全文获取类型
收费全文 | 376313篇 |
免费 | 41077篇 |
国内免费 | 180篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 3495篇 |
2017年 | 3262篇 |
2016年 | 4478篇 |
2015年 | 5562篇 |
2014年 | 6689篇 |
2013年 | 9344篇 |
2012年 | 10491篇 |
2011年 | 10794篇 |
2010年 | 7347篇 |
2009年 | 6832篇 |
2008年 | 9705篇 |
2007年 | 9860篇 |
2006年 | 9582篇 |
2005年 | 9170篇 |
2004年 | 9023篇 |
2003年 | 8786篇 |
2002年 | 8464篇 |
2001年 | 20696篇 |
2000年 | 20753篇 |
1999年 | 15915篇 |
1998年 | 4744篇 |
1997年 | 5006篇 |
1996年 | 4624篇 |
1995年 | 4203篇 |
1994年 | 4176篇 |
1993年 | 4265篇 |
1992年 | 12432篇 |
1991年 | 12329篇 |
1990年 | 11855篇 |
1989年 | 11461篇 |
1988年 | 10692篇 |
1987年 | 10004篇 |
1986年 | 9106篇 |
1985年 | 8950篇 |
1984年 | 7112篇 |
1983年 | 6217篇 |
1982年 | 4423篇 |
1981年 | 3961篇 |
1980年 | 3742篇 |
1979年 | 6603篇 |
1978年 | 5088篇 |
1977年 | 4659篇 |
1976年 | 4173篇 |
1975年 | 4816篇 |
1974年 | 5073篇 |
1973年 | 5090篇 |
1972年 | 4480篇 |
1971年 | 4117篇 |
1970年 | 3656篇 |
1969年 | 3589篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
211.
C López-Otin A O Grubb E Méndez 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1983,117(1):202-209
An apparently novel human plasma and urinary protein of low molecular weight was isolated from several highly purified preparations of protein HC by gel chromatography and high voltage electrophoresis with a yield of about 8 mg/g. The protein has a molecular weight of about 20,000, neutral electrophoretic mobility at pH 6.5 and a high content of half-cystine. It is associated with a yellow-brown chromophore like protein HC and could be demonstrated in all investigated preparations of isolated human, rabbit and guinea-pig protein HC and alpha 1-microglobulin. 相似文献
212.
T Kieber-Emmons 《DNA and cell biology》1992,11(3):199-206
Sequence analysis of autoimmune-associated antibodies has suggested a structural relatedness between genes used to encode autoantibodies and those encoding unrelated antibodies without autoreactive specificities. Subsequently, the basis for cross-reactive idiotypes across germ-line lineages, as well as conserved interspecies cross-reactivities of autoantigens among serologically similar antibodies, may result from evolutionary duplication of particular types of recognition motifs. As a first step toward elucidating structural recognition principles underlying possible cross-reactive epitopes involved in autoimmune pathologies, structural features of selected motifs associated with native ligand binding are examined for their inherent occurrence in antibody and T-cell receptor repertoires. This analysis considers the putative recognition features representative of common motif subsets shared with loop structures in CDR2 and FR3 regions of antibodies such as charge-2x-charge-x-charge or hydrogen bond donor (acceptor)-2x-charge-x-hydrogen bond donor (acceptor) type motifs, where x is any residue that can participate in maintaining a loop conformation. Such tracts encoded in the CRD2 and FR3 regions of heavy chains of antibodies and T-cell receptors (TCRs) associated with autoimmune dysfunction, with non-autoreactive antibodies, and with native host proteins. Such evolutionarily conserved motifs may be targets for complementary interactions involving autoantibodies and receptors. 相似文献
213.
Cells of Entamoeba histolytica accumulated K+ and extruded Na+ compared to the concentrations of those ions present in the growth medium. Pinocytic activity, measured by the uptake of horseradish peroxidase of 125I-polyvinylpyrrolidone, was high (up to 0.3 ml/ml cells per h). Upon addition of cytochalasin B, at a concentration (20 microM) that completely blocked pinocytosis, cells lost up to 40% of their Na+ content within 90 min; K+ content was not affected or increased slightly compared to control cells without the inhibitor. Cation loss was associated with cell shrinkage. The dose-response curves for the effects of cytochalasin B on pinocytosis and Na+ content were identical. These data provide direct evidence that pinocytosis is an important component of the homeostatic system for Na+. 相似文献
214.
N D Klimchuk M S Kitsara O M Frolova N M Balaeva 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》1985,(2):41-45
Experiments on the laboratory cultures of lice infected by Weigl's method revealed that the spontaneous, erythromycin-resistant mutant of R. prowazekii strain E, adapted to the vector's organism, retained its resistance to erythromycin during 50 successive passages without the maintenance concentrations of this antibiotic. The above strain remained sensitive to tetracycline and levomycetin. Its level of sensitivity to the latter antibiotics was similar to that of R. prowazekii strains cultivated in the vector's organism for a long time. 相似文献
215.
216.
