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143.
Zhen‐Guo Yan Li‐Hang Xie Ning Wang Dao‐Yang Sun Zhang‐Zhen Bai Li‐Xin Niu Yan‐Long Zhang Xiao‐Tong Ji 《化学与生物多样性》2019,16(3)
Herbaceous peony has been widely cultivated in China due to its substantial ornamental and medicinal value. In the present study, the phenotypic characteristics, total fatty acid (FA) content, and nine FA compositions of herbaceous peony seeds from 14 populations belonging to six species and one subspecies were determined by normal test and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the phenotypic characteristics of seeds varied dramatically among species. The concentrations of five major FAs in seed oils were as follows: linoleic acid (173.95–236.51 μg/mg), linolenic acid (227.82–302.71 μg/mg), oleic acid (135.32–208.81 μg/mg), stearic acid (6.52–11.7 μg/mg), and palmitic acid (30.67–47.64 μg/mg). Correlation analysis demonstrated that oleic acid had the highest partial correlation coefficient with total FAs and might be applied to develop a model of phenotypic characteristics. FAs were significantly influenced by the following environmental factors: latitude, elevation, and annual average temperature. Based on the FA levels in the seed oils, clustering analysis divided 14 populations into two clusters. It was found that the average contents of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and total FAs in cluster I (147.16 μg/mg, 200.31 μg/mg, and 671.24 μg/mg, respectively) were significantly lower than those in cluster II (196.65 μg/mg, 220.16 μg/mg, and 741.78 μg/mg, respectively). Cluster I was perfectly consistent with subsect. Foliolatae, while cluster II was in good agreement with subsect. Dissectifoliae. Therefore, the FA composition of wild herbaceous peony seed oil might be used as a chemotaxonomic marker. 相似文献
144.
Boyi Chen Jun Peng Heping Shen The Duong Daniel Walter Steve Johnston Mowafak M. Al‐Jassim Klaus J. Weber Thomas P. White Kylie R. Catchpole Daniel Macdonald Hieu T. Nguyen 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(7)
A fast, nondestructive, camera‐based method to capture optical bandgap images of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with micrometer‐scale spatial resolution is developed. This imaging technique utilizes well‐defined and relatively symmetrical band‐to‐band luminescence spectra emitted from perovskite materials, whose spectral peak locations coincide with absorption thresholds and thus represent their optical bandgaps. The technique is employed to capture relative variations in optical bandgaps across various PSCs, and to resolve optical bandgap inhomogeneity within the same device due to material degradation and impurities. Degradation and impurities are found to both cause optical bandgap shifts inside the materials. The results are confirmed with micro‐photoluminescence spectroscopy scans. The excellent agreement between the two techniques opens opportunities for this imaging concept to become a quantified, high spatial resolution, large‐area characterization tool of PSCs. This development continues to strengthen the high value of luminescence imaging for the research and development of this photovoltaic technology. 相似文献
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146.
Shafket Rasool Doan Van Vu Chang Eun Song Hang Ken Lee Sang Kyu Lee Jong‐Cheol Lee Sang‐Jin Moon Won Suk Shin 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(21)
The room temperature (RT) processability of the photoactive layers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) from halogen‐free solvent along with their highly reproducible power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and intrinsic thickness tolerance are extremely desirable for the large‐area roll‐to‐roll (R2R) production. However, most of the photoactive materials in PSCs require elevated processing temperatures due to their strong aggregation, which are unfavorable for the industrial R2R manufacturing of PSCs. These limiting factors for the commercialization of PSCs are alleviated by synthesizing random terpolymers with components of (2‐decyltetradecyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)naphtho[1,2‐c:5,6‐c′]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole and bithiophene substituted with methyl thiophene‐3‐carboxylate (MTC). In contrast to the temperature‐dependent PNTz4T polymer, the resulting random terpolymers (PNTz4T‐MTC) show better solubility, slightly reduced crystallinity and aggregation, and weaker intermolecular interaction, thus enabling PNTz4T‐MTC to be processed at RT from a halogen‐free solvent. Particularly, the PNTz4T‐5MTC‐based photoactive layer exhibits an excellent PCE of 9.66%, which is among the highest reported PCEs for RT and ecofriendly halogen‐free solvent processed fullerene‐based PSCs, and a thickness tolerance with a PCE exceeding 8% from 100 to 520 nm. Finally, large‐area modules fabricated with the PNTz4T and PNTz4T‐5MTC polymer have shown 4.29% and 6.61% PCE respectively, with an area as high as 54.45 cm2 in air. 相似文献
147.
背景:碱性蛋白酶(alkaline protease)是一种具有广泛用途的工业酶制剂,其发酵活力目前仍不能满足工业生产需要。目的:旨在通过优化启动子及其组合来提高Bacillus subtilis WB600中碱性蛋白酶AprE的产量。方法:以Bacillus subtilis WB600为出发菌株,成功构建了含有4种不同类型启动子(P1、P2、P-1-2、P-2-1)的碱性蛋白酶AprE表达菌株。结果:含不同启动子的4株重组菌均可成功表达碱性蛋白酶,发酵48h,含单一启动子P2的重组菌株表达碱性蛋白酶的活力为4 041U/ml,是P1的1. 23倍。双启动子重组菌B. subtilis WB600/P-2-1-aprE表达的酶活性最高,是双启动子P-1-2的1. 35倍,达到了6 125U/ml。结论:为工业化高产碱性蛋白酶提供了一种有效策略。 相似文献
148.
