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101.
Inferences of population structure and demographic history for Taxodium distichum,a coniferous tree in North America,based on amplicon sequencing analysis 下载免费PDF全文
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Enrique Blanco Gonzalez Tomoya Murakami Yuki Teshima Kouji Yoshioka Dal-Sang Jeong Tetsuya Umino 《Ichthyological Research》2009,56(1):87-91
We developed four microsatellite DNA loci to test for multiple paternity of black rockfish, Sebastes inermis, from the Seto Inland Sea of Japan. All loci showed a high degree of polymorphism (number of alleles per locus = 10–14, expected
heterozygosity = 0.80) and discriminating power (probability of identity index = 3.71 × 10−6, exclusion probability = 0.999) in unrelated wild specimens (n = 32). Genotypic assignment of five dams (109–220 mm in total length) and 50 embryos from each dam (n = 50) indicated that four dams were mated with a single sire. Only for one dam and three of her embryos we could not exclude
multiple paternity. 相似文献
105.
Background
The pattern of single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, contains a tremendous amount of information with respect to the mechanisms of the micro-evolutionary process of a species. The inference of the roles of these mechanisms, including natural selection, relies heavily on computer simulations. A coalescent simulation is extremely powerful in generating a large number of samples of DNA sequences from a population (species) when all mutations are neutral, and Hudson's ms software is frequently used for this purpose. 相似文献106.
Misako Taichi Tohimasa Yamazaki Kazuki Kawahara Daisuke Motooka Shota Nakamura Shusaku Harada Tadashi Teshima Tadayasu Ohkubo Yuji Kobayashi Yuji Nishiuchi 《Journal of peptide science》2010,16(7):329-336
A 12‐residue MST isolated from a marine organism is a potent serine protease inhibitor that has a double cyclic structure composed of two ester linkages formed between the β‐hydroxyl and β‐carboxyl groups, Thr3‐Asp9 and Ser8‐Asp11. MST was synthesized by a regioselective esterification procedure employing two sets of orthogonally removable side‐chain protecting groups for the Asp and Ser/Thr residues. In the MST molecule, there were no significant changes observed in yield by changing the order of esterification. SAR study of MST revealed that the minimum required structure for expressing the inhibitory activity is the sequence (1–9) in a monocyclic structure where Pro7 located in the ring plays a crucial role in keeping the structural rigidity. By applying the structural motif of MST, we rationally designed protease inhibitory specificities that differ from those of the natural product. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
107.
Bone marrow transplantation improves outcome in a mouse model of congenital muscular dystrophy 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We examined whether pathogenesis in dystrophin-deficient (mdx) mice and laminin-alpha2-deficient (dy) mice is ameliorated by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Green fluorescent protein (GFP) mice were used as donors. In mdx mice, BMT failed to produce any significant differences in muscle pathology, although some GFP-positive fibers with restored dystrophin expression were observed. In contrast, in the dy mice, BMT led to a significant increase in lifespan and an increase in growth rate, muscle strength, and respiratory function. We conclude that BMT improved outcome in dy mice but not mdx mice. 相似文献
108.
Ceramide kinase (CERK) is an enzyme that phosphorylates ceramide to produce ceramide 1-phosphate. Recently, evidence has emerged that CERK has a role in inflammatory signaling of immune cells. Since obesity is accompanied by chronic, low-grade inflammation, we examined whether CERK might be involved using CERK-null mice. We determined that CERK deficiency suppresses diet-induced increases in body weight, and improves glucose intolerance. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CERK deficiency attenuates MCP-1/CCR2 signaling in macrophages infiltrating the adipose tissue, resulting in the suppression of inflammation in adipocytes, which might otherwise lead to obesity and diabetes. 相似文献
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Miho Nara Kazuaki Teshima Atsushi Watanabe Mitsugu Ito Keiko Iwamoto Atsushi Kitabayashi Masaaki Kume Yoshiaki Hatano Naoto Takahashi Shinsuke Iida Kenichi Sawada Hiroyuki Tagawa 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Side population (SP) cells in cancers, including multiple myeloma, exhibit tumor-initiating characteristics. In the present study, we isolated SP cells from human myeloma cell lines and primary tumors to detect potential therapeutic targets specifically expressed in SP cells. We found that SP cells from myeloma cell lines (RPMI 8226, AMO1, KMS-12-BM, KMS-11) express CD138 and that non-SP cells include a CD138-negative population. Serial transplantation of SP and non-SP cells into NOD/Shi-scid IL-2γnul mice revealed that clonogenic myeloma SP cells are highly tumorigenic and possess a capacity for self-renewal. Gene expression analysis showed that SP cells from five MM cell lines (RPMI 8226, AMO1, KMS-12-BM, KMS-11, JJN3) express genes involved in the cell cycle and mitosis (e.g., CCNB1, CDC25C, CDC2, BIRC5, CENPE, SKA1, AURKB, KIFs, TOP2A, ASPM), polycomb (e.g., EZH2, EPC1) and ubiquitin-proteasome (e.g., UBE2D3, UBE3C, PSMA5) more strongly than do non-SP cells. Moreover, CCNB1, AURKB, EZH2 and PSMA5 were also upregulated in the SPs from eight primary myeloma samples. On that basis, we used an aurora kinase inhibitor (VX-680) and a proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib) with RPMI 8226 and AMO1 cells to determine whether these agents could be used to selectively target the myeloma SP. We found that both these drugs reduced the SP fraction, though bortezomib did so more effectively than VX-680 due to its ability to reduce levels of both phospho-histone H3 (p-hist. H3) and EZH2; VX-680 reduced only p-hist. H3. This is the first report to show that certain oncogenes are specifically expressed in the myeloma SP, and that bortezomib effectively downregulates expression of their products. Our approach may be useful for screening new agents with which to target a cell population possessing strong tumor initiating potential in multiple myeloma. 相似文献