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101.
Ayaka Endo Akio Kawamura Hiroaki Miyata Shigetaka Noma Masahiro Suzuki Takashi Koyama Shiro Ishikawa Susumu Nakagawa Shunsuke Takagi Yohei Numasawa Keiichi Fukuda Shun Kohsaka JCD-KICS Investigators 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Objective
We devised a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) scoring system based on angiographic lesion complexity and assessed its association with in-hospital complications.Background
Although PCI is finding increasing application in patients with coronary artery disease, lesion complexity can lead to in-hospital complications.Methods
Data from 3692 PCI patients were scored based on lesion complexity, defined by bifurcation, chronic total occlusion, type C, and left main lesion, along with acute thrombus in the presence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (1 point assigned for each variable).Results
The patients’ mean age was 67.5 +/- 10.8 years; 79.8% were male. About half of the patients (50.3%) presented with an acute coronary syndrome, and 2218 (60.1%) underwent PCI for at least one complex lesion. The patients in the higher-risk score groups were older (p < 0.001) and had present or previous heart failure (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). Higher-risk score groups had significantly higher in-hospital event rates for death, heart failure, and cardiogenic shock (from 0 to 4 risk score; 1.7%, 4.5%, 6.3%, 7.1%, 40%, p < 0.001); bleeding with a hemoglobin decrease of >3.0 g/dL (3.1%, 11.0%, 13.1%, 10.3%, 28.6%, p < 0.001); and postoperative myocardial infarction (1.5%, 3.1%, 3.8%, 3.8%, 10%, p = 0.004), respectively. The association with adverse outcomes persisted after adjustment for known clinical predictors (odds ratio 1.72, p < 0.001).Conclusion
The complexity score was cumulatively associated with in-hospital mortality and complication rate and could be used for event prediction in PCI patients. 相似文献102.
Olga Perovic Samantha Iyaloo Ranmini Kularatne Warren Lowman Noma Bosman Jeannette Wadula Sharona Seetharam Adriano Duse Nontombi Mbelle Colleen Bamford Halima Dawood Yesholata Mahabeer Prathna Bhola Shareef Abrahams Ashika Singh-Moodley 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Introduction
We aimed to obtain an in-depth understanding on recent antimicrobial resistance trends and molecular epidemiology trends of S. aureus bacteraemia (SAB).Methods
Thirteen academic centres in South Africa were included from June 2010 until July 2012. S. aureus susceptibility testing was performed on the MicroScan Walkaway. Real-time PCR using the LightCycler 480 II was done for mecA and nuc. SCCmec and spa-typing were finalized with conventional PCR. We selected one isolate per common spa type per province for multilocus sequence typing (MLST).Results
S. aureus from 2709 patients were included, and 1231 (46%) were resistant to methicillin, with a significant decline over the three-year period (p-value = 0.003). Geographical distribution of MRSA was significantly higher in Gauteng compared to the other provinces (P<0.001). Children <5 years were significantly associated with MRSA with higher rates compared to all other age groups (P = 0.01). The most prevalent SCCmec type was SCCmec type III (531 [41%]) followed by type IV (402 [31%]). Spa-typing discovered 47 different spa-types. The five (87%) most common spa-types were t037, t1257, t045, t064 and t012. Based on MLST, the commonest was ST612 clonal complex (CC8) (n = 7) followed by ST5 (CC5) (n = 4), ST36 (CC30) (n = 4) and ST239 (CC8) (n = 3).Conclusions
MRSA rate is high in South Africa. Majority of the isolates were classified as SCCmec type III (41%) and type IV (31%), which are typically associated with hospital and community- acquired infections, respectively. Overall, this study reveals the presence of a variety of hospital-acquired MRSA clones in South Africa dominance of few clones, spa 037 and 1257. Monitoring trends in resistance and molecular typing is recommended to detect changing epidemiological trends in AMR patterns of SAB. 相似文献103.
Cumulative Incidence and Predictors of Progression in Corticosteroid-Na?ve Patients with Sarcoidosis
Yusuke Inoue Naoki Inui Dai Hashimoto Noriyuki Enomoto Tomoyuki Fujisawa Yutaro Nakamura Takafumi Suda 《PloS one》2015,10(11)
Background
Assessment of the clinical course of sarcoidosis requires long-term observation. However, the appropriate period of follow-up for sarcoidosis remains unclear, especially in patients without indication of corticosteroid therapy at the time of diagnosis.Objective
This study aimed to clarify the cumulative incidence and identify risk factors for disease progression in corticosteroid-naïve sarcoidosis patients.Methods
The clinical courses of 150 Japanese patients with sarcoidosis, who were followed for more than 2 years and had no indication for corticosteroid therapy at diagnosis, were retrospectively reviewed. Disease progression was defined as worsening of pulmonary sarcoidosis, development of new organ involvement, or extrapulmonary organ damage. The cumulative incidence of progression was estimated by generating a cumulative incidence curve with the Fine and Gray method.Results
The median follow-up duration was 7.7 years (interquartile range, 4.7–13.6 years). Thirty-two (21%) patients experienced disease progression. New organ involvement appeared in 16 patients (11%). The 6-month, and 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year cumulative incidence of progression was 2%, 5%, 15%, 28%, and 31%, respectively. The number of organs involved at diagnosis was an independent predictor for progression with a multifactorial adjusted hazard ratio of 1.71 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–2.62). The optimal cut-off of the number of organs involved at diagnosis to identify future progression was three.Conclusions
In corticosteroid-naïve sarcoidosis patients, the risks of disease progression are comparable from 0–5 years and 5–10 years after diagnosis. The number of organs involved at diagnosis is a useful predictor for progression of sarcoidosis. 相似文献104.
