排序方式: 共有24条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
This study presents data on over 350,000 insured Swedish dogs up to 10 years of age contributing to over one million dog-years
at risk (DYAR) during 1995–2000. A total of 43,172 dogs died or were euthanised and of these 72% had a claim with a diagnosis
for the cause of death. The overall total mortality was 393 deaths per 10,000 DYAR. Mortality rates are calculated for the
10 most common breeds, 10 breeds with high mortality and a group including all other breeds, crudely and for general causes
of death. Proportional mortality is presented for several classifications. Five general causes accounted for 62% of the deaths
with a diagnosis (i.e. tumour (18%), trauma (17%), locomotor (13%), heart (8%) and neurological (6%)). Mortality rates for
the five most common diagnoses within the general causes of death are presented. These detailed statistics on mortality can
be used in breed-specific strategies as well as for general health promotion programs. Further details on survival and relative
risk by breed and age are presented in the companion paper [14]. 相似文献
13.
14.
Expression in Arabidopsis and cellular localization reveal involvement of rice NRAMP,OsNRAMP1, in arsenic transport and tolerance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
MANISH TIWARI DEEPIKA SHARMA SANJAY DWIVEDI MUNNA SINGH RUDRA DEO TRIPATHI PRABODH KUMAR TRIVEDI 《Plant, cell & environment》2014,37(1):140-152
Irrigation of paddy fields to arsenic (As) containing groundwater leads to As accumulation in rice grains and causes serious health risk to the people worldwide. To reduce As intake via consumption of contaminated rice grain, identification of the mechanisms for As accumulation and detoxification in rice is a prerequisite. Herein, we report involvement of a member of rice NRAMP (Natural Resistance‐Associated Macrophage Protein) transporter, OsNRAMP1, in As, in addition to cadmium (Cd), accumulation through expression in yeast and Arabidopsis. Expression of OsNRAMP1 in yeast mutant (fet3fet4) rescued iron (Fe) uptake and exhibited enhanced accumulation of As and Cd. Expression of OsNRAMP1 in Arabidopsis provided tolerance with enhanced As and Cd accumulation in root and shoot. Cellular localization revealed that OsNRAMP1 resides on plasma membrane of endodermis and pericycle cells and may assist in xylem loading for root to shoot mobilization. This is the first report demonstrating role of NRAMP in xylem mediated loading and enhanced accumulation of As and Cd in plants. We propose that genetic modification of OsNRAMP1 in rice might be helpful in developing rice with low As and Cd content in grain and minimize the risk of food chain contamination to these toxic metals. 相似文献
15.
16.
Considering water pollution as a potential threat to some endemic cichlids of Lake Barombi Mbo, Cameroon, an investigation was done in 2011 to determine trace metals in its water, linking their uptake in gills and liver of fish to water chemistry. ICP-MS and ICP-OES analyses of trace metals based on total concentration of unfiltered lake water samples showed the presence of trace metals. All fish species accumulated Al, Mn and Sr in the highest concentrations in their gills, with Cu, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb and U highest in the liver. Pungu maclareni accumulated Al, Cr, Co, Sr and Pb in the highest concentrations. The highest mean gill Al concentration of 140 µg g?1 dry weight was measured in P. maclareni gills, this being one of the critically endangered cichlids of the lake. Stable isotope analyses of carbon δ13C and nitrogen δ15N showed that P. maclareni had the highest mean δ13C (?30.2‰) and highest concentrations of Cr, Co, Pb and U in liver, probably linking the carbon source to the accumulation of metals. Though trace metal levels in the lake water were low, their presence in fish tissues suggest they are bioavailable, bioaccumulate and may pose a threat to the aquatic biota, and therefore should be monitored. 相似文献
17.
