柳树叶浸提液对蛋白核小球藻的化感作用

通过对蛋白核小球藻进行细胞密度的测定,分析了不同浓度的柳树(Salix babylonica)叶浸提液对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)生长和细胞形态的影响。结果表明：柳树叶浸提液对蛋白核小球藻具有化感作用,不同浓度的浸提液化感作用强度不同;作用96 h的半效应浓度(EC₅₀,_{96 h}值)为11.82 g·L^-1,较低浓度(10和20 g·L^-1)浸提液对蛋白核小球藻表现出先抑制后促进的作用特性,而较高浓度（30 g·L^-1）浸提液则始终表现出抑制效果;10、20和30 g·L^-1浸提液对蛋白核小球藻的最大抑制率分别为37.5%、39.3%和56.5%;柳树叶浸提液作用下,部分蛋白核小球藻细胞平均颗粒体积增大,颜色变透明,膨胀后溶解;低浓度浸提液处理组少数细胞聚集在一起,高浓度浸提液处理组细胞大量聚集,形成多细胞群体,多数沉于瓶底,沉降性能增强。     

5774例临床生育不良者异常染色体核型分析及32种人类染色体新核型报告

为了探讨异常染色体核型在临床生育不良人群中的分布及其与临床生育结局的关系, 采用常规方法制备外周血淋巴细胞染色体, 经G显带, 对 5 774例临床生育不良者做了外周血染色体核型分析, 检查出异常核型550 例。其中三体核型 255 例占 46.36％, 相互易位 91 例占 16.55％, 染色体倒位 85 例占 15.45％, 染色体缺失 81 例占 14.73％, 罗伯逊易位21例占3.82%, 短臂增加7例占1.27%, 大丫6例占1.09%, 随体异常4例占0.73%。其中 32 例为首次报道的新核型。其临床结局有流产、不育、先天畸形等。结果表明携带异常核型染色体, 可能是影响生育的重要原因之一。     

重金属镉对拟南芥DNA甲基化的影响

将拟南芥种子点种于添加有不同浓度CdCl2的培养基中处理2周,移苗时CdCl2的胁迫即解除。低浓度CdCl2促进拟南芥种子的萌发。CdCl2为0．5mg·L^-1时萌发率最高（为97．21％）。随着CdCl2浓度的继续增加,种子萌发率即逐渐下降。幼苗期和抽薹期分别提取叶DNA,采用甲基敏感扩增多态性（MSAP）技术分析其基因组DNA甲基化的结果显示,总的来说,随着CdCl2浓度的增加,甲基化程度增高。     

The OsDHODH1 Gene is Involved in Salt and Drought Tolerance in Rice

In the present paper, we identified and cloned OsDHODH1 encoding a putative cytosolic dihydroorotate dehydrogenase （DHODH） in rice. Expression analysis indicated that OsDHODH1 is upregulated by salt, drought and exogenous abscisic acid （ABA）, but not by cold. By prokaryotic expression, we determined the enzymatic activity of OsDHODH1 and found that overproduction of OsDHODH1 significantly improved the tolerance of Escherichia coil cells to salt and osmotic stresses. Overexpression of the OsDHODH1 gene in rice increased the DHODH activity and enhanced plant tolerance to salt and drought stresses as compared with wild type and OsDHODHl-antisense transgenic plants. Our findings reveal, for the first time, that cytosolic dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is involved in plant stress response and that OsDHODH1 could be used in engineering crop plants with enhanced tolerance to salt and drought.     

A novel screening strategy to identify biocontrol fungi using protease production or chitinase activity against Meloidogyne root-knot nematodes

We isolated 137 fungal strains from females and eggs of Meloidogyne spp. collected from plant roots and infested soil in Jiangsu, China, and examined their in vitro protease production and chitinase activities. We then selected 20 strains, each with a protease production higher than 2 (protease production was measured as the ratio of diameters of the zone of clearing to that of the colony) and a chitinase activity higher than 0.2 U/min mL. For these strains, we examined their egg parasitic rates, mortality rates of stage 2 juvenile (J2), egg hatching rates and evaluated their biocontrol efficacies under greenhouse conditions. The biocontrol efficacies of these 20 potential biocontrol fungal strains ranged from 29 to 58%. The actual biocontrol efficacy against Meloidogyne root-knot was highly correlated with the in vitro protease production (r=0.82), chitinase activity (r=0.80), and mortality of J2 (r=0.76), but poorly correlated with the egg parasitic rate (r=0.51) and the egg hatch rate (r=0.52). Based on these results, we suggest that in vitro protease production or chitinase activities of the fungal strains could be an applicable indicator for assessing biocontrol efficacy against nematodes. This notion was also supported by our field experiments on tomatoes with Paecilomyces lilacinus strains XT18, XCS46 and Pochonia chlamydosporia strain XT124, which reached the biocontrol efficacies of 60.7, 51.5 and 48.1% in 2007; and 67.8, 57.3 and 53.2% in 2008, respectively.     

