role. 相似文献
76.
Marla Tipping Yoosik Kim Phillip Kyriakakis Mei Tong Stanislav Y Shvartsman Alexey Veraksa 《The EMBO journal》2010,29(19):3222-3235
β‐Arrestins have been implicated in the regulation of multiple signalling pathways. However, their role in organism development is not well understood. In this study, we report a new in vivo function of the Drosophila β‐arrestin Kurtz (Krz) in the regulation of two distinct developmental signalling modules: MAPK ERK and NF‐κB, which transmit signals from the activated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and the Toll receptor, respectively. Analysis of the expression of effectors and target genes of Toll and the RTK Torso in krz maternal mutants reveals that Krz limits the activity of both pathways in the early embryo. Protein interaction studies suggest a previously uncharacterized mechanism for ERK inhibition: Krz can directly bind and sequester an inactive form of ERK, thus preventing its activation by the upstream kinase, MEK. A simultaneous dysregulation of different signalling systems in krz mutants results in an abnormal patterning of the embryo and severe developmental defects. Our findings uncover a new in vivo function of β‐arrestins and present a new mechanism of ERK inhibition by the Drosophila β‐arrestin Krz. 相似文献
77.
The complete mitogenome of Haliotis iris, an economically important shellfish endemic to New Zealand, was sequenced for the first time. The mitogenome was 17,131?base pairs (bp) in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and a control region. All 13 genes were initiated by the start codon ATG, except for nad5 (ATA). Two typical stop codons, TAA and TAG, were present. All of the tRNAs could be folded into typical cloverleaf secondary structures except tRNASer1 and tRNALys, which lacked a DHU stem and complete amino acid acceptor stem, respectively. The control region was 1132?bp in length and contained six AT tandem repeats. According to the gene order of the mitogenome, the 30 analysed Vetigastropoda species could be classified into three types—type I: over half of the studied species were very similar to the gastropod ancestral gene order, and the rearrangements occurred in five tRNAs; type II: eight species were found to be missing several tRNA genes; type III: Fissurellidae, Lepetodrilidae showed a large inverted fragment. 相似文献
78.
Ding JH Xu X Yang D Chu PH Dalton ND Ye Z Yeakley JM Cheng H Xiao RP Ross J Chen J Fu XD 《The EMBO journal》2004,23(4):885-896
Many genetic diseases are caused by mutations in cis-acting splicing signals, but few are triggered by defective trans-acting splicing factors. Here we report that tissue-specific ablation of the splicing factor SC35 in the heart causes dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Although SC35 was deleted early in cardiogenesis by using the MLC-2v-Cre transgenic mouse, heart development appeared largely unaffected, with the DCM phenotype developing 3-5 weeks after birth and the mutant animals having a normal life span. This nonlethal phenotype allowed the identification of downregulated genes by microarray, one of which was the cardiac-specific ryanodine receptor 2. We showed that downregulation of this critical Ca2+ release channel preceded disease symptoms and that the mutant cardiomyocytes exhibited frequency-dependent excitation-contraction coupling defects. The implication of SC35 in heart disease agrees with a recently documented link of SC35 expression to heart failure and interference of splicing regulation during infection by myocarditis-causing viruses. These studies raise a new paradigm for the etiology of certain human heart diseases of genetic or environmental origin that may be triggered by dysfunction in RNA processing. 相似文献
79.
80.
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR5, but not TLR4, are required for Helicobacter pylori-induced NF-kappa B activation and chemokine expression by epithelial cells 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Smith MF Mitchell A Li G Ding S Fitzmaurice AM Ryan K Crowe S Goldberg JB 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2003,278(35):32552-32560