TL Kieft EM Murphy DL Haldeman PS Amy BN Bjornstad EV McDonald DB Ringelberg DC White J Stair RP Griffiths TC Gsell WE Holben DR Boone 《Microbial ecology》1998,36(3):336-348
Abstract Two chronosequences of unsaturated, buried loess sediments, ranging in age from <10,000 years to >1 million years, were investigated to reconstruct patterns of microbial ecological succession that have occurred since sediment burial. The relative importance of microbial transport and survival to succession was inferred from sediment ages, porewater ages, patterns of abundance (measured by direct counts, counts of culturable cells, and total phospholipid fatty acids), activities (measured by radiotracer and enzyme assays), and community composition (measured by phospholipid fatty acid patterns and Biolog substrate usage). Core samples were collected at two sites 40 km apart in the Palouse region of eastern Washington State, near the towns of Washtucna and Winona. The Washtucna site was flooded multiple times during the Pleistocene by glacial outburst floods; the Winona site elevation is above flood stage. Sediments at the Washtucna site were collected from near surface to 14.9 m depth, where the sediment age was approximately 250 ka and the porewater age was 3700 years; sample intervals at the Winona site ranged from near surface to 38 m (sediment age: approximately 1 Ma; porewater age: 1200 years). Microbial abundance and activities declined with depth at both sites; however, even the deepest, oldest sediments showed evidence of viable microorganisms. Same-age sediments had equal quantities of microorganisms, but different community types. Differences in community makeup between the two sites can be attributed to differences in groundwater recharge and paleoflooding. Estimates of the microbial community age can be constrained by porewater and sediment ages. In the shallower sediments (<9 m at Washtucna, <12 m at Winona), the microbial communities are likely similar in age to the groundwater; thus, microbial succession has been influenced by recent transport of microorganisms from the surface. In the deeper sediments, the populations may be considerably older than the porewater ages, since microbial transport is severely restricted in unsaturated sediments. This is particularly true at the Winona site, which was never flooded. 相似文献
18.
19.
ROBIN ENGLER CHRISTOPHE F. RANDIN WILFRIED THUILLER STEFAN DULLINGER NIKLAUS E. ZIMMERMANN MIGUEL B. ARAÚJO PETER B. PEARMAN GWENAËLLE LE LAY CHRISTIAN PIEDALLU CÉCILE H. ALBERT PHILIPPE CHOLER GHEORGHE COLDEA XAVIER
De LAMO THOMAS DIRNBÖCK JEAN‐CLAUDE GÉGOUT DANIEL GÓMEZ‐GARCÍA JOHN‐ARVID GRYTNES EINAR HEEGAARD FRIDE HØISTAD DAVID NOGUÉS‐BRAVO SIGNE NORMAND MIHAI PUŞCAŞ MARIA‐TERESA SEBASTIÀ ANGELA STANISCI JEAN‐PAUL THEURILLAT MANDAR R. TRIVEDI PASCAL VITTOZ ANTOINE GUISAN 《Global Change Biology》2011,17(7):2330-2341
Continental‐scale assessments of 21st century global impacts of climate change on biodiversity have forecasted range contractions for many species. These coarse resolution studies are, however, of limited relevance for projecting risks to biodiversity in mountain systems, where pronounced microclimatic variation could allow species to persist locally, and are ill‐suited for assessment of species‐specific threat in particular regions. Here, we assess the impacts of climate change on 2632 plant species across all major European mountain ranges, using high‐resolution (ca. 100 m) species samples and data expressing four future climate scenarios. Projected habitat loss is greater for species distributed at higher elevations; depending on the climate scenario, we find 36–55% of alpine species, 31–51% of subalpine species and 19–46% of montane species lose more than 80% of their suitable habitat by 2070–2100. While our high‐resolution analyses consistently indicate marked levels of threat to cold‐adapted mountain florae across Europe, they also reveal unequal distribution of this threat across the various mountain ranges. Impacts on florae from regions projected to undergo increased warming accompanied by decreased precipitation, such as the Pyrenees and the Eastern Austrian Alps, will likely be greater than on florae in regions where the increase in temperature is less pronounced and rainfall increases concomitantly, such as in the Norwegian Scandes and the Scottish Highlands. This suggests that change in precipitation, not only warming, plays an important role in determining the potential impacts of climate change on vegetation. 相似文献
20.
Satish Kumar Rajasekhara Reddy Ravuri Padmaja Koneru BP Urade BN Sarkar A Chandrasekar VR Rao 《BMC evolutionary biology》2009,9(1):173-5