We demonstrate a new analytical X-ray computed tomography technique for visualizing and quantifying the mass density of materials comprised of low atomic number elements with unknown atomic ratios. The mass density was obtained from the experimentally observed ratio of the imaginary and real parts of the complex X-ray refractive index. An empirical linear relationship between the X-ray mass attenuation coefficient of the materials and X-ray energy was found for X-ray energies between 8 keV and 30 keV. The mass density image of two polymer fibers was quantified using the proposed technique using a scanning-type X-ray microbeam computed tomography system equipped with a wedge absorber. The reconstructed mass density agrees well with the calculated one. 相似文献
105.
Hiroki Otani Hiromasa Yamamoto Munenori Takaoka Masakiyo Sakaguchi Junichi Soh Masaru Jida Tsuyoshi Ueno Takafumi Kubo Hiroaki Asano Kazunori Tsukuda Katsuyuki Kiura Shinji Hatakeyama Eiji Kawahara Yoshio Naomoto Shinichiro Miyoshi Shinichi Toyooka 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
TAE226, a bis-anilino pyrimidine compound, has been developed as an inhibitor of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR). In this study, we investigated the effect of TAE226 on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially focusing on the EGFR mutational status. TAE226 was more effective against cells with mutant EGFR, including the T790M mutant, than against cells with wild-type one. TAE226 preferentially inhibited phospho-EGFR and its downstream signaling mediators in the cells with mutant EGFR than in those with wild-type one. Phosphorylation of FAK and IGF-IR was not inhibited at the concentration at which the proliferation of EGFR-mutant cells was inhibited. Results of the in vitro binding assay indicated significant differences in the affinity for TAE226 between the wild-type and L858R (or delE746_A750) mutant, and the reduced affinity of ATP to the L858R (or delE746_A750) mutant resulted in good responsiveness of the L858R (or delE746_A750) mutant cells to TAE226. Of interest, the L858R/T790M or delE746_A750/T790M mutant enhanced the binding affinity for TAE226 compared with the L858R or delE746_A750 mutant, resulting in the effectiveness of TAE226 against T790M mutant cells despite the T790M mutation restoring the ATP affinity for the mutant EGFR close to that for the wild-type. TAE226 also showed higher affinity of about 15-fold for the L858R/T790M mutant than for the wild-type one by kinetic interaction analysis. The anti-tumor effect against EGFR-mutant tumors including T790M mutation was confirmed in mouse models without any significant toxicity. In summary, we showed that TAE226 inhibited the activation of mutant EGFR and exhibited anti-proliferative activity against NSCLCs carrying EGFR mutations, including T790M mutation. 相似文献
106.
107.
Yoshiaki Tsuda Haruo Sawada Takafumi Ohsawa Katsuhiro Nakao Hiroki Nishikawa Yuji Ide 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2010,6(3):377-387
We evaluated the genetic structure of 16 Betula maximowicziana populations in the Chichibu mountain range, central Japan, located within a 25-km radius; all but two populations were at
altitudes of 1,100–1,400 m. The results indicate the effects of geographic topology on the landscape genetic structure of
the populations and should facilitate the development of local-scale strategies to conserve and manage them. Analyses involving
11 nuclear simple sequence repeat loci showed that most populations had similar intrapopulation genetic diversity parameters.
Population differentiation (F
ST = 0.021, G′ST = 0.033) parameters for the populations examined were low but were relatively high compared to those obtained in a previous
study covering populations in a much larger area with a radius of approximately 1,000 km (F
ST = 0.062, G′ST = 0.102). Three populations (Iriyama, Kanayamasawa, and Nishizawa) were differentiated from the other populations by Monmonier’s
and spatial analysis of molecular variance algorithms or by STRUCTURE analysis. Since a high mountain ridge (nearly 2,000 m)
separates the Kanayamasawa and Nishizawa populations from the other 14 populations and the Kanayamasawa and Nishizawa populations
are themselves separated by another mountain ridge, the genetic structure appears to be partly due to mountain ridges acting
as genetic barriers and restricting gene flow. However, the Iriyama population is genetically different but not separated
by any clear geographic barrier. These results show that the landscape genetic structure is complex in the mountain range
and we need to pay attention, within landscape genetic studies and conservation programs, to geographic barriers and local
population differentiation. 相似文献
108.
Hiroyuki Matsuda Yasutaka Kurata Satoshi Matsuoka Akinori Noma 《Progress in biophysics and molecular biology》2010,103(1):102-110
We aimed to study kinetics of modulation by intracellular Mg2+ of cardiac gap junction (Mg2+ gate). Paired myocytes of guinea-pig ventricle were superfused with solutions containing various concentrations of Mg2+. In order to rapidly apply Mg2+ to one aspect of the gap junction, the non-junctional membrane of one of the pair was perforated at nearly the connecting site by pulses of nitrogen laser beam. The gap junction conductance (Gj) was measured by clamping the membrane potential of the other cell using two-electrode voltage clamp method. The laser perforation immediately increased Gj, followed by slow Gj change with time constant of 3.5 s at 10 mM Mg2+. Mg2+ more than 1.0 mM attenuated dose-dependently the gap junction conductance and lower Mg2+ (0.6 mM) increased Gj with a Hill coefficient of 3.4 and a half-maximum effective concentration of 0.6 mM. The time course of Gj changes was fitted by single exponential function, and the relationship between the reciprocal of time constant and Mg2+ concentration was almost linear. Based on the experimental data, a mathematical model of Mg2+ gate with one open state and three closed states well reproduced experimental results. One-dimensional cable model of thirty ventricular myocytes connected to the Mg2+ gate model suggested a pivotal role of the Mg2+ gate of gap junction under pathological conditions. 相似文献
109.