The geographical distribution of pollinators is an important factor determining the biogeographical pattern of floral evolution and diversification. In Africa, a guild of plant species has converged in a floral syndrome for pollination by long‐tongued hawkmoths (predominantly Agrius convolvuli). It is hypothesized that such floral convergence could track the geographical distribution of long‐tongued hawkmoths, so it may not be confined to Africa. We investigated the pollination biology of Lilium sargentiae E. H. Wilson, which is endemic to China and exhibits traits suggestive of long‐tongued hawkmoth pollination. Lilium sargentiae was visited by A. convolvuli as well as small beetles (Nitidulidae) but pollination was mostly or totally effected by the moth. It was consistent with other hawkmoth‐pollinated plants in terms of floral tube length, nectar traits, tepal reflectance, and scent composition. We present the first experimental evidence for the hypothesis proposed above and for hawkmoth pollination in the widespread and ornamentally and economically important genus Lilium L. in a natural habitat. Our findings imply that long‐tongued hawkmoths (especially the extremely widespread A. convolvuli) as a distinctive pollinator niche may have underlain the evolution of long‐tubed (>8 cm) flowers across different continents. 相似文献
149.
Chenqiao Zhu Xiongjie Zheng Yue Huang Junli Ye Peng Chen Chenglei Zhang Fei Zhao Zongzhou Xie Siqi Zhang Nan Wang Hang Li Lun Wang Xiaomei Tang Lijun Chai Qiang Xu Xiuxin Deng 《Plant biotechnology journal》2019,17(11):2199-2210
Hongkong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) is a wild citrus species characterized by dwarf plant height and early flowering. Here, we identified the monoembryonic F. hindsii (designated as ‘Mini‐Citrus’) for the first time and constructed its selfing lines. This germplasm constitutes an ideal model for the genetic and functional genomics studies of citrus, which have been severely hindered by the long juvenility and inherent apomixes of citrus. F. hindsii showed a very short juvenile period (~8 months) and stable monoembryonic phenotype under cultivation. We report the first de novo assembled 373.6 Mb genome sequences (Contig‐N50 2.2 Mb and Scaffold‐N50 5.2 Mb) for F. hindsii. In total, 32 257 protein‐coding genes were annotated, 96.9% of which had homologues in other eight Citrinae species. The phylogenomic analysis revealed a close relationship of F. hindsii with cultivated citrus varieties, especially with mandarin. Furthermore, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was demonstrated to be an efficient strategy to generate target mutagenesis on F. hindsii. The modifications of target genes in the CRISPR‐modified F. hindsii were predominantly 1‐bp insertions or small deletions. This genetic transformation system based on F. hindsii could shorten the whole process from explant to T1 mutant to about 15 months. Overall, due to its short juvenility, monoembryony, close genetic background to cultivated citrus and applicability of CRISPR, F. hindsii shows unprecedented potentials to be used as a model species for citrus research. 相似文献
150.
Duc Khanh Le Quang Khai Le Thi Thuy Hang Tran Duc Viet Nguyen Thi Hang Dao Thi Thuy Nguyen Xuan Lam Truong Quang Cuong Nguyen Huy Phong Pham Thi Thu Thuy Phan Gajendra Babu Baktavachalam 《Journal of Asia》2019,22(2):493-498
Susceptibility of Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1Ab protein was studied between 2015 and 2016 with 11 ACB populations, collected from various geographical regions in Vietnam. A concentration range of Cry1Ab from 0.20 to 26.10 ng/cm2 of diet was evaluated against F1 ACB neonates using diet surface-overlay bioassays. Mortality data was recorded daily until seven days after infestation. Growth inhibition was recorded at the end of seven days. The median lethal concentration (LC50) varied ≈3-fold among the different populations, ranging from 0.58 to 1.83 ng/cm2 of diet with an overall mean of 0.86 ng/cm2 of diet. Even the lowest concentration of 0.20 ng/cm2 caused 73.53% growth inhibition. >90% growth inhibition was achieved at 0.82 ng/cm2 or higher concentrations. The results reflect natural variation in Bt susceptibility among ACB populations rather than variation caused by prior exposure to selection pressures. LC99 value (17.26 ng/cm2) was generated by pooling mortality data across different populations. The upper fiducial limit of LC99 (24.38 ng/cm2) could be a potential diagnostic dose for future resistance monitoring programs. The findings from this study suggest that ACB populations in Vietnam are highly susceptible to Cry1Ab protein. This is the first report of Cry1Ab susceptibility of different ACB populations in Vietnam and will serve as a baseline for future resistance monitoring work. 相似文献