Healable Structure Triggered by Thermal/Electrochemical Force in Layered GeSe2 for High Performance Li‐Ion Batteries

The metal sulfide or selenides have attracted increasing attention for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries due to their unique layer structure flexibility, higher conductivity, and lower voltage polarization than metal oxides. However, low initial coulomb efficiency (ICE), serious structure destruction, and irreversible bonding chemistry are still big challenges for their practical application. Herein, layer GeSe₂ and its carbon composite are synthesized by high‐energy ball milling and it is surprisingly found that crystalline c‐GeSe₂ possesses higher reversible capacity and better rate performances than their amorphous counterparts. More specially, the broken Ge? Se bondings upon lithiation are also observed to regenerate after delithiation. These unusual phenomena are investigated by both experimental tools and theoretical calculations. Compared to other typical MX₂ (M = Mo, W, X = S, Se), the electronegativity of Ge is more close to selenium and the formation energy of Ge? Se bonding is much smaller. Thus, a mild driven force such as thermoheating at low temperature can recover the ordered layer structure, helping to heal the high conductivity and unimpeded Li diffusion pathways for crystalline GeSe₂. Similarly, electrochemical delithium force also triggers the rebuilding of Ge? Se bonding upon Li‐extraction, boosting GeSe₂/C with large capacity (1050 mA h g^?1), ultrahigh ICE (94%), and cycling stability.     

Genotype-Phenotype Relationship and Follow-up Analysis of a Chinese Cohort With Osteogenesis Imperfecta

ObjectiveTo evaluate the genotype-phenotype relationship and the effect of treatment on the clinical course of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).MethodsWe established a Chinese hospitalized cohort with OI and followed them up for an average of 6 years. All patients were confirmed as having OI using whole-exome sequencing. We analyzed the genotype-phenotype relationship based on different types, pathogenic mechanisms, and gene inheritance patterns of OI. Additionally, we assessed whether there was a difference in treatment efficacy based on genotype.ResultsOne hundred sixteen mutations in 6 pathogenic genes (COL1A1, COL1A2, IFITM5, SERPINF1, FKBP10, and WNT1) were identified in 116 patients with type I, III, IV, V, VI, XI, or XV OI. Compared with patients with COL1A1 mutations, patients with COL1A2 mutations were younger at the time of the first fracture, whereas other phenotypes were similar. When 3 groups (helical, haploinsufficiency, and non-collagen I gene mutations) were compared, patients with helical mutations were the shortest and most prone to dentinogenesis imperfecta. Patients with haploinsufficiency mutations were the oldest at the time of the first fracture. Moreover, patients with non-collagen I gene mutations were least susceptible to blue sclerae and had the highest fracture frequency. Furthermore, there were some minor phenotypic differences among non-collagen I gene mutations. Interestingly, pamidronate achieved excellent results in the treatment of patients with OI, and the treatment effect appeared to be unrelated to their genotypes.ConclusionOur findings indicated a genotype-phenotype relationship and a similar effect of pamidronate treatment in patients with OI, which could provide a basis for guiding clinical treatment and predicting OI prognosis.