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71.
This paper addresses the transformation of forest bureaucracy, which has occurred in accordance with a national policy shift
from “fence-and-fine” to “participatory” conservation, and its impact on resource users at Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park
in Indonesia and analyzes causal relationships between this transformation and its outcome. The research suggests that the
mode of conservation governance was transformed through the implementation of new ways of communication and interaction, learning
processes and perceptional and behavioral changes. The result of this analysis indicates that while the dominant discourse
of participatory conservation assumes a primary importance of satisfying local economic needs for conservation, what should
be emphasized is the process of trust-building and learning between frontline staff and local resource users without which
the durability of a conservation institution is questionable. The analysis also reveals both challenges and limitations of
a trust-building approach: while the approach effectively functions to halt forest degradation, it might not lead to the rehabilitation
of forest ecosystem. 相似文献
72.
Taufiq Purna Nugraha Michael Heistermann Muhammad Agil Bambang Purwantara Iman Supriatna Gholib Gholib Carel P. van Schaik Tony Weingrill 《Primates; journal of primatology》2017,58(2):285-294
Measuring hormone metabolites from feces is the most often used method to assess hormonal status in wildlife. Although immediate freezing of fecal samples collected in the field is the best method to minimize the risk of degradation of hormones over time, this is often not possible in remote field sites. Therefore, alternative storage and preservation methods for fecal samples are required in these conditions. We conducted an experiment to investigate if fecal glucocorticoid (FGCM) and progesterone metabolite (pregnanediol-3-glucuronide; PdG) levels measured from samples that were extracted with a simple, field-friendly methodology correlate with those generated from frozen samples. We also evaluated whether storing fecal samples in alcohol is a suitable alternative to preserve FGCM and PdG concentrations long-term (i.e. over a 9-month period) at locations where fecal extraction is not feasible. Finally, we tested if the hormone concentrations in unpreserved fecal samples of orangutans change over 14 h when stored at ambient conditions, representing the maximum duration between sample collection and return to the camp. FGCM and PdG levels measured from samples that were extracted with the field-friendly method showed strong correlations with those generated from frozen samples, and mean levels did not differ significantly between these methods. FGCM concentrations showed no significant change compared to control samples when fecal samples were stored for up to 6 months in alcohol at ambient temperature and PdG concentrations even remained stable for up to 9 months of storage. FGCM concentrations of fecal samples kept at ambient temperature for up to 14 h post-defecation did not significantly differ compared to control samples frozen immediately after collection. These results provide the basis for the successful monitoring of the physiological status of orangutans living in remote natural settings, like those included in the Indonesian reintroduction programs. 相似文献
73.
Agung A. Wibowo Bambang Pardjianto Sutiman B. Sumitro Nia Kania Kusworini Handono 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2019
IntroductionThe involvement of mucin, lectin, and apoptosis in colitis is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate changes in MUC2 expression, inflammation, and changes in lectin expression in colitis patients.MethodsA total of 17 patients were divided into two groups including 11 hemorrhoid patients as a control group and 6 colitis patients. MUC2 mutation analysis was carried out using immunofluorescent and FISH techniques. Assessment of caspase-3, Ki-67, NF-kB, and lectin expressions was also carried out by immunofluorescent technique then analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscope.ResultsThe MUC2, caspase-3, and lectin expressions were significantly lower in the colitis group than in the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIt was concluded that in colitis there was a change in MUC2 expression due to changes in lectins accompanied by apoptotic defects.conclusion 相似文献
74.
When developing sea urchin eggs were treated with sea water containing 40% D2O (D2O-SW) at the 8-cell stage, the micromere formation was delayed and micromeres were larger than those seen in the control. But eggs returned to normal artificial sea water (NASW) at the 16- to 32-cell stage did not form abnormal spicules in larvae of Pseudocentrotus depressus. Little effect on the spicule formation of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was also noted. If the culture period in D2O-SW was extended until the hatching stage, the number of plutei with abnormal spicules increased. Primary mesenchyme cells of Pseudocentrotus depressus larvae failed to make two aggregated spicule rudiments on the ventral side of the larva and developed a ring-like spicule. This ring-like spicule, however, only occasionally occurred in the larvae of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. The cell cycle was longer in the presence of D2O. However, blastomeres managed to divide throughout the development. Larvae reared in 20% D2O-SW after the hatching stage developed into quasi-normal plutei but smaller than control. We found no exogastrulation in these larvae. Exogastrulation was found only in larvae continuously cultured in 40% D2O-SW from the early development. These results are inconsistent with previous reports made by other authors. 相似文献
75.
Hernawati Rena Nurhaman Ujang Busson Frédéric Suryobroto Bambang Hanner Robert Keith Philippe Wowor Daisy Hubert Nicolas 《Hydrobiologia》2020,847(2):647-663
Hydrobiologia - Species proliferate through evolutionary mechanisms but coexist through ecological dynamics. As such, it might be expected that mechanisms of speciation and species maintenance... 相似文献