阳离子诱导大叶藻叶绿体膜中激发能在PSⅡ和PSⅠ之间分配变化的机理(英文)

用Ｃａ２＋ 和胰酶处理大叶藻（Ｚｏｓｔｅｒａ ｍ ａｒｉｎａ）叶绿体膜研究了其类囊体膜多肽成分与Ｍｇ２＋ 诱导其Ｃｈｌａ荧光和类囊体膜表面电荷变化之间的相互关系,观察到：１．在正常的叶绿体膜中,Ｍｇ２＋ 诱导ＰＳⅡ荧光强度的增高与其诱导类囊体膜表面电荷密度的降低密切相关;２．用Ｃａ２＋ 处理这种叶绿体膜,除去类囊体膜表面的３２～３４ ｋＤ多肽对Ｍｇ２＋ 诱导的上述现象无影响;３．如果用胰酶消化Ｃａ２＋ 处理过的叶绿体膜,进一步除去膜表面的２６ ｋＤ多肽,Ｍｇ２＋诱导的这些现象则全部消失。这些实验结果清楚地表明,在大叶藻的叶绿体膜中,类囊体膜表面的２６ ｋＤ 多肽是阳离子诱导这两种相关现象的特异性作用部位。对阳离子调节激发能在ＰＳⅡ和ＰＳⅠ之间分配的机理进行了讨论     

从cDNA文库中筛选分析阳性克隆的简便方法

cDNA文库中阳性克隆的传统筛选分析法既费时又费力.利用微波炉加热的方法,简化了原位杂交中噬菌斑裂解、DNA变性与固定的程序;进一步运用PCR扩增技术,特异扩增克隆载体中插入的cDNA片段,加快了阳性克隆分析的进程.     

5-羟色胺诱发的主动脉区化学感受性升血压反射中某些区域性血管反应的分析

在15只麻醉开胸犬中,用在体器官恒流灌注法研究了骨胳肌、皮肤、肾和心脏的血管在5-HT 诱发的主动脉区化学感受性升血压反射中的反应,同时还观察了5-HT 对这些器官血管的直接效应。左心房注入5-HT(200μg)后,在动脉血压急剧上升的同时,股薄肌、皮肤(后爪)和肾脏的灌流压明显增加,其增值分别为43±8.47±5和56±27mmHg(P<0.01),而冠脉灌流压无明显改变。用阿托品和/或心得安阻断骨胳肌、皮肤和心脏灌流区域的 m 和同β-受体后,上述效应无进一步变动。向灌流环路直接注入5-HT(10—50μg),可引起皮肤和肾脏的血管收缩,而股薄肌和心肌的血管则扩张;后一效应不被心得安阻断。以上结果提示:1.在5-HT 诱发的主动脉区化学感受性升血压反射中,骨胳肌、皮肤和肾脏呈现明显的交感性缩血管反应,而并不伴有交感性扩血管活动;2.在外周血管可能存在两种不同的5-HT 受体,一种主要分布在皮肤和肾脏,引起缩血管效应;另一种主要分布于骨胳肌和冠状血管,引起扩血管效应。     

正常小鼠骨髓血红蛋白含量的测定

小鼠骨髓血红蛋白含量的变化可以间接地反映骨髓微循环系统形态和功能的状况。按Burger and Knyszynski(1969)方法操作繁复,限制了它的推广应用及正常值的问世。最近,我们建立的简易测定方法,为成批标本的测定和正常值的确定创造了条件。 正常小鼠骨髓血红蛋白含量测定的目的:1)在较大量标本的测定中进一步验证该方法的可靠性;2)确定青、成年小鼠骨髓血红蛋白的正常值范围;3)分析其可能的影响因素,以便更好地控制实验条件和判断骨髓微循环障碍的程度。     

Gene-specific formation and repair of cisplatin intrastrand adducts and interstrand cross-links in Chinese hamster ovary cells

We have used three methods to study the formation and repair of intrastrand adducts and interstrand cross-links in the DNA of Chinese hamster ovary cells induced by the anticancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (cisplatin). Using atomic absorption spectroscopy, we found that 21% of the total genomic cisplatin adducts were removed at 8 h and 42% at 24 h. We used ABC excinuclease digestion, coupled with out previously reported methodology to quantify DNA in specific genomic regions. These adducts were removed faster in the transcribed dihydrofolate reductase and c-myc genes compared to a noncoding fragment, a region containing the little or nontranscribed c-fos oncogene, and to the overall genome. Interstrand cross-links in specific sequences were quantified by Southern hybridization of denatured-renatured DNA separated on a neutral gel. We found that cross-links were removed more efficiently from the gene regions than intrastrand adducts and, at high levels of cross-linking, removal was similar from transcribed and from nontranscribed regions.     

