Variation in mitochondrial DNA of Vietnamese pigs: relationships with Asian domestic pigs and Ryukyu wild boars

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences (574 bp) of 30 Vietnamese pigs (large and small) were examined and compared with those of 61 haplotypes from wild boars and domestic pigs from various locations in Asia. The large Vietnamese pigs had genetic links to Ryukyu wild boars in southern Japan. The small Vietnamese pigs were closely related to other East Asian domestic pigs. These results indicate that Vietnamese pigs are genetically diverse and may be descendents of wild and domestic pigs from other regions of Asia.     

The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 K469E polymorphism in type 1 diabetes

Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes is a complex trait. The region harboring the ICAM1 gene on 19p13 links to type 1 diabetes, and a growing body of evidence indicates that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) could play a role in type 1 diabetes development. Recently, association studies of an ICAM-1 K469E polymorphism in type 1 diabetes populations have reported conflicting results. Hence, we performed a transmission disequilibrium test analysis of the ICAM-1 K469E variations in 253 Danish type 1 diabetes families. Linkage and association was not found between the ICAM-1 K469E variation and type 1 diabetes in Danish patients (P(tdt)> or =0.48), and our data did not indicate an interaction between ICAM1 and IDDM1 in predisposition to type 1 diabetes in Danes (P=0.78). We did not observe significant association with late-onset type 1 diabetes (P(tdt)> or =0.12) or differences in transmission patterns between groups of affected offspring stratified for age at onset (P> or =0.19), as suggested in Japanese patients. Combined analysis of the present and previously reported transmission data comprising 728 affected offspring of Romanian, Finnish, and Danish ancestry suggested association between the ICAM-1 E469 allele and type 1 diabetes (P(tdt)=0.013), but association was not found in the combined Scandinavian material. In conclusion, we found no association of the ICAM-1 K469E polymorphism with type 1 diabetes or its subsets stratified for age at onset and HLA risk in Danish patients. Analysis of ICAM-1 K469E transmissions reported in three populations suggested association to type 1 diabetes, but also demonstrated heterogeneity between populations.     

吸烟对呼吸道感染患者的微生态影响

呼吸道感染是常见病多发病,而呼吸道感染可导致微生态失调。有报道,宿主的任何病理变化都可作为生态失调的微观环境因素。微观环境对正常微生物群的影响是直接的;而且是主要的。为此,我们对吸烟和被动吸烟者的微生态变化及呼吸道感染患者微生态的变化以及二者之间的关系进行了研究。以进一步探讨吸烟对呼吸道感染患者直接或间接的影响。研究结果表明,吸烟及被动吸烟者患反复呼吸道感染的年发生率明显高于不吸烟者。健康对照组与患者口咽部菌群数相比有显著差异,无论是吸烟还是不吸烟的患者菌群含量均高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜００５）。结果表明,吸烟不仅有害于自身健康,而且危害被动吸烟者,其对呼吸道微生态的影响都是一致的,即可导致微生态失调,从而导致呼吸道疾病