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Moayad M Aljarabah Neil R Borley James MD Wheeler 《International Seminars in Surgical Oncology : ISSO》2007,4(1):20
Background
appendiceal tumours are rare, they may be encountered unexpectedly in any acute or elective abdominal operation, many of these tumours are not appreciated intraoperatively and are diagnosed only during formal histopathological analysis of an appendicectomy specimen. Herein we present a case of appendiceal adenocarcinoma presenting as left-sided large bowel obstruction, we also review the literature of unusual presentations of appendiceal tumours.Case Presentation
we report a case of left sided large bowel obstruction found to be secondary to an appendiceal adenocarcinoma. The patient presented with abdominal pain, distension and constipation, CT scan showed large bowel obstruction thought to be due to a sigmoid tumour, on laparotomy the appendix was also noted to be abnormal. A low Hartman's was performed with en-bloc total hysterectomy and bilateral salpigo-oophorectomy. A separate ileocaecal resection with end ileostomy was also performed, pathology specimens showed that the primary neoplasm was the appendix with metastasis to the distal sigmoid.Conclusion
appendiceal tumours are rare, they usually present as acute appendicitis, other presentations are far less common.106.
Henderson AJ Deering D Grabowski JF Hadden M Jiang X Khmelnitsky Y Luche M Surman MD Cheetham S Vickers S Viggers J Guzzo PR 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2010,20(23):7024-7028
A new series of tetrahydrocarbolines with potent MCH-1 antagonist activity were synthesized, using a conformationally constrained design approach towards optimizing pharmacokinetic properties. Two compounds from this series were progressed to a 5-day diet-induced obesity mouse screening model to evaluate their potential as weight loss agents. Both compounds produced a highly significant reduction in weight, which was attributed to their improved pharmacokinetic profile. 相似文献
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The Stomach, Helicobacter pylori, and Acid Secretion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Dorsey DA Mascó DH Dikranian K Hyrc K Masciotra L Faddis B Soriano M Gru AA Goldberg MP de Erausquin GA 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》2006,11(4):535-544
Developing neuronal populations undergo significant attrition by natural cell death. Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia
nigra pars compacta undergo apoptosis during synaptogenesis. Following this time window, destruction of the anatomic target
of dopaminergic neurons results in dopaminergic cell death but the morphology is no longer apoptotic. We describe ultrastructural
changes that appear unique to dying embryonic dopaminergic neurons. In primary cultures of mesencephalon, death of dopaminergic
neurons is triggered by activation of glutamate receptors sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
acid (AMPA), and differs ultrastructurally from both neuronal apoptosis or typical excitotoxicity. AMPA causes morphological
changes selectively in dopaminergic neurons, without affecting other neurons in the same culture dishes. Two hours after the
onset of treatment swelling of Golgi complexes is apparent. At 3 h, dopaminergic neurons display loss of membrane asymmetry
(coinciding with commitment to die), as well as nuclear membrane invagination, irregular aggregation of chromatin, and mitochondrial
swelling. Nