携带IL-2/NK4双基因减毒沙门氏菌TPIN的遗传稳定性研究

对携带IL-2/NK4双基因减毒沙门氏菌TPIN的遗传稳定性进行研究。将TPIN连续传40代,取10代、20代、30代、40代菌落进行鉴定,包括菌落和菌体的形态、质粒的纯度和浓度、目的基因片段、双酶切结果及转染人肝癌细胞(HepG2)后目的基因体外表达活性。结果表明,每10代的菌落和菌体形态一致,其所含质粒的纯度和浓度在传代过程中无明显变化,PCR扩增的目的基因条带大小一致,双酶切鉴定结果正确,转染HepG2细胞后,每代间所表达目的蛋白浓度无明显差异。TPIN作为消化道肿瘤的生物治疗药物,在遗传方面有较好的稳定性,可进一步进行大量生产。     

毛乌素沙地南缘沙丘生物结皮中微生物分布特征

为探明半干旱沙区生物结皮中微生物分布特征,对毛乌素沙地南缘沙丘生物结皮中微生物数量进行了测定。结果表明:微生物总数从丘顶到丘间地呈递增趋势,除丘顶与迎风坡、迎风坡与背风坡结皮层微生物总数差异不显著外,其他各地貌部位结皮层微生物数量之间差异显著。同一地貌部位结皮层、0～5和5～10cm土层微生物垂直分布有变化,其变化规律为:除迎风坡放线菌数量呈先增加后递减、迎风坡微生物总数、细菌、真菌和丘顶真菌数量随剖面的加深呈递减外,其他各地貌部位微生物数量均呈先降低,后增加的趋势。微生物类群的组成表现为细菌最多,放线菌次之,真菌最少。在丘间地细菌所占微生物总数的比例与丘顶相比有所增加,而放线菌和真菌的比例有所减少。结皮下0～5和5～10cm土层微生物分布与土壤含水量的变化同步,说明土壤水分可能是影响微生物垂直分布的重要因子。     

牛乳酪蛋白源抗菌肽的研究进展

抗菌肽是具有抗菌活性的肽类物质的总称。除了广泛存在于生物体内的内源性抗菌肽外,已从酪蛋白的酶解产物中获得了多种外源性抗菌肽。抗菌肽的抗菌机理独特,有望成为新一代抗菌剂。简要综述了牛乳酪蛋白源抗菌肽的种类、抗菌机理及其研究展望。     

Availability of and access to critical habitats in regulated rivers: effects of low-head barriers on threatened lampreys

1.  Conservation of freshwater animal populations requires their access to, as well as sufficient availability of, critical habitats, such as those for reproduction. Abundant small-scale barriers may cause extensive fragmentation of freshwater habitat but, by comparison to larger structures their effects are rarely considered by catchment managers. The relationship between the distribution of, and access to, spawning habitat in a regulated river, characterized by abundant small barriers, was examined for river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis , a threatened migratory fish.
2.  Telemetry of adult lamprey in the River Derwent, North East England was used to quantify upriver migration and access to spawning habitat, together with surveys of spawning habitat availability and spawning activity between 2002 and 2007.
3.  Access in to the Derwent appeared severely restricted by a tidal barrage, beyond which lamprey migrated rapidly in unobstructed reaches. Of all lamprey tagged in the lower 4 km of river, or ascending the barrage, 64% and 17% passed the first and second weirs respectively, with high flows crucial for this. Although over 98% of lamprey spawning habitat occurred more than 51 km upstream, on average just 1.8% of river lamprey spawners were recorded there.
4.  In order to protect or rehabilitate species or species assemblages, greater attention needs to be paid to the relative spatial distribution of low-head barriers and the resultant availability of key habitats within individual catchments. This is particularly important given the renewed emphasis internationally on low-head hydropower solutions as a source of renewable energy, and the rapid growth in numbers of low-head barriers in many catchments.     

Mutations in yeast Rad51 that partially bypass the requirement for Rad55 and Rad57 in DNA repair by increasing the stability of Rad51-DNA complexes

Yeast Rad51 promotes homologous pairing and strand exchange in vitro, but this activity is inefficient in the absence of the accessory proteins, RPA, Rad52, Rad54 and the Rad55-Rad57 heterodimer. A class of rad51 alleles was isolated that suppresses the requirement for RAD55 and RAD57 in DNA repair, but not the other accessory factors. Five of the six mutations isolated map to the region of Rad51 that by modeling with RecA corresponds to one of the DNA-binding sites. The other mutation is in the N-terminus of Rad51 in a domain implicated in protein-protein interactions and DNA binding. The Rad51-I345T mutant protein shows increased binding to single- and double-stranded DNA, and is proficient in displacement of replication protein A (RPA) from single-stranded DNA, suggesting that the normal function of Rad55-Rad57 is promotion and stabilization of Rad51-ssDNA complexes.     

