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排序方式: 共有251条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Matoh Toru; Takasaki Miki; Takabe Keiji; Kobayashi Masaru 《Plant & cell physiology》1998,39(5):483-491
A polyclonal antibody against a borate-RG-II complex is raisedin rabbits. The antibody recognized RG-II exclusively in cellwall polysaccharides. Immunocytochemical studies demonstratedthat the epitope is ubiquitous in cell walls of all the cellsin radish and rice roots, cultured tobacco cells, red cloverroot nodules, and lily growing pollen tubes. The label was denserin proximal to plasma membrane, and not detected in middle lamella,suggesting that borate may cross-link newly secreted pecticpolysaccharides at the membrane-cell wall interface. (Received October 13, 1997; Accepted February 16, 1998) 相似文献
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33.
We investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of xylans in the cell walls of differentiating earlywood tracheids of
Cryptomeria japonica using two different types of monoclonal antibodies (LM10 and LM11) combined with immunomicroscopy. Xylans were first deposited
in the corner of the S1 layer in the early stages of S1 formation in tracheids. Cell corner middle lamella also showed strong xylan labeling from the early stage of cell wall formation.
During secondary cell wall formation, the innermost layer and the boundary between the S1 and S2 layers (S1/S2 region) showed weaker labeling than other parts of the cell wall. However, mature tracheids had an almost uniform distribution
of xylans throughout the entire cell wall. Xylan localization labeled with LM10 antibody was stronger in the outer S2 layer than in the inner layer, whereas xylans labeled with LM11 antibody were almost uniformly distributed in the S2 layer. In addition, the LM10 antibody showed almost no xylan labeling in the S1/S2 region, whereas the LM11 antibody revealed strong xylan labeling in the S1/S2 region. These findings suggest that structurally different types of xylans may be deposited in the tracheid cell wall depending
on the developmental stage of, or location in, the cell wall. Our study also indicates that deposition of xylans in the early
stages of tracheid cell wall formation may be spatially consistent with the early stage of lignin deposition in the tracheid
cell wall. 相似文献
34.
Yukiko Yamada Tatsuya Awano Minoru Fujita Keiji Takabe 《Trees - Structure and Function》2011,25(4):607-616
A living wood fiber (LWF) is one that retains the living protoplast. LWFs store numerous starch grains during the dormant
period. In black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), almost all wood fibers in the outer part of the annual ring are LWFs. In the outermost ring, starch is accumulated during
the summer, retained in winter, and metabolized during spring. We determined the starch content of LWFs, ray parenchyma, and
axial parenchyma using image analysis. More than 70% of the starch grains in the outermost ring were stored in LWFs during
winter. After the breakdown of starch in spring, LWFs resulted in cell death. These results indicate that LWFs in black locust
function as “single-use” large-capacity starch storage. 相似文献
35.
For plant salt tolerance, it is important to regulate the uptake and accumulation of Na+ ions. The yeast pmp3 mutant which lacks PMP3 gene accumulates excess Na+ ions in the cell and shows increased Na+ sensitivity. Although the function of PMP3 is not fully understood, it is proposed that PMP3 contributes to the restriction
of Na+ uptake and consequently salt tolerance in yeasts. In this paper, we have investigated whether the lack of RCI2A gene, homologous to PMP3 gene, causes a salt sensitive phenotype in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.) plants; and to thereby indicate the physiological role of RCI2A in higher plants. Two T-DNA insertional mutants
of RCI2A were identified. Although the growth of rci2a mutants was comparable with that of wild type under normal conditions, high NaCl treatment caused increased accumulation
of Na+ and more reduction of the growth of roots and shoots of rci2a mutants than that of wild type. Undifferentiated callus cultures regenerated from rci2a mutants also accumulated more Na+ than that from wild type under high NaCl treatment. Furthermore, when wild-type and rci2a plants were treated with NaCl, NaNO3, Na2SO4, KCl, KNO3, K2SO4 or LiCl, the rci2a mutants showed more reduction of shoot growth than wild type. Under treatments of tetramethylammonium chloride, CaCl2, MgCl2, mannitol or sorbitol, the growth reduction was comparable between wild-type and rci2a plants. These results suggested that RCI2A plays a role directly or indirectly for avoiding over-accumulation of excess Na+ and K+ ions in plants, and contributes to salt tolerance. 相似文献
36.