新疆维吾尔族人2型糖尿病患者AMPK α2基因多态性的分析研究

目的:研究腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)rs2143754位点与新疆地区维吾尔族人2型糖尿病之间的关系.方法:以聚合酶链式反应-限制性内切酶长度多态性(polymerase chain reaction-restriction frag-ment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)技术,对150例2型糖尿病和150例正常对照者AMPK-rs2143754位点进行基因分型.结果:AMPKα2位T/T、G/T和G/G基因型频率在病例组为(40%,51%和9%),正常对照组为(28%,49%和29%),两组基因型和等位基因频率分布差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论:AMPKα2多态性与新疆维吾尔族人2型糖尿病有明显相关性.     

不同电镜分型女性生殖道尖锐湿疣的CD4+、CD8+的表达

目的:探讨不同电镜分型的女性生殖道尖锐湿疣(CA)的免疫应答状态的异同.方法:将随机抽取的50例女性生殖道尖锐湿疣的活栓组织按照扫描电镜和透射电镜下形态学特征分为尖锐型湿疣、结节型湿疣和内生型湿疣三组.以免疫组织化学方法(IHC)研究CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞、CD4+/CD8+比值于不同电镜分型CA中的表达.结果:结节型湿疣的CD4+T细胞数及CD4+/CD8+比值均显著低于尖锐型湿疣,内生型湿疣介于二者之间.结论:CD4+/CD8+比值在不同类型CA中的表达结果有统计学差异,结节型湿疣免疫应答状态异常,预示三种电镜分型的尖锐湿疣转归不同.CD4+/CD8+比值可作为判断预后的指标.     

青岛崂山药用植物资源多样性调查

目的:为有效保护和合理利用青岛崂山药用植物资源提供科学依据.方法:实地考察青岛崂山药用植物资源,对有较高药用价值的种类从药用部位和基本药用功能角度进行了归类.结果:青岛崂山的珍贵药用植物种类达330种,且在药用部位和药用功能方面表现出了丰富的多样性.结论:青岛崂山是具有多样性的药用植物资源宝库,并提出了保护和利用建议.     

419名汶川地震颌面部伤员软组织伤伤情特点分析

目的:回顾性分析研究419名在汶川地震中颌面部软组织受伤的伤员的伤情特点,从而为颌面部创伤医学以及救治规范的完善提供依据和参考.方法:调查分析在汶川地震中受伤的2944名伤员,其中颌面伤员有419名,伴有软组织伤的伤员有381人,分析5.12汶川地震后419名口腔领面伤员的伤情特点,调查结果采用自主研发设计的数据库进行统计.结果:在调查的419名颌面伤员中,伴有软组织伤的伤员有381人(91%),男女无明显差别.受伤原因以挤压掩埋伤最多,受伤部位以额部和颧面部最多.擦伤和裂伤是最为常见的受伤类型.伤口局部感染比例较高(22%),但全身感染者很少.结论:地震导致的颌面部软组织伤有其自身特点,主要体现在其受伤机制上,而其他特点和其他颌面部软组织伤无明显差别.     

脂肪基质细胞脂向分化过程中MicroRNA-21的表达变化

目的:了解脂肪基质细胞(ADSCs)在脂向分化过程中MicroRNA-21(miRNA-21)表达变化情况.方法:从8只出生30 d雄性体健SD幼鼠体内取出脂肪,采用密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法获得了纯度高的脂肪基质细胞,采用脂向诱导液对第3代的脂肪基质细胞进行诱导培养,并以未诱导的细胞为对照.成脂诱导培养液[DMEM培养液中加入地塞米松(1 μmol·L-1)、3-异丁基-1甲基黄嘌呤(0.5 mmol.L-1)、胰岛素(10 mg·L-1)].应用microRNA芯片技术检测脂肪基质细胞脂向诱导后7 d和未诱导microRNA-21的表达差异.采用实时定量PCR检测microRNA-21在脂肪基质细胞脂向分化前后表达量变化.结果:经显微镜下观察、油红O染色及PPARγ免疫细胞化学染色检测证实脂肪基质细胞已经脂向分化,miRNA芯片及实时定量PCR结果均表明miRNA-21在脂肪基质细胞体外脂向分化过程中表达显著下调.结论:miRNA-21在脂肪基质细胞脂向分化后的表达有显著降低,可能参与调控ADSCs的脂向分化过程.