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101.
Takahide Hosokawa 《Plant Ecology》1958,8(2):65-92
Conclusion and summary The author discussed the floristic and vegetational differences (a) between Formosa and the Philippines, especially between Botel Tobago and Formosa, (b) between Formosa and Continental China, (c) between Japan proper and Continental China together with Corea, Mandschuria and the eastern part of Siberia, (d) between Formosa and Japan proper, and then he discussed (e) the flora of the Liukius, especially the differences between the Yaeyama Islands and Formosa as well as between Yaku Shima and the Amami Islands. In addition he briefly outlined the vegetation of Formosa and Japan, especially the altitudinal distribution of various forest-communities.The conclusions confirmed the floristic discontinuity between Formosa and the Philippines already set forth by E. D. Merrill and several other botanists. Concerning the phytogeographical position of Botel Tobago, the writer confirms the opinion of T. Kano and R. Kanehira that the flora of Botel Tobago is an extension of that of the Batan-Babuyan Islands, the northern border of the Philippines.The floristic close-relation between Japan proper and Continental China is evident from the phytogeographical distribution of the genera of higher plants found in Japan.Data show that the Formosan flora, especially of the highland, is more closely related to the south-western part of China, and also to the Himalayan region, than to the other surrounding regions.The writer considers that the relationship of the flora of Japan proper to that of Formosa is rather weak. He thinks, however, that their floras and vegetations are related to each other through their mutual relation to the lowland and lower montane flora of Continental China situated besides both of them.It is concluded that the flora of the Liukius is an extension of the Formosan flora, judging by the distribution of the genera and species. Looking over the Japan-Liukiu-Formosa area, a conspicuous floristic and synchorological discontinuity is recognized between Yaku Shima and the Amami Islands, and it is conceivable that the Yaku Shima flora is a south-western extension of the flora of Kyushu or Japan proper, as well as the vegetation of Yaku Shima is closely related essentially to that of Japan proper.The writer and his cooperators adopted a new name of Ardisieto-Shiietum Sieboldi to the Shiia forest of Yaku Shima.The writer is unable to make any synchorological or plant-sociological precise comparison between Japan and Continental China along with the eastern part of Siberia and moreover between Formosa and Continental China, because of few or no plant-sociological detailed data of the continental area in the Far Eastern Asia.The author delivered a special lecture on this subject before the botany class in the National Taiwan University, Taipei, Formosa (Taiwan), on December 4th 1953. — Contributions from the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, No. 38. 相似文献
102.
103.
Chen Xia Keiichi Higuchi Motoyuki Shimizu Takatoshi Matsushita Kumiko Kogishi Jing Wang Takuya Chiba Michael F.W. Festing Masanori Hosokawa 《Mammalian genome》1999,10(3):235-238
The Senescence-Accelerated Mouse (SAM) strains constitute a murine model of accelerated senescence originating from the ancestral
AKR/J strains and consist of nine senescence-prone (SAMP) strains and four senescence-resistant (SAMR) strains. The chromosomes
(Chrs) of the SAM strains were typed with 581 microsatellite markers amplified by PCR, and the fundamental genetic information
of the SAM strains was obtained. One-third of the examined markers displayed polymorphism among the strains, and only two
alleles were detected in almost all loci among the SAM and AKR/J strains. However, in 12 loci (5.6% of total 215 polymorphic
markers), the third allele was detected among the SAM strains. The genetic typing and developmental history suggested that
the SAM strains were related inbred strains developed by the accidental crossing between the AKR/J strain and other unknown
strain(s). Comparison of the distribution of the loci in the SAMP and the SAMR series revealed notable differences in the
four regions on Chrs 4, 14, 16, and 17. This indicated that some of these chromosomal sites might contain the genes responsible
for accelerated senescence in the SAMP series.
Received: 17 July 1998 / Accepted: 17 November 1998 相似文献
104.
A Momoi K Murao H Imachi Y Sayo H Nakamura H Hosokawa M Sato J Fujita H Okada T Ishida J Takahara 《FEBS letters》1999,452(3):301-304
The chemokine RANTES is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils. RANTES is produced by lung epithelial cells during eosinophil-rich inflammatory diseases such as asthma. In this study, we examined the effects of thiazolidinediones (TZD) on RANTES expression in a human lung epithelial cell line, A549. In A549 cells, interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced endogenous RANTES protein secretion, mRNA expression, and promoter activity. The TZD inhibited these effects. Our data indicate that the suppression of the expression of RANTES can be accomplished by TZD treatment, raising the possibility that TZD might be of therapeutic value in diseases such as asthma. 相似文献
105.
Thiazolidinedione inhibits the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in cytokine-treated human vascular endothelial cells. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
K Murao H Imachi A Momoi Y Sayo H Hosokawa M Sato T Ishida J Takahara 《FEBS letters》1999,454(1-2):27-30
The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is a potent chemoattractant for monocytes. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is produced by vascular endothelial cells during inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined the effects of a thiazolidinedione on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. In human vascular endothelial cells, interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced endogenous monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 protein secretion, mRNA expression and promoter activity. The thiazolidinedione inhibited these effects. In summary, our results indicated that the suppression of the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 can be accomplished by thiazolidinedione treatment, raising the possibility that thiazolidinedione may be of therapeutic value in the treatment of diseases such as atherosclerosis. 相似文献
106.
