全文获取类型
收费全文 | 239篇 |
免费 | 19篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 18篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有258条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Ordination analysis and bioindices based on zoobenthos communities used to assess pollution of a lake in southern Finland 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The suitability of an ordination method, detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), was tested in assessing the degree of pollution of a large lake on the basis of the zoobenthos communities. Lake Etelä-Saimaa, in southern Finland, was originally oligotrophic but is now heavily loaded by effluents from the wood-processing industry. Comparison between areas was complicated by variation in the water depths of the lake sub-basins. A horizontal pollution gradient could, however, easily be detected by means of the DCA in both the profundal and sublittoral zones. The benthic quality index (BQI) based on the composition of the profundal chironomid fauna failed at some stations because the indicator species were lacking, despite enlargement of the indicator species pool. The BQI based on the oligochaetes could be calculated at almost all the stations. This index was modified by altering the empirical constants for two species. Diversity indices and the occurrences of single species had a limited value in the water quality assessment. The study concluded that DCA ordination is a powerful tool in evaluation of pollution. The method gives the best results when the sampling network is carefully planned and the material represents all sections of the underlying environmental gradients, e. g. a gradient from oligotrophy to eutrophy or heavy pollution. 相似文献
52.
Temperature and soil fertility as regulators of tree line Scots pine growth and survival—implications for the acclimation capacity of northern populations
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Global Change Biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Matti Rousi Boy J. M. H. Possen Seppo Ruotsalainen Tarja Silfver Juha Mikola 《Global Change Biology》2018,24(2):e545-e559
The acclimation capacity of leading edge tree populations is crucially important in a warming climate. Theoretical considerations suggest that adaptation through genetic change is needed, but this may be a slow process. Both positive and catastrophic outcomes have been predicted, while empirical studies have lagged behind theory development. Here we present results of a 30‐year study of 55,000 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees, planted in 15 common gardens in three consecutive years near and beyond the present Scots pine tree line. Our results show that, contrary to earlier predictions, even long‐distance transfers to the North can be successful when soil fertility is high. This suggests that present northern populations have a very high acclimation capacity. We also found that while temperature largely controls Scots pine growth, soil nutrient availability plays an important role—in concert with interpopulation genetic variation—in Scots pine survival and fitness in tree line conditions. These results suggest that rapid range expansions and substantial growth enhancements of Scots pine are possible in fertile sites as seed production and soil nutrient mineralization are both known to increase under a warming climate. Finally, as the ontogenetic pattern of tree mortality was highly site specific and unpredictable, our results emphasize the need for long‐term field trials when searching for the factors that control fitness of trees in the variable edaphic and climatic conditions of the far North. 相似文献
53.
Kati Karhula Tarja Hakola Aki Koskinen Anneli Ojajärvi Mika Kivimäki Mikko Härmä 《Chronobiology international》2018,35(6):785-794
ABSTRACTWe aimed to study whether permanent night workers sleep and psychosocial factors differ from day workers and shift workers. The participants (n = 9 312, 92% females, average age 45 years, most commonly nurses and departmental secretaries) were day workers (DW, n = 2 672), shift workers (SW, n = 6 486) and permanent night workers (PNW, n = 154). The Finnish Public Sector survey responses from six hospital districts from 2012 were combined to payroll data from 91 days preceding the survey. The data were analyzed using Pearson χ2-test, one-way ANOVA and multinomial logistic regression analysis. The PNWs reported slightly longer average sleep length than the SWs or the DWs (7:27 vs. 7:13 and 7:10 h, p < 0.001). The PNWs reported least often difficulties in maintaining sleep (p < 0.001) compared to the SWs and the DWs. The PNWs reported most often difficulties to fall asleep and fatigue during free-time (p-values <0.001). The DWs and PNWs experienced less often work-life conflict than the SWs (25 and 26 vs. 38%, p < 0.001). The PNWs were more often satisfied with autonomy at work and appreciation and fair treatment by colleagues than the DWs or the SWs (p < 0.001). The SWs and PNWs reported remarkably higher occurrence of verbal (p < 0.001, OR 3.71, 95% CI 3.23–4.27 and OR 7.67, 95% CI 5.35–10.99, respectively) and physical workplace violence (p < 0.001, OR 9.24, 95% CI 7.17–11.90 and OR 28.34, 95% CI 16.64–43.06, respectively) compared to DWs. Conclusively, PNWs reported contradictory differences in sleep quality compared to DWs and SWs. PNWs are more often satisfied with their colleagues and autonomy at work than DWs or SWs but face workplace violence remarkably more often. 相似文献
54.
Ziegfrid G. Gritchenko Lyudmila M. Ivanova Yurii A. Panteleev Natalya A. Tishkova Tarja K. Ikäheimonen Erkki Ilus Ritva Saxen 《Hydrobiologia》1996,322(1-3):125-128
In August 1992 a joint Russian-Finnish expedition was arranged to the NW part of Lake Ladoga to study radioactive contamination in the region. Special attention was paid to the area surrounding the Heinämaa Islands, where the wreck of the former mine carrier ship Kit had been lying about 30 years before it was moved to Novaya Zemlya in 1991. During this period the wreck had been used as a store for radioactive waste containing principally 90Sr, 137Cs and 239,24OPu. Lake water, bottom sediment and some biological samples were collected for strontium, plutonium and gammaspectrometric analyses. In all the samples the radioactivity concentrations were very low, indicating radioactive contamination of about the same level as caused by global fallout in the 1960's and the Chernobyl fallout in the area. Only in two water samples taken close to the former site of the wreck slightly elevated 239,240Pu concentrations were detected. The great water volume of Lake Ladoga and effective water exchange at the wreck site may explain the very low levels of radioactive wastes detected in the aquatic environment. 相似文献
55.
