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Terhi Vuorinen Anne-Marja Nerg Leena Syrjälä Petri Peltonen Jarmo K. Holopainen 《Arthropod-Plant Interactions》2007,1(3):159-165
The production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through the activation of different signal-transduction pathways may be
induced in various biotic and abiotic stress situations having importance e.g. in insect and disease resistance. We compared
the emission of VOCs emitted from silver birch Betula pendula Roth (clones 4 and 80) twigs damaged either by larvae of Epirrita autumnata, or infected with pathogenic leaf spot causing fungus Marssonina betulae. We also analysed whether local herbivore damage can systemically induce the release of VOCs from the undamaged top of same
sapling. The emissions of methylsalicylate (MeSA), (Z)-ocimene, (E)-β-ocimene, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) and linalool were induced from the twigs after 72 h feeding damage by E. autumnata larvae. However, 48 h feeding damage did not induce rapid systemic release of VOCs from undamaged top leaves of the same
twigs. Pathogen-infected birch twigs had significantly greater emission of (Z)-ocimene and (E)-β-ocimene than intact control twigs. The emission of DMNT was not significantly induced and MeSA was not found at all after
pathogen infection, both being significantly different from herbivore damaged twigs. According to our results leaf fungal
pathogen induces VOC emission profile differs from that of arthropod herbivore-damaged leaves, suggesting that birch is able
to transmit parasite-specific information via VOC emissions to conspecifics and natural enemies of herbivores.
Handling editor: Yvan Rahbé 相似文献
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Tom Swinfield Sabine Both Terhi Riutta Boris Bongalov Dafydd Elias Noreen Majalap‐Lee Nicholas Ostle Martin Svtek Jakub Kvasnica David Milodowski Tommaso Jucker Robert M. Ewers Yi Zhang David Johnson Yit Arn Teh David F. R. P. Burslem Yadvinder Malhi David Coomes 《Global Change Biology》2020,26(2):989-1002
Logging, pervasive across the lowland tropics, affects millions of hectares of forest, yet its influence on nutrient cycling remains poorly understood. One hypothesis is that logging influences phosphorus (P) cycling, because this scarce nutrient is removed in extracted timber and eroded soil, leading to shifts in ecosystem functioning and community composition. However, testing this is challenging because P varies within landscapes as a function of geology, topography and climate. Superimposed upon these trends are compositional changes in logged forests, with species with more acquisitive traits, characterized by higher foliar P concentrations, more dominant. It is difficult to resolve these patterns using traditional field approaches alone. Here, we use airborne light detection and ranging‐guided hyperspectral imagery to map foliar nutrient (i.e. P, nitrogen [N]) concentrations, calibrated using field measured traits, over 400 km2 of northeastern Borneo, including a landscape‐level disturbance gradient spanning old‐growth to repeatedly logged forests. The maps reveal that canopy foliar P and N concentrations decrease with elevation. These relationships were not identified using traditional field measurements of leaf and soil nutrients. After controlling for topography, canopy foliar nutrient concentrations were lower in logged forest than in old‐growth areas, reflecting decreased nutrient availability. However, foliar nutrient concentrations and specific leaf area were greatest in relatively short patches in logged areas, reflecting a shift in composition to pioneer species with acquisitive traits. N:P ratio increased in logged forest, suggesting reduced soil P availability through disturbance. Through the first landscape scale assessment of how functional leaf traits change in response to logging, we find that differences from old‐growth forest become more pronounced as logged forests increase in stature over time, suggesting exacerbated phosphorus limitation as forests recover. 相似文献
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