Geographic variation in Leporinus friderici (Bloch) (Pisces: Ostariophysi: Anostomidae) from the Paraná-Paraguay and Amazon River basins

Morphological variation among populations of Leporinus friderici (Bloch), an anostomid fish of widespread neotropical distribution, has been hypothesized but never conclusively demonstrated. We used multivariate procedures to examine patterns of morphometric variation among populations of L. friderici from three South American biogeographic regions: the Paraná-Paraguay River and Amazon River basins of Brazil, and the Marowijne River basin of Suriname. Samples from the southern Paraná-Paraguay basin are completely distinct from the northern Amazonian and Suriname regions in principal components analysis, primarily on the basis of body elongation and orbit differcnces. Samples from the two northern regions were separated in a size-free canonical variates analysis by differences in relative body depth. These results emphasize a need for further studies of neotropical fish species with similar distribution patterns.     

Seed Storage and Germination and Seedling Proliferation in Taro, Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott

Taro seeds maintained under c. 40 per cent r.h. and 22 ±2°C retained higher viability than those stored under otherexperimental conditions. Germination was more than 60 per centon a number of defined and undefined media. Rates above 80 percent were obtained on a greenhouse potting mix or its extractor distilled water with filter paper as a support. When maintainedin the dark, seedlings cultured in vitro on one of several definedmedia etiolated and produced atypical, elongated internodeswhich resemble those of vining aroids. Plantlets which developedat their nodes were removed and raised to maturity. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, taro, seed storage, seed germination, seedling proliferation