Determination of Abundance and Biovolume of Bacteria in Sediments by Dual Staining with 4′,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole and Acridine Orange: Relationship to Dispersion Treatment and Sediment Characteristics
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We measured the abundance and biovolume of bacteria in intertidal sediments from Tokyo Bay, Japan, by using a dual-staining technique (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and acridine orange) and several dispersion techniques (ultrasonic cleaner, ultrasonic sonicator, and tissue homogenizer). Dual staining reduced serious background fluorescence, particularly when used for silt-, clay-, and detritus-rich sediments, and allowed us to distinguish bacteria from other objects during both counting and sizing. Within the studied samples, the number of bacterial cells ranged from 0.20 × 109 to 3.54 × 109 g of wet sediment−1. With the cleaner and sonicator treatments, the bacterial numbers for all of the sites initially increased with dispersion time and then became constant. For the homogenizer treatments, the highest bacterial numbers were observed with the shortest (0.5- to 2-min) treatments, and the counts then declined steeply as the homogenization time increased, indicating that cell destruction occurred. The cleaner treatment had the possibility of insufficient dispersion of bacteria for fine-grain sediments. Within the studied samples, the bacterial biovolume ranged from 0.07 to 0.22 μm3. With the cleaner and sonicator treatments, the biovolume peaked during the shorter dispersion time. This pattern was caused not by cell destruction but by the incremental portion of dispersed small cells. We concluded that with the cleaner and sonicator treatments, the longer dispersion time reflected the real size spectrum and was preferable for accurate estimation of mean bacterial biovolumes. 相似文献
107.
Vigna mungo seeds. SEP activity was separated into two isoforms by CM-cellulose column chromatography. These forms, termed SEP-1 and
SEP-II, showed endopeptidase activities even at acidic pH, suggesting that SEPs are unique serine endopeptidases, since most
serine proteases are optimum at neutral pH.
Received 14 December 1998/ Accepted in revised form 22 February 1999 相似文献
108.
Phosphorylation and/or Presence of Serine 37 in the Movement Protein of Tomato Mosaic Tobamovirus Is Essential for Intracellular Localization and Stability In Vivo
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Shigeki Kawakami Hal S. Padgett Daijiro Hosokawa Yoshimi Okada Roger N. Beachy Yuichiro Watanabe 《Journal of virology》1999,73(8):6831-6840
The P30 movement protein (MP) of tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV) is synthesized in the early stages of infection and is phosphorylated in vivo. Here, we determined that serine 37 and serine 238 in the ToMV MP are sites of phosphorylation. MP mutants in which serine was replaced by alanine at positions 37 and 238 (LQ37A238A) or at position 37 only (LQ37A) were not phosphorylated, and mutant viruses did not infect tobacco or tomato plants. By contrast, mutation of serine 238 to alanine did not affect the infectivity of the virus (LQ238A). To investigate the subcellular localization of mutant MPs, we constructed viruses that expressed each mutant MP fused with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) of Aequorea victoria. Wild-type and mutant LQ238A MP fusion proteins showed distinct temporally regulated patterns of MP-GFP localization in protoplasts and formation of fluorescent ring-shaped infection sites on Nicotiana benthamiana. However mutant virus LQ37A MP-GFP did not show a distinct pattern of localization or formation of fluorescent rings. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that MP produced by mutant virus LQ37A was less stable than wild-type and LQ238A MPs. MP which contained threonine at position 37 was phosphorylated, but the stability of the MP in vivo was very low. These studies suggest that the presence of serine at position 37 or phosphorylation of serine 37 is essential for intracellular localization and stability of the MP, which is necessary for the protein to function. 相似文献
109.
Hideomi Itoh Yu Matsuura Takahiro Hosokawa Takema Fukatsu Yoshitomo Kikuchi 《Applied Entomology and Zoology》2017,52(1):51-59
A number of phytophagous stinkbugs are associated with specific bacterial symbionts in their alimentary tracts. The sloe bug Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus), a notorious pest of diverse crops, possesses a number of sac-like tissues, called crypts, in a posterior section of the midgut, wherein a specific bacterial symbiont colonizes. Here we characterized the symbiotic bacterium of D. baccarum by histological analysis, molecular phylogeny, and diagnostic PCR with a specific primer set. The cloning and sequencing analyses of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fluorescent in situ hybridization demonstrated that the sloe bug is associated with a single species of Gammaproteobacteria in the midgut crypts. Molecular phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested that the symbiont should be placed in the genus Pantoea of the Enterobacteriaceae. Diagnostic PCR and egg surface sterilization with formalin indicated the stinkbug vertically transmits the Pantoea symbiont via egg-smearing. The sterilization-produced aposymbiotic nymphs showed high mortality and no insects reached adulthood. In addition, the Pantoea symbiont was uncultivable outside the insect host, indicating an obligate and intimate host-symbiont association. 相似文献
110.
Sato S Kurihara T Kawamoto J Hosokawa M Sato SB Esaki N 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2008,12(6):753-761
An Antarctic psychrotrophic bacterium, Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10, produces cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LPUFA), as a component of membrane phospholipids
at low temperatures. The EPA-less mutant generated by disruption of the EPA synthesis gene becomes cold-sensitive. We studied
whether the cold sensitivity could be suppressed by supplementation of various LPUFAs. The EPA-less mutant was cultured at
6°C in the presence of synthetic phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) that contained oleic acid at the sn-1 position and various C20 fatty acids with different numbers of double bonds from zero to five or cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at the sn-2 position. Mass spectrometric analyses revealed that all these fatty acids became components of various PE and phosphatidylglycerol
species together with shorter partner fatty acids, indicating that large-scale remodeling followed the incorporation of synthetic
PEs. As the number of double bonds in the sn-2 acyl chain decreased, the growth rate decreased and the cells became filamentous. The growth was restored to the wild-type
level only when the medium was supplemented with phospholipids containing EPA or DHA. We found that about a half of DHA was
converted into EPA. The results suggest that intact EPA is best required for cold adaptation of this bacterium. 相似文献