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31.
Summary One hundred twelve human DNA sequences were analyzed with respect to dinucleotide frequency and amino acid composition. The variation in guanine and cytosine (G+C) content revealed: (1) at 2–3 and 3-1 doublet positions CG discrimination is attenuated at high G+C, but TA disfavor is enhanced, and (2) several amino acids are subject to G+C change. These findings have been reported in part for collections of sequences from various species. The present study confirms that in a single organism-the human-the G+C effects do exist. Aspects of the argument that connects G+C with protein thermal stability are also discussed. 相似文献
32.
The effects of several imidazole antimycotic agents, an imidazole and several mineralocorticoid analogs on the cytochrome P-450(11)beta-catalyzed 11 beta-hydroxylation of 11-deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone synthesis were examined. Ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole and etomidate were found to be potent inhibitors of the reactions, causing 50% inhibition of the 11 beta-hydroxylase activity at concentrations between 10(-8) and 10(-7) M. The potency of etomidate as to the inhibition of aldosterone- and 18-hydroxycorticosterone-production was found to be almost equal to that in the case of 11 beta-hydroxylation. Spironolactone and other newly synthesized mineralocorticoid analogs were also found to inhibit the cytochrome P-450(11)beta-mediated reactions. The ID50 values of these drugs for inhibition of the 11 beta-hydroxylase activity were almost equal to those in the case of the aldosterone- and 18-hydroxycorticosterone-biosynthetic activities. The results of kinetical studies indicated that one of the mineralocorticoid analogs, Compound 23-0586, acts as a competitive inhibitor for the cytochrome P-450(11)beta-mediated reactions. 相似文献
33.
Analysis of human plasma as an exposure level monitor for carcinogenic tryptophan pyrolysis products
A high-performance liquid chromatography method for detecting 3-amino-1,4- dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) in human plasma was developed. Plasma samples of 10 normal subjects were examined. Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2, carcinogenic tryptophan pyrolysis products, were detected in all specimens, and the concentrations of Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 in plasma were 68.31 +/- 24.03 fmoles/ml (mean +/- S.D., n = 10) and 18.79 +/- 4.99 fmoles/ml, respectively. Our results suggest that plasma levels of carcinogenic tryptophan pyrolysis products may be useful indicators for estimating the exposure levels of the dietary carcinogens. 相似文献
34.
Yazaki Yoshiaki; Maki Kazutoshi; Sato Tetsuya; Ohta Eiji; Sakata Makoto 《Plant & cell physiology》1988,29(8):1417-1422
The intracellular K+ concentration and its change in mung bean[Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] root tips were investigated non-invasivelywith 39K nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using a membraneimpermeable shift reagent, dysprosium (III) tripolyphosphate[Dy(PPPi)72]. The K+ resonance was shifted to highermagnetic field in proportion to the concentration of the shiftreagent. In addition to a reference capillary peak for measuringthe K+ concentration, two well-resolved peaks (intra- and extracellularK+ resonances) were observed in the 39K NMR spectra of mungbean root tips. The intracellular K+ concentration was determinedto be 41 mM, which was similar to the value obtained by flamephotometry. When 20 mM KCl was added to the external medium,the intensity of the intracellular K+ resonance gradually increasedand the net K+ uptake rate was calculated to be 4.1 micromolesper gram fresh weight per hour. After removal of KCl from theperfusion medium, the intracellular K+ concentration considerablydecreased. With 31P NMR method, 2.5 mM Dy(PPPj)712 and20 mM KCl had little effect on the ATP level in the cells. Wehave indicated that the 39K NMR method can be used to determinethe K+ levels and net fluxes of the K+ transport in perfusedroot tips successively. (Received April 6, 1988; Accepted September 29, 1988) 相似文献
35.
Masamitsu Wada 《Journal of plant research》1988,101(4):519-528
Chloroplast proliferation was investigated inAdiantum protonemata growing under continuous red light. Cell division is absent when cells are grown under red light. The chloroplast
number increases as the cell length increases, therefore the chloroplasts divide in the absence of cell division. Chloroplasts
in the basal part of the filamentous protonemal cell migrate gradually toward the cell apex, but there is no large net migration
from the tip to the base or vice versa, indicating that chloroplast division takes place in the apical part of the protonemata.
Chloroplast number in the apical 100 μm was maintained at about 200 during cell growth at least over eight days. The chloroplasts
were either dumbbell- or ellipsoid-shaped. Dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts are abundant everywhere in a protonema, ranging from
30 to 50% of the total chloroplasts. The dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts attached to or very close to the plasma membrane seem
to be the ones that are dividing but the dumbbell-shaped ones in the other regions do not divide. These data support the hypothesis
that a signal from the plasma membrane induces the dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts to divide. 相似文献
36.
