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141.
142.
Tetsuro Tamaki Yoshiyasu Uchiyama Yoshinori Okada Kayoko Tono Masahiro Nitta Akio Hoshi Akira Akatsuka 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2009,132(1):59-70
Tissue inflammation and multiple cellular responses in the compensatory enlarged plantaris (OP Plt) muscle induced by surgical
ablation of synergistic muscles (soleus and gastrocnemius) were followed over 10 weeks after surgery. Contralateral surgery
was performed in adult Wistar male rats. Cellular responses in muscle fibers, blood vessels and nerve fibers were analyzed
by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Severe muscle fiber damage and disappearance of capillaries associated with
apparent tissue edema were observed in the peripheral portion of OP Plt muscles during the first week, whereas central portions
were relatively preserved. Marked cell activation/proliferation was also mainly observed in peripheral portions. Similarly,
activated myogenic cells were seen not only inside but also outside of muscle fibers. The former were likely satellite cells
and the latter may be interstitial myogenic cells. One week after surgery, small muscle fibers, small arteries and capillaries
and several branched-muscle fibers were evident in the periphery, thus indicating new muscle fiber and blood vessel formation.
Proliferating cells were also detected in the nerve bundles in the Schwann cell position. These results indicate that the
compensatory stimulated/enlarged muscle is a suitable model for analyzing multiple physiological cellular responses in muscle–nerve–blood
vessel units under continuous stretch stimulation.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
143.
Rebecca T. Kimball Edward L. Braun F. Keith Barker Rauri C.K. Bowie Michael J. Braun Jena L. Chojnowski Shannon J. Hackett Kin-Lan Han John Harshman Victoria Heimer-Torres Wallace Holznagel Christopher J. Huddleston Ben D. Marks Kathleen J. Miglia William S. Moore Sushma Reddy Frederick H. Sheldon Jordan V. Smith Christopher C. Witt Tamaki Yuri 《Molecular phylogenetics and evolution》2009,50(3):654-660
144.
145.
Hoashi T Muller J Vieira WD Rouzaud F Kikuchi K Tamaki K Hearing VJ 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2006,281(30):21198-21208
Over 125 pigmentation-related genes have been identified to date. Of those, PMEL17/GP100 has been widely studied as a melanoma-specific antigen as well as a protein required for the formation of fibrils in melanosomes. PMEL17 is synthesized, glycosylated, processed, and delivered to melanosomes, allowing them to mature from amorphous round vesicles to elongated fibrillar structures. In contrast to other melanosomal proteins such as TYR and TYRP1, the processing and sorting of PMEL17 is highly complex. Monoclonal antibody HMB45 is commonly used for melanoma detection, but has the added advantage that it specifically reacts with sialylated PMEL17 in the fibrillar matrix in melanosomes. In this study, we generated mutant forms of PMEL17 to clarify the subdomain of PMEL17 required for formation of the fibrillar matrix, a process critical to pigmentation. The internal proline/serine/threonine-rich repeat domain (called the RPT domain) of PMEL17 undergoes variable proteolytic cleavage. Deletion of the RPT domain abolished its recognition by HMB45 and its capacity to form fibrils. Truncation of the C-terminal domain did not significantly affect the processing or trafficking of PMEL17, but, in contrast, deletion of the N-terminal domain abrogated both. We conclude that the RPT domain is essential for its function in generating the fibrillar matrix of melanosomes and that the luminal domain is necessary for its correct processing and trafficking to those organelles. 相似文献
146.
Saito A Miyauchi N Hashimoto T Karasawa T Han GD Kayaba M Sumi T Tomita M Ikezumi Y Suzuki K Koitabashi Y Shimizu F Kawachi H 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2011,300(2):R340-R348
The slit diaphragm connecting the adjacent foot processes of glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) is the final barrier of the glomerular capillary wall and serves to prevent proteinuria. Podocytes are understood to be terminally differentiated cells and share some common features with neurons. Neurexin is a presynaptic adhesion molecule that plays a role in synaptic differentiation. Although neurexin has been understood to be specifically expressed in neuronal tissues, we found that neurexin was expressed in several organs. Several forms of splice variants of neurexin-1α were detected in the cerebrum, but only one form of neurexin-1α was detected in glomeruli. Immunohistochemical study showed that neurexin restrictedly expressed in the podocytes in kidneys. Dual-labeling analyses showed that neurexin was colocalized with CD2AP, an intracellular component of the slit diaphragm. Immunoprecipitation assay using glomerular lysate showed that neurexin interacted with CD2AP and CASK. These observations indicated that neurexin localized at the slit diaphragm area. The staining intensity of neurexin in podocytes was clearly lowered, and their staining pattern shifted to a more discontinuous patchy pattern in the disease models showing severe proteinuria. The expression and localization of neurexin in these models altered more clearly and rapidly than that of other slit diaphragm components. We propose that neurexin is available as an early diagnostic marker to detect podocyte injury. Neurexin coincided with nephrin, a key molecule of the slit diaphragm detected in a presumptive podocyte of the developing glomeruli and in the glomeruli for which the slit diaphragm is repairing injury. These observations suggest that neurexin is involved in the formation of the slit diaphragm and the maintenance of its function. 相似文献
147.
Wei T Miyazaki N Uehara-Ichiki T Hibino H Shimizu T Netsu O Kikuchi A Sasaya T Iwasaki K Omura T 《Journal of molecular biology》2011,410(3):436-446
Examination of cultured insect vector cells that had been infected with Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV), using transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy, revealed the presence of clusters of virus-coated mitochondria around viroplasms in which replication and assembly of RGDV occurred, suggesting a role for mitochondria in supplying the energy required for viral morphogenetic processes. Electron tomography revealed that RGDV particles on the surface of mitochondria are arrayed in an orderly but loose manner, unlike tightly packaged particles in vesicular compartments, suggesting the presence of counterpart molecules on the surface of mitochondria. The viral particles in close proximity to mitochondria were aligned along intermediate filaments, which might serve as scaffolds for the anchorage of these particles. RGDV has a putative mitochondrion-targeting sequence on the outer surface of the outer-capsid protein P8. The arrangement of RGDV particles around mitochondria suggests that the region of the P8 protein containing the mitochondrion-targeting sequence might attach to a molecule like a receptor on the outer mitochondrial membrane. Our analysis demonstrates the three-dimensional arrangement and molecular basis for the mitochondrial proximity of RGDV particles during viral replication. 相似文献
148.
149.
Itsushi Hayashida Yoshimi Tanimoto Yuka Takahashi Toshiyuki Kusabiraki Junko Tamaki 《PloS one》2014,9(11)