Osmotic stress in barley regulates expression of a different set of genes than salt stress does 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ueda A Kathiresan A Inada M Narita Y Nakamura T Shi W Takabe T Bennett J 《Journal of experimental botany》2004,55(406):2213-2218
Under high salt conditions, plant growth is severely inhibited due to both osmotic and ionic stresses. In an effort to dissect genes and pathways that respond to changes in osmotic potential under salt stress, the expression patterns were compared of 460 non-redundant salt-responsive genes in barley during the initial phase under osmotic versus salt stress using cDNA microarrays with northern blot and real-time RT-PCR analyses. Out of 52 genes that were differentially expressed under osmotic stress, 11, such as the up-regulated genes for pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, plasma membrane protein 3, and the down-regulated genes for water channel 2, heat shock protein 70, and phospholipase C, were regulated in a virtually identical manner under salt stress. These genes were involved in a wide range of metabolic and signalling pathways suggesting that, during the initial phase under salt stress, several of the cellular responses are mediated by changes in osmotic potential. 相似文献
37.
Rungaroon Waditee-Sirisattha Meenakshi Singh Hakuto Kageyama Daungjai Sittipol Ashwani K. Rai Teruhiro Takabe 《Archives of microbiology》2012,194(11):909-914
Photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing Anabaena strains play an important role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles in tropical paddy fields although they are salt sensitive. Improvement in salt tolerance of Anabaena cells by expressing glycine betaine–synthesizing genes is an interesting subject. Due to the absence of choline in cyanobacteria, choline-oxidizing enzyme could not be used for the synthesis of glycine betaine. Here, the genes encoding glycine-sarcosine and dimethylglycine methyltransferases (ApGSMT-DMT) from a halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica were expressed in Anabaena sp. strain PCC7120. The ApGSMT-DMT-expressing Anabaena cells were capable of synthesizing glycine betaine without the addition of any substance. The accumulation level of glycine betaine in Anabaena increased with rise of salt concentration. The transformed cells exhibited an improved growth and more tolerance to salinity than the control cells. The present work provides a prospect to engineer a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium having enhanced tolerance to stress by manipulating de novo synthesis of glycine betaine. 相似文献
38.
A real-time PCR procedure targeting the gene of the molecular cochaperon DnaJ (dnaJ) was developed for specific detection of strains belonging to the Enterobacter cloacae group. The inclusivity and exclusivity of the real-time PCR assay were assessed with seven reference strains of E.?cloacae, 12 other Enterobacter species and 41 non-Enterobacter strains. Inclusivity as well as exclusivity of the duplex real-time PCR was 100%. In contrast, resolution of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was inadequate for delineation of Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter hormaechei, Enterobacter kobei and Enterobacter ludwigii from E.?cloacae. Eleven of 56 (20%) clinical isolates of the E.?cloacae group could not be clearly identified as a certain species using MALDI-TOF MS. In summary, the combination of MALDI-TOF MS with the E.?cloacae-specific duplex real-time PCR is an appropriate method for identification of the six species of the E.?cloacae complex. 相似文献
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40.
Sanna Pasonen-Sepp?nen Piia Takabe Michael Edward Leena Rauhala Kirsi Rilla Markku Tammi Raija Tammi 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2012,138(6):895-911
In many cancers hyaluronan content is increased, either by tumor cells or the surrounding stromal cells and this increased hyaluronan content correlates with unfavorable clinical prognosis. In the present work, we studied the effects of melanoma cell (aggressive melanoma cell line C8161)-derived factors on fibroblast hyaluronan synthesis, intracellular signaling, MMP expression and invasion. Treatment of the fibroblast cultures with melanoma cell conditioned medium (CM) caused accumulation of hyaluronan in the culture medium and formation of thick pericellular hyaluronan coat and hyaluronan cables. The expression of Has2 was increased approximately 20-fold by the C8161 melanoma cell CM, while Has1 and Has3 were increased twofold. Knock-down of Has2 expression with siRNA showed that Has2 was responsible for the increased hyaluronan synthesis induced by the melanoma cell CM. To find out the signaling routes, which led to Has2 upregulation, the phosphorylation profiles of 46 kinases were screened with phosphokinase array kit. Melanoma cell CM treatment strongly induced a rapid phosphorylation of p38, JNK, AKT, CREB, HSP27, STAT3 and cJUN. Treatment of the fibroblasts with specific inhibitors of PI3K, AKT and p38 reduced the melanoma cell CM-induced hyaluronan secretion, while the inhibitor of PDGFR totally blocked it. In addition, siRNA for PDGFRα/β inhibited Has2 upregulation in melanoma cell CM-treated fibroblasts. In parallel with the increased hyaluronan synthesis the melanoma cell CM-treated fibroblasts showed spindle shape, numerous long cell protrusions, enhanced MMP expression and increased invasion into collagen-Cultrex matrix. siRNA blocking of Has2 or PDGFRα/β expression reversed the stimulatory effect of melanoma cell CM on fibroblast invasion. PDGF secreted by melanoma cells thus mediated fibroblasts activation, with HAS2 upregulation as a major factor in the fibroblast response. This effect on stromal matrix is suggested to favor tumor growth. 相似文献