热休克蛋白70在原发性高血压中的表达及其与炎症因子和血压的关系

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者热休克蛋白70(HSP-70)的表达水平,并分析其与炎症因子、血压的关系。方法:选择2017年3月至2019年3月我院收治的原发性高血压患者84例作为研究组,根据患者血压水平分为Ⅰ级组25例,Ⅱ级组37例和Ⅲ级组22例,另选同期体检健康者60例作为对照组,应用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测各组血HSP70 m RNA水平,应用双抗体酶联免疫吸附法检测各组血清HSP-70、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,比较各组血HSP70 m RNA、血清HSP70、IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平,并分析相关性。结果:研究组血HSP-70mRNA相对表达量高于对照组(P0.05)。随高血压分级的升高各组患者血HSP-70mRNA相对表达量呈升高趋势,各组血HSP-70mRNA水平比较有统计学差异(P0.05)。研究组血清HSP-70、IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平均高于对照组(P0.05)。随高血压分级的升高,各组患者血清HSP-70、IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平呈升高趋势,不同组别血清HSP-70、IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平比较有统计学差异(P0.05)。经Pearson相关分析显示,高血压患者血HSP-70 m RNA、HSP-70、IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平与血压呈正相关(P0.05),血HSP-70 m RNA与IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平呈正相关(P0.05),血清HSP-70与IL-6、TNF-α和CRP呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:高血压患者HSP-70和炎症因子异常升高,HSP-70与炎症因子水平和血压相关,提示HSP-70在高血压发生、发展中起到关键作用。     

Chemopreventive and renal protective effects for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): implications of CRP and lipid peroxides

Background

The fish oil-derived ω-3 fatty acids, like docosahexanoic (DHA), claim a plethora of health benefits. We currently evaluated the antitumor effects of DHA, alone or in combination with cisplatin (CP) in the EAC solid tumor mice model, and monitored concomitant changes in serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde; MDA) and leukocytic count (LC). Further, we verified the capacity of DHA to ameliorate the lethal, CP-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and the molecular mechanisms involved therein.

Results

EAC-bearing mice exhibited markedly elevated LC (2-fold), CRP (11-fold) and MDA levels (2.7-fold). DHA (125, 250 mg/kg) elicited significant, dose-dependent reductions in tumor size (38%, 79%; respectively), as well as in LC, CRP and MDA levels. These effects for CP were appreciably lower than those of DHA (250 mg/kg). Interestingly, DHA (125 mg/kg) markedly enhanced the chemopreventive effects of CP and boosted its ability to reduce serum CRP and MDA levels. Correlation studies revealed a high degree of positive association between tumor growth and each of CRP (r = 0.85) and leukocytosis (r = 0.89), thus attesting to a diagnostic/prognostic role for CRP. On the other hand, a single CP dose (10 mg/kg) induced nephrotoxicity in rats that was evidenced by proteinuria, deterioration of glomerular filtration rate (GFR, -4-fold), a rise in serum creatinine/urea levels (2–5-fold) after 4 days, and globally-induced animal fatalities after 7 days. Kidney-homogenates from CP-treated rats displayed significantly elevated MDA- and TNF-α-, but reduced GSH-, levels. Rats treated with DHA (250 mg/kg, but not 125 mg/kg) survived the lethal effects of CP, and showed a significant recovery of GFR; while their homogenates had markedly-reduced MDA- and TNF-α-, but -increased GSH-levels. Significant association was detected between creatinine level and those of MDA (r = 0.81), TNF-α ) r = 0.92) and GSH (r = -0.82); implying causal relationships.

Conclusion

DHA elicited prominent chemopreventive effects on its own, and appreciably augmented those of CP as well. The extent of tumor progression in various mouse groups was highly reflected by CRP levels (thus implying a diagnostic/prognostic role for CRP). Further, this study is the first to reveal that DHA can obliterate the lethal CP-induced nephrotoxicity and renal tissue injury. At the molecular level, DHA appears to act by reducing leukocytosis, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress.     

Double-strand-break repair and recombination catalyzed by a nuclear extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

An in vitro system for double-strand-break repair and recombination of plasmid substrates catalyzed by extracts prepared from yeast nuclei has been developed. Recombination events that generate crossover products were detected amongst reaction products by Southern blot hybridization, or by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The recombination reaction was found to be stimulated by a double-strand break within homologous sequences and proceeded by a mechanism that involved branched DNA intermediates. In addition to pairing events that generate crossovers, the formation of inverted repeats (head-to-head and tail-to-tail joined products) was also detected. Two models are presented which propose that the formation of crossover products and inverted repeats occur by similar mechanisms.