Deficiency of DNA fragmentation factor 45 results in reduced oocyte apoptosis in response to doxorubicin

Dear Editor： Apoptosis plays a prominent role in ovarian development and function. During follicle development, the vast majority of follicles undergo atresia as a consequence of apoptosis of constituent oocyte or follicular cells, or both, failing to complete the maturation process. Atresia occurs at all stages of follicular development during the growth and development of follicles.[第一段]     

细菌β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶分子改造和表达策略

β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶作为一种饲料和食品添加剂有着广泛用途。迄今在杆菌、梭菌、瘤胃细菌、真菌、高等植物中都发现了β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶。综述了细菌来源β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶的性质、结构、分子改造与表达研究进展。     

戊四氮点燃癫痫大鼠空间学习记忆改变及海马突触素、突触后致密物PSD-95表达的变化

目的探讨戊四氮点燃癫痫对大鼠空间学习记忆的影响及可能的分子机制。方法戊四氮(pentylenetet-razol,PTZ)点燃建立慢性癫痫(chronic epileptic,CEP)模型,Morris水迷宫进行行为学检测,免疫组织化学方法观察大鼠海马CA1、CA3区突触素(synaptophysin,P38)和突触后致密物95(postsynaptic density 95,PSD-95)的表达,并用计算机图像分析系统对免疫反应结果进行处理。结果水迷宫试验检测癫痫组大鼠空间学习记忆能力受损;免疫组化结果表明其海马CA1、CA3区P38和PSD-95免疫反应产物较对照组明显减少(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论戊四氮点燃癫痫大鼠伴有学习记忆功能减退,其海马神经元P38和PSD-95的表达减少可能参与了空间学习记忆受损。     

脱氮菌株P6的分离鉴定及其处理氨氮废水的试验研究

目的：从污水处理池的污泥中分离得到去除氨氮效果较好的菌株,对其进行分类鉴定和去除氨氮的最佳条件的研究。方法：根据维诺格拉斯基柱法分离出几种纯菌株,选取其中脱氮效果较好的一株,经形态观察和生理生化实验,鉴定其分类地位。研究不同培养条件对该菌生长的影响,用滴定法测定不同条件下其对氨氮的去除率。结果：获得一脱氮菌株P6,初步推测该菌为产碱杆菌。其最适生长条件为：温度29℃,初始pH值7.5以及摇床（100r/min）培养,且在温度29℃、废水的初始pH值11、接种量与废水体积的比例为1.2g/150mL、添加乙酸钠浓度为0.1%、废水的氨氮浓度为600mg/L和摇床（100r/min）的条件下,3d后该菌对氨氮的去除率达到45%。结论：P6菌有一定的去除氨氮能力,具有应用价值。     

C(4)-alkyl substituted furanyl cyclobutenediones as potent, orally bioavailable CXCR2 and CXCR1 receptor antagonists

A novel series of cyclobutenedione centered C(4)-alkyl substituted furanyl analogs was developed as potent CXCR2 and CXCR1 antagonists. Compound 16 exhibits potent inhibitory activities against IL-8 binding to the receptors (CXCR2 Ki=1 nM, IC(50)=1.3 nM; CXCR1 Ki=3 nM, IC(50)=7.3 nM), and demonstrates potent inhibition against both Gro-alpha and IL-8 induced hPMN migration (chemotaxis: CXCR2 IC(50)=0.5 nM, CXCR1 IC(50)=37 nM). In addition, 16 has shown good oral pharmacokinetic profiles in rat, mouse, monkey, and dog.     

Molecular cloning and function analysis of the stay green gene in rice

Chloroplasts undergo drastic morphological and physiological changes during senescence with a visible symptom of chlorophyll (Chl) degradation. A stay green mutant was identified and then isolated from the japonica rice (Oryza sativa) cv. Huazhiwu by gamma-ray irradiation. The stay green mutant was characterized by Chl retention, stable Chl-protein complexes, and stable thylakoid membrane structures, but lost its photosynthetic competence during senescence. The gene, designated Stay Green Rice (SGR), was cloned by a positional cloning strategy encoding an ancient protein containing a putative chloroplast transit peptide. SGR protein was found in both soluble and thylakoid membranes in rice. SGR, like the gene for pheophorbide a oxygenase (PaO), was constitutively expressed, but was upregulated by dark-induced senescence in rice leaves. Senescence-induced expression of SGR and PaO was enhanced by ABA, but inhibited by cytokinin. Overexpression of SGR reduced the number of lamellae in the grana thylakoids and reduced the Chl content of normally growing leaves. This indicates that upregulation of SGR increases Chl breakdown during senescence in rice. A small quantity of chlorophyllide a accumulated in sgr leaves, but this also accumulated in wild-type rice leaves during senescence. Some pheophorbide a was detected in sgr leaves in the dark. According to these observations, we propose that SGR may be involved in regulating or taking part in the activity of PaO, and then may influence Chl breakdown and degradation of pigment-protein complex.     

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor binding antagonists from Alpinia officinarum

The bioassay-guided purification of ether extracts of Alpinia officinarum led to the isolation of two new compounds 6-hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-4-en-3-heptanone (1) and 6-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-4-methoxy-2-pyrone (4) as well as three known compounds 1,7-diphenyl-4-en-3-heptanone (2), 1,7-diphenyl-5-methoxy-3-heptanone (3), and apigenin (5). Their structures were established on the basis of spectral methods. All three diarylheptanoids 1, 2, and 3 exhibited potent PAF receptor binding inhibitory activities with an IC₅₀ of 1.3, 5.0, and 1.6 μM, respectively. These studies have identified diarylheptanoids as a novel class of potent PAF antagonists.     

Synthesis and evaluation of isosteres of N-methyl indolo[3,2-b]-quinoline (cryptolepine) as new antiinfective agents

Isosteres of cryptolepine (1) were synthesized and evaluated for their antiinfective activities. Overall, the sulfur isostere, 5-methyl benzothieno[3,2-b]quinolinium salt (5b), was equipotent to 1 and has shown no cytotoxicity at 23.8 microg/mL. Compound 5b was also found to have a broad spectrum of activity. Both the carbon and oxygen isosteres were less potent than cryptolepine. A limited library of 2-substituted analogs of 5b has been synthesized and evaluated in antifungal screens but did not show increase in potency compared to the unsubstituted 5b. Similarly, evaluation of tricyclic benzothieno[3,2-b]pyridines while showing promise in individual screens did not produce an overall increase in potency. Overall, the evaluation of the activities of 5b compared with standard antifungal/anti-protozoal agents suggests that the benzothienoquinoline scaffold could serve as a lead for optimization.     

福建吻虾虎鱼属一新种(鲈形目,虾虎鱼科)

描述分布于福建省福州市北峰溪流中的一吻虾虎鱼新种,定名为网纹吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius reticulates sp.nov..该虾虎鱼与R.mekongianus和R.nammaensis在头部斑纹上相似,但具有区别于此两种吻虾虎鱼的特征:纵列鳞27～29(平均27.7);椎骨数26～27(平均26.5);成体眼肩胛骨管通常于眼窝后具有两个感觉管孔ω和ω1;鳃盖条部具8～13条红色网状条纹;眼下缘具1红棕色条纹;全身密布黑褐色细点;体侧无斑块.