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21.
Shira Weingarten-Gabbay Susan Klaeger Siranush Sarkizova Leah R. Pearlman Da-Yuan Chen Kathleen M.E. Gallagher Matthew R. Bauer Hannah B. Taylor W. Augustine Dunn Christina Tarr John Sidney Suzanna Rachimi Hasahn L. Conway Katelin Katsis Yuntong Wang Del Leistritz-Edwards Melissa R. Durkin Christopher H. Tomkins-Tinch Pardis C. Sabeti 《Cell》2021,184(15):3962-3980.e17
22.
Bruce R. Dorrbecker Susan H. Mercik Paul A. Kramer 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1984,336(1)
A high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure is reported for reproducibly and sensitively quantitating caffeine and its N-demethylated metabolite paraxanthine in micro-samples. A 5-μm reversed-phase radial compression column and 214-nm fixed wavelength ultraviolet detector were used to attain a sensitivity sufficient to quantitate these compounds at concentratios as low as 80 ng/ml using only 25 μl of sample. The assay is applicable to microliter samples of whole blood, serum, plasma, saliva, amniotic, cerebro-spinal and gastric fluids such as might be obtained in studies involving small animals or neonates. The utility of the assay is illustrated with caffeine and paraxanthine levels measured in several maternal and fetal fluids following constant-rate intravenous infusion of caffeine into a rabbit throughout pregnancy. 相似文献
23.
Andrew Leask 《Journal of cell communication and signaling》2010,4(1):71-72
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) is overexpressed in diabetes. Diabetic rats possess myocardial and cardiomyocyte
hypertrophy. In a recent report, Wang and colleagues (Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2009 Jul 22. [Epub ahead of print]) show
that CCN2 directly mediates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as well as that induced by high glucose and fatty acid. CCN2 acted via
the TrkA receptor. These data are the subject of this commentary, and emphasize that CCN2 may be an excellent target for therapy
in diabetes. 相似文献
24.
The ability of an invasive plant to occupy new areas is often attributed to both morphological and physiological plasticities
that allow them to remain viable over a wide range of environmental conditions. Studies addressing the ecological requirements
of Microstegium vimineum often consider soil moisture or soil moisture along with other factors as important explanatory components for the establishment
and persistence of this invasive monocot. However, controlled studies specifically targeting water relations in M. vimineum are needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how different water availabilities influence the growth
and physiological performance of M. vimineum. This study utilized experimental microcosms to achieve different water availabilities including low soil moisture (<15%
water), moderate soil moisture (ca. 20–30%), and flooded conditions. While both flooded and low soil moisture resulted in
diminished growth, M. vimineum still survived under these conditions. Physiological processes including C4 metabolism, minimum stress under low water conditions, and the ability to increase tissue rigidity may confer some advantages
to M. vimineum during periods of limiting water conditions. Similarly, the proportionally low root biomass, shallow root structure, and
its ability to maintain stable water relations during flooding and/or soil waterlogging may facilitate M. vimineum’s ability to invade mesic habitats. It is likely, therefore, that the capacity to tolerate both low soil moistures and flooded
conditions has enhanced the ability of M. vimineum to populate disturbed systems in central North Carolina. 相似文献
25.
A particularly vexing phenomenon within invasion ecology is the occurrence of spontaneous collapses within seemingly well-established exotic populations. Here, we assess the frequency of collapses among 68 exotic bird populations established in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Los Angeles and Miami. Following other published definitions, we define a ‘collapse’ as a decline in abundance of ≥90 % within ≤10 years that lasts for at least 3 years. We show that 44 of the 68 exotic bird populations have exhibited declines at some point within their time series. Sixteen of the populations declined sufficiently to be defined as collapsed. It took on average 3.8 ± 1.8 years for populations to decline into a collapsed state, and this state persisted on average for 7.1 ± 6.3 years across (collapsed) populations. We compared the severity and duration of declines across all 44 declining populations according to taxonomic Order and geographic region. Neither variable explained substantial variation in the metrics of collapse. Our results indicate that severe, rapid, and persistent population declines may be common among exotic populations. We suggest that incorporating the probability and persistence of collapses into management decisions can inform efforts to enact control or eradication measures. We also suggest that applying our approach to other taxa and locations is crucial for improving our understanding of when and where collapses are likely to occur. 相似文献
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29.
David Skelly 《BMC biology》2010,8(1):136
A new study of divergence in freshwater fish provides strong evidence of rapid, temperature-mediated adaptation. This study
is particularly important in the ongoing debate over the extent and significance of evolutionary response to climate change
because divergence has occurred in relatively few generations in spite of ongoing gene flow and in the aftermath of a significant
genetic bottleneck, factors that have previously been considered obstacles to evolution. Climate change may thus be more likely
to foster contemporary evolutionary responses than has been anticipated, and I argue here for the importance of investigating
their possible occurrence. 相似文献
30.
Rebecca R. Sharitz Susan A. Wineriter Michael H. Smith Edwin H. Liu 《American journal of botany》1980,67(9):1297-1303
Biochemical phenotsypes of four taxa of Typha from the eastern United States were determined by starch gel electrophoresis. The isozyme banding patterns of T. latifolia, T. angustifolia and T. domingensis are distinct and allow unambiguous species identification when morphological characters are inadequate or unsuitable. The fourth form, T. glauca, is not an F1 hybrid, but it does appear to be intermediate between T. latifolia and T. angustifolia. The status of T. glauca and evolutionary relationships among the four forms may now be clarified by additional sampling because of the distinct and relatively invariant isozyme banding patterns which are described. 相似文献