Matuo Y Nishi N Muguruma Y Yoshitake Y Masuda Y Nishikawa K Wada F 《Cytotechnology》1988,1(4):309-318
Among several detergents, a zwitterionic detergent, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS), was found to be least cytotoxic for cultured mammalian cells. CHAPS improved the activity recovery and elution profile of crude and purified fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) during chromatographies. Diluted preparations of FGFs were stabilized by CHAPS against the loss during storage. Amino acid sequence analysis was not disturbed by CHAPS. CHAPS was removable by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. These results indicate that CHAPS is useful as a non-cytotoxic stabilizing agent in purification of various kinds of bioactive polypeptides.Abbreviations -MEM
Alpha Modification of Eagle's Minimal essential medium
- CHAPS
3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate
- CHAPSO
3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propane sulfonate
- CS
Calf Serum
- EGF
Epidermal Growth Factor
- FGF
Fibroblast Growth Factor
- HPLC
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
- NGF
Nerve Growth Factor
- NOG
1-O-n-octyl--D-glucopyranoside
- NP-40
Nonidet P-40
- PBS
Phosphate-Buffered Saline
- SB 12
3-(dodecylmethylammonio)-1-propane sulfonate
- SDS
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
- TGF- and
Transforming Growth Factor type and 相似文献
37.
J Hanai M Lin A Wada S Ishiguro T Miki H Sakaguchi H Kanda 《Histology and histopathology》1992,7(4):533-541
Distribution of intermediate filament proteins (IFs) and several special markers was studied in 39 testicular germ cell tumors and 8 embryos and foetuses. The similarity and difference between development of germ cell tumor and embryogenesis were immunohistochemically investigated. Seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, as tumoral counterparts of undifferentiated germ cells, were characterized by little IF expression. This study revealed that the maturing and differentiating process in germ cell tumor is different from normal embryonal development and the tumor cells showed leaping maturing steps in tumorigenesis. Immunostaining for IFs helped to discover the further differentiation occurring in embryonal carcinoma and to demonstrate heterogeneous elements in non-seminoma germ cell tumors, which sometimes might not be apparent by light microscopical observation of H&E staining section. According to the findings, two patterns in mixed germ cell tumors are suggested; i.e., combined and diffuse types. The mechanism of tumorigenesis of the two types is supposed to be different. Clinically, the prognosis of most patients with testicular germ cell tumor is fairly good because of the improved chemotherapies that are dependent on histological diagnosis. 相似文献
38.
39.
Shinichi Ikemoto Seiji Wada Masato Kamizuru Nobuyuki Hayahara Taketoshi Kishimoto Masanobu Maekawa 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1992,34(5):289-293
Summary The authors examined interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and interferon (IFN) production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 28 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 17 control subjects. The peripheral blood was obtained prior to the initiation of therapeutic procedures. The patients were divided into two groups according to tumor size, 5 cm and >5 cm. The production of IL-2 and IFN was measured by immunoradiometric assay. As a result, in the patients with tumors >5 cm, IL-2 and IFN production was impaired. However, in the patients with tumors 5 cm, IFN production was enhanced, though IL-2 production was not significantly different from that of the control subjects. There was no significant correlation between IL-2 production and IFN production. 相似文献
40.
Kunio Nakagawa Norio Omori Kahoko Hashimoto Tetsuya Yamamoto Takashi Tsunoda Tadao Nose 《Biotherapy》1992,4(2):109-115
Thein vitro effect of a combined treatment with lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cell and radiation therapy on rat brain tumor was examined using51Cr release assay. The tumor cell-line used in this experiment was 9L rat brain tumor derived from a Fischer 344 rat. LAK cells were obtained by culturing rat lymphocytes with recombinant human interleukin 2 for at least 3 days. The cytotoxic activity of the LAK cells was examined by51Cr release assay. Irradiation was done by exposing the microtiter plate in which the15Cr labeled 9L cells and LAK cells were cultured to a137Cs gamma cell unit. Without irradiation, there was 18% cytotoxicity in the 1:100 tumor-to-LAK cell ratio specimen after 24 hrs cocultivation. However, if 5 Gy of irradiation was given, followed by 12 hrs incubation, the cytotoxicity was enhanced significantly at the same cell ratio (30%). This enhancement effect was the most prominent when the cell ratio was 1:100 and the irradiation dose was 5 Gy. To generate the enhancement effect, an incubation time of over 8 hrs both before and after irradiation was required. The supernatant of the LAK cells showed 19.8% and 11.4% cytotoxicity with and without irradiation, respectively. This result indicates the participation of a cytotoxic factor released from LAK cells.This work is supported in part by grant from Univeristy of Tsukuba Project Research. 相似文献