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131.
Hideshi Fujiwake Tetsuya Suzuki Kazuo Iwai 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2685-2689
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase, and capsaicinoid synthetase [Agric. Biol. Chem., 44, 2907 (1980)] activities were investigated in the subcellular fractions from protoplasts of placenta of Capsicum fruits. The subcellular distribution of intermediates of the capsaicinoid biosynthesis, trans-cinnamic acid and trans-p-coumaric acid, and capsaicinoid were also investigated. The activity of trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase and capsaicinoid synthetase was in the vacuole fraction. While the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase was in the cytosol fraction. After feeding l-[U-14C]phenylalanine to the protoplast, the newly synthesized trans-p-coumaric acid and capsaicinoid were found in the vacuole fraction, while trans-cinnamic acid was not in the vacuole fraction. The possible role of the vacuole on the biosynthesis of capsaicinoid is also discussed. 相似文献
132.
Mitsuyoshi Yoshikawa Toshifumi Kiyohara Teruo Iwasaki Izumi Yoshida 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1989-1990
We investigated the effects of compounds isolated from a methanolic extract of rose hips on melanin biosynthesis in B16 mouse melanoma cells and the possible mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis. We found that, among the isolated compounds, quercetin was a particularly potent melanogenesis inhibitor. To reveal the mechanism for this inhibition, the effects on tyrosinase of B16 mouse melanoma were measured. Quercetin decreased the intracellular tyrosinase activity as well as the tyrosinase activity in a cell culture-free system. We also examined the cellular level of tyrosinase protein and found that quercetin dose-dependently inhibited tyrosinase protein expression. We consider from these results that the inhibition of melanogenesis by quercetin was due to the inhibition of both tyrosinase activity and of the protein expression. 相似文献
133.
134.
Yoshitaka Kokusho Shigeaki Kato Haruo Machida Shinjiro Iwasaki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):2515-2524
An extracellular phospholipase D from Actinomadura sp. Strain No. 362 was purified about 430-fold from the culture filtrate. The purified enzyme preparation was judged to be homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight and isoelectric point of the enzyme were estimated to be about 50,000—60,000 and 6.4, respectively. The enzyme was most active at pH 5.5 and 50°C in the presence of Triton X-100, but showed the highest activity at pH 7.0 and 60 — 70°C in its absence. The enzyme was stable up to 30°C at pH 7.2 and also stable in the pH range of 4.0 to 8.0 on 2 hr incubation at 25°C. With regard to substrate specificity, this enzyme hydrolysed lecithin best among the phospholipids tested. It was activated by Fe3 +, Al3+, Mn2 +, Ca2 +, diethyl ether, sodium deoxycholate and Triton X-100, but was inhibited by cetyl pyridinium chloride and dodecylsulfate. 相似文献
135.
Kazuo Iwai Masahiro Kohashi Tsutomu Itadani Tetsuya Suzuki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(5):1141-1147
Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.16) was previously shown to exist in two forms (GTP cyclohydrolase D-I and D-II) in Serratia indica IFO 3759, and they were homogeneously isolated. The present study deals with the characterization of their reaction products. A fluorescent product formed from guanosine triphosphate by GTP cyclohydrolase D-II was identified as 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate by its absorption spectra, phosphate analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the dephosphorylated trimethylsilyl derivative. After oxidation and dephosphorylation, the d-erythro configuration of the side chain was made clear by the elution profile on ECTEOLA-cellulose chromatography, Rf values on thin-layer chromatography and by biological activity to Crithidia fasciculata ATCC 12857. The fluorescent products from GTP cyclohydrolase D-I and D-II were indistinguishable. 相似文献
136.
Previous structural studies of less-polar dimers in autoxidized methyl linoleate (ML) have been extended to polar dimers. After isolation by successive silicic acid and gel permeation chromatography, the dimeric fraction of linoleate was separated into two major fractions, A1 and A2, according to their polarities. The polar dimers (A1) were further fractionated by HPLC either directly or after reduction with triphenyl phosphine on a micro silica column. Isolated subfractions were characterized by UV, IR, GC-MS and FD-MS after suitable derivatizations. FD-MS of all these dimers showed a molecular ion peak which corresponds to 2 × ML + 6 × O and the reduction of each subfraction with stannous chloride gave equimolar amounts of 9 and 13-hydroxy octadecadienoate, and 9, 10, 13 and/or 9, 12, 13-trihydroxy octadecenoate. These results combined with others show that the A1 dimers are composed of isomeric mixtures containing a peroxide bridge linking a methyl octadecadienoate and a 9, 12 and/or 10, 13-dihydroperoxy octadecenoate across C-9 and/or 13 on each of them. 相似文献
137.
Kazuo Iwai Kap-Rang Lee Masahiro Kobashi Tetsuya Suzuki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(10):1873-1876
Pungent principles (Capsaicinoid(s)) were found to be produced in fruits of sweet pepper, Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum, during post-harvest ripening under continuous light. The initial formation was observed after 4 days’ ripening. After 7 days’ ripening, the capsaicinoids content in placenta increased to 12.9 μg per fruit, which was 2.5-fold of that in pericarp. No pungent principles were detected in fruits during ripening in the dark and in seeds under continuous light. In placenta, the formation of dihydrocapsaicin and nordihydrocapsaicin which are the vanillylamides of saturated branched fatty acids was higher than that of capsaicin which is the vanillylamide of an unsaturated one. Remarkable formation and accumulation of carotenoid were also observed during post-harvest ripening under continuous light. 相似文献
138.
Taxonomic and some other properties of a yeast strain, Candida sp. 36, which characteristically assimilates n-alkanes, were described. Identification of coenzyme Q, NMR spectroscopy of cell wall polysaccharides, determination of G+C content of DNA and some DNA-DNA hybridization experiments were carried out, in addition to the morphological and physiological observations. All the data were consistent with the suggestion that Candida cloacae Komagata, Nakase and Katsuya and Candida subtropicalis Nakase, Fukazawa and Tsuchiya are the synonyms of Candida maltosa Komagata, Nakase and Katsuya. Candida sp. 36 was identified as C. maltosa, too. The yeast was found to grow most abundantly on n-hexadecane and on n-octadecane in the presence of biotin. 相似文献
139.
140.
Sanae Haga YiMin Hikari Yamaki Shigeki Jin Tetsuya Sogon 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2110-2120
ABSTRACTBilberry has been reported to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We studied the effect of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruits extracts (BEs) on the pathogenesis caused by lipid accumulation in fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 5 μg/ml of BEs was enough to suppress lipid accumulation in the fatty liver model of the mouse hepatic AML12 cells. BEs increased cell viability and anti-oxidant capacity, presumably by activating (phosphorylating) Akt/STAT3 and inducing MnSOD/catalase. BEs also significantly reduced Rubicon and induced p62/SQSTM1, possibly contributing to reduce cellular lipids (lipophagy). When the mice were fed supplemented with BEs (5% or 10%, w/w), hepatic steatosis, injury, and hypercholesterolemia/hyperglycemia were significantly improved. Furthermore, histological and cytokine studies indicated that BEs possibly suppress hepatic inflammation (hepatitis) and fibrosis. Therefore, BEs improved liver steatosis and injury, and potentially suppress fibrosis by suppressing inflammatory response, which therefore may prevent the progression of fatty liver to NASH. 相似文献