I V Kudriashova D B Logunov O S Papsuevich R I Kruglikov 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1985,99(1):5-7
Perfusion of the snail (Helix lucorum L.) CNS with DG-AVP (concentration 10(-6) M) in the course of low frequency intracellular stimulation (2-4-minute interval) of the defensive reflex command neurons led to an increase in the excitability. It was expressed both in the reduction of the spike generation latency, in the increased number of spikes in response to fixed stimuli, and in the activation of pacemaker potentials. If DG-AVP was added to the medium during endoneuronal habituation, there was no increase in the excitability. It is supposed that modification of the neuronal excitability may be caused by the DG-AVP effect on the pacemaker mechanism. 相似文献
217.
Import and processing of the precursor of cytochrome P-450(SCC) by bovine adrenal cortex mitochondria 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Isolated bovine adrenal cortex mitochondria imported in vitro synthesized pre-P-450(SCC) and processed it to the mature form. Partial radio-sequencing of the processed P-450(SCC) gave a result identical with that for authentic P-450(SCC). Rat liver mitochondria also imported pre-P-450(SCC) and processed it to the mature form, whereas bovine heart mitochondria were unable to import and process pre-P-450(SCC) although both mitochondrial preparations imported and processed pre-adrenodoxin. The pre-P-450(SCC) processing activity of bovine adrenal cortex mitochondria was associated with the matrix side surface of the inner membrane. The processing protease could be solubilized by sodium cholate and partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation. The partially purified processing protease cleaved pre-P-450(SCC) at the correct position. It was also active in processing pre-P-450(11 beta) but inactive toward pre-adrenodoxin. Bovine heart mitochondria lacked the processing activity to pre-P-450(SCC). The localization of pre-P-450(SCC) and mature P-450(SCC) in bovine adrenal cortex mitochondria was examined. Mature P-450(SCC) processed by the mitochondria was found associated with the matrix-side surface of the inner membrane, which is the correct location of P-450(SCC) in the cell. In the presence of o-phenanthroline, pre-P-450(SCC) was imported into the organelles without being processed and remained soluble in the matrix. The incorporation of newly processed mature P-450(SCC) into the inner membrane was also observed when pre-P-450(SCC) was incubated with inner membrane vesicles. Mature P-450(SCC) generated in vitro from pre-P-450(SCC) by the partially purified processing protease was incorporated not only into the inner membrane vesicles but also into bovine adrenal cortex microsomes. These findings suggested that the processing of pre-P-450(SCC) occurred prior to the incorporation of mature-P-450(SCC) into the inner membrane. 相似文献
218.
T Yoshikawa H Terayama 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology》1984,77(1):39-44
Pancreatectomy as well as thyroparathyroidectomy resulted in the quick disappearance of a serum factor (stimulating cathepsin D release from lysosomes in vitro) from the rat or mouse blood. Extirpation of other organs such as duodenum, stomach, spleen, kidney, submaxillary gland, testis, adrenal gland or hypophysis, showed no effect on the serum factor level. Glucagon (but not insulin or thyroxine) given to the pancreatectomized animals restored the serum factor level in a dose-dependent manner. The serum factor-like activity was detected only in the parathyroids (but not thyroid), and the release of activity from parathyroid-slices was stimulated by glucagon, suggesting that the parathyroid may produce and/or secrete the serum factor under the influence of glucagon. 相似文献
219.
Phase-sensitive two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect spectra of [d(GGTATACC)]2 in aqueous deuterium oxide solution at four mixing times were quantified to give all nonoverlapping cross-peak intensities. A structural model for [d(GGTATACC)]2 was built in which the GG- and -CC moieties were in the B-DNA form, while the middle -TATA- moiety was in the wrinkled-D form (BDB model). This model was subjected to energy refinement by molecular mechanics calculations with the program AMBER. Counterions (Na+) were added to neutralize the charges, and water molecules were placed bridging across the minor groove. A complete relaxation matrix analysis was used to calculate two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect spectra of [d(GGTATACC)]2 from the above models (before and after energy refinement) and from four other [d(GGTATACC)]2 structural models: regular A, crystalline A, regular B, and energy-minimized B. Among them, the energy-minimized BDB model yielded a set of theoretical spectra that gave the best fit to the experimental spectra. It was also the energetically most stable. Therefore, it is a good representation of the ensemble- and time-averaged structure of the octamer in solution. This model has backbone torsion angles similar to those of B-form DNA in the GG- and -CC moieties and torsion angles similar to those of wrinkled D form DNA in the -TATA- moiety. The base stacking and base pairing are not interrupted at the junctions between the two structural moieties. Its minor groove is narrower than that of B DNA, and the solvent-accessible surface of the minor groove forms a closed hydration tunnel in the middle -TATA- segment. 相似文献
220.
Induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity by the T cell line specific to bacterial peptidoglycans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M Katsuki K Kakimoto S Kawata S Kotani T Koga 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1987,139(11):3570-3572
A T cell line specific for the chemically well-defined peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall, disaccharide tetrapeptide, was established from Lewis rats immunized with the antigen covalently linked to the autologous rat serum albumin. The antigen specificity was examined with various analogues or derivatives of the peptidoglycan. The cell line was reactive to analogues with the COOH-terminal D-amino acid, but least reactive to those with L-amino acid as COOH terminus. Transferring of the T cell line into X-irradiated normal Lewis rats induced delayed-type hypersensitivity in an antigen specific manner. 相似文献