沼虾属一新种记述（十足目：长臂虾科）

本文记述采自安徽无为县的沼虾属一新种,安徽沼虾Macrobrachium anhuiense,sp.nov.,新种与九江沼虾M.kiukianensis Yu相近似,但新种:额角上缘除第1—2齿之间距较大外,眼上方之齿排列较密,额角下缘齿之间距小于末齿至尖端的距离;头胸甲光滑,约为体长的1/3;第三颚足短,末端仅伸至触角柄第一节,第二步足较长,掌部无颗位状突起,有分散之微刺。模式标本存安徽师范大学生物系。     

低温与GA_3诱导菠萝黑心病的生理机制

菠萝黑心病是PPO催化氧化酚类物质形成褐色产物所致。低温或GA_3处理提高了PPO活性及其底物——儿茶酚、绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量,也导致了PAL活性增加;低温还使乙烯释放率增大。这些变化均有利于黑心病的发生和发展。     

冬小麦春化过程中低温诱导的与花芽分化相关的mRNA和蛋白质的合成

应用SDS电泳及高分辨双向电泳技术,分析了冬小麦经春化、脱春化及超期春化处理后茎类蛋白质组分的变化。发现52.5,38kD和16.2kD蛋白质与冬小麦开花诱导密切相关。mRNA体外翻译结果表明,春化作用中低温诱导与开花紧密相关的mRNA的出现有一定的顺序性。因此推测:春化诱导开花是低温导致某些特定基因表达的结果,而表达的调节主要发生在转录水平上。     

A global invasion by the thrip,Frankliniella occidentalis: Current virus vector status and its management

Western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is among the most economically important agricultural pests globally, attacking a wide range of vegetable and horticultural crops. In addition to causing extensive crop damage, the species is notorious for vectoring destructive plant viruses, mainly belonging to the genera Orthotospovirus, Ilarvirus, Alphacarmovirus and Machlomovirus. Once infected by orthotospoviruses, thrips can remain virulent throughout their lifespan and continue transmitting viruses to host plants when and wherever they feed. These irruptive viral outbreaks in crops will permanently disrupt functional integrated pest management systems, and typically require a remedial treatment involving insecticides, contributing to further development of insecticide resistance. To mitigate against this continuing cycle, the most effective management is early and comprehensive surveillance of the pest species and recognition of plant viruses in the field. This review provides information on the pest status of F. occidentalis, discusses the current global status of the viruses vectored by this thrip species, examines the mechanisms involved in transmitting virus‐induced diseases by thrips, and reviews different management strategies, highlighting the potential management tactics developed for various cropping systems. The early surveillance and the utilization of potential methods for control of both F. occidentalis and viruses are proposed.     

Modeling the Transmission of Middle East Respirator Syndrome Corona Virus in the Republic of Korea

The 2015 epidemic of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in the Republic of Korea has been the largest outbreak outside Middle East. This epidemic had caused 185 laboratory-confirmed cases and 36 deaths in the Republic of Korea until September 2, 2015, which attracted public’s attention. Based on the detailed data of patients released by World Health Organization (WHO) and actual propagation of the epidemic, we construct two dynamical models to simulate the propagation processes from May 20 to June 8 and from June 9 to July 10, 2015, respectively and find that the basic reproduction number R ₀ reaches up to 4.422. The numerical analysis shows that the reasons of the outbreak spread quickly are lack of self-protection sense and targeted control measures. Through partial correction analysis, the parameters β ₁ and γ have strong correlations with R ₀, i.e., the infectivity and proportion of the asymptomatic infected cases have much influence on the spread of disease. By sensitivity analysis, strengthening self-protection ability of susceptible and quickly isolating or monitoring close contacts are effective measures to control the disease.