Stefan Gustafson Tomas Bj?rkman Nina Forsberg Thomas Lind Tarja Wikstr?m Kerstin Lidholt 《Glycoconjugate journal》1995,12(3):350-355
Immunohistochemical studies of the hyaluronan (HA)-receptor (R), originally found on liver endothelial cells (LEC) and related to the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), showed that polyclonal antibodies against HARLEC (HA receptor on LEC) also stain structures in mouse mastocytomas, mainly vessels. To test if intravenously administered HA might target the tumour receptorsin vivo, mice carrying an inoculated mastocytoma in one hind leg muscle were injected in the tail vein with125I-tyrosine (T)-labelled HA and killed 75 min after injection when organs and tissues were checked for radioactivity. When doses exceeding the binding capacity of the liver were injected, a significant increase in radioactivity (up to five-fold) within the tumour tissue was found. The weight adjusted difference between control and tumour tissue was greater for smaller tumours, probably due to necrosis in the larger. HA-staining of tumours from animals receiving125I-T-HA, showed HA in areas that also stained weakly for ICAM-1 using monoclonal antibodies. ICAM-1 staining was dramatically increased after hyaluronidase treatment of the sections, indicating that the HA is bound to these receptors and thereby blocks antibody recognition.Abbreviations ICAM-1
intercellular adhesion molecule 1
- HA
hyaluronan
- HARLEC
hyaluronan receptor on liver endothelial cells
- MW
molecular weight 相似文献
56.
Jon E. Levine Patrick Chappell Leslie M. Besecke Angela C. Bauer-Dantoin Andrew M. Wolfe Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen Janice H. Urban 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》1995,15(1):117-139
Summary 1. A variety of neuroendocrine approaches has been used to characterize cellular mechanisms governing luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) pulse generation. We review recentin vivo microdialysis,in vitro superfusion, andin situ hybridization experiments in which we tested the hypothesis that the amplitude and frequency of LHRH pulses are subject to independent regulation via distinct and identifiable cellular pathways.2. Augmentation of LHRH pulse amplitude is proposed as a central feature of preovulatory LHRH surges. Three mechanisms are described which may contribute to this increase in LHRH pulse amplitude: (a) increased LHRH gene expression, (b) augmentation of facilitatory neurotransmission, and (c) increased responsiveness of LHRH neurons to afferent synaptic signals. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is examined as a prototypical afferent transmitter regulating the generation of LHRH surges through the latter two mechanisms.3. Retardation of LHRH pulse generator frequency is postulated to mediate negative feedback actions of gonadal hormones. Evidence supporting this hypothesis is reviewed, including results ofin vivo monitoring experiments in which LHRH pulse frequency, but not amplitude, is shown to be increased following castration. A role for noradrenergic neurons as intervening targets of gonadal hormone negative feedback actions is discussed.4. Future directions for study of the LHRH pulse generator are suggested. 相似文献
57.
58.
Marjo K. Hyt?nen Meharji Arumilli Anu K. Lappalainen Marta Owczarek-Lipska Vidhya Jagannathan Sruthi Hundi Elina Salmela Patrick Venta Eva Sarkiala Tarja Jokinen Daniela Gorgas Juha Kere Pekka Nieminen Cord Dr?gemüller Hannes Lohi 《PLoS genetics》2016,12(5)
One to two percent of all children are born with a developmental disorder requiring pediatric hospital admissions. For many such syndromes, the molecular pathogenesis remains poorly characterized. Parallel developmental disorders in other species could provide complementary models for human rare diseases by uncovering new candidate genes, improving the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and opening possibilities for therapeutic trials. We performed various experiments, e.g. combined genome-wide association and next generation sequencing, to investigate the clinico-pathological features and genetic causes of three developmental syndromes in dogs, including craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO), a previously undescribed skeletal syndrome, and dental hypomineralization, for which we identified pathogenic variants in the canine SLC37A2 (truncating splicing enhancer variant), SCARF2 (truncating 2-bp deletion) and FAM20C (missense variant) genes, respectively. CMO is a clinical equivalent to an infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease), for which SLC37A2 is a new candidate gene. SLC37A2 is a poorly characterized member of a glucose-phosphate transporter family without previous disease associations. It is expressed in many tissues, including cells of the macrophage lineage, e.g. osteoclasts, and suggests a disease mechanism, in which an impaired glucose homeostasis in osteoclasts compromises their function in the developing bone, leading to hyperostosis. Mutations in SCARF2 and FAM20C have been associated with the human van den Ende-Gupta and Raine syndromes that include numerous features similar to the affected dogs. Given the growing interest in the molecular characterization and treatment of human rare diseases, our study presents three novel physiologically relevant models for further research and therapy approaches, while providing the molecular identity for the canine conditions. 相似文献
59.
BVOC Emissions From a Subarctic Ecosystem,as Controlled by Insect Herbivore Pressure and Temperature
Ghimire Rajendra P. Silfver Tarja Myller Kristiina Oksanen Elina Holopainen Jarmo K. Mikola Juha 《Ecosystems》2022,25(4):872-891
Ecosystems - The biogenic volatile organic compounds, BVOCs have a central role in ecosystem–atmosphere interactions. High-latitude ecosystems are facing increasing temperatures and insect... 相似文献
60.
Annina Lyly Carina von Schantz Tarja Salonen Outi Kopra Jani Saarela Matti Jauhiainen Aija Kyttälä Anu Jalanko 《BMC cell biology》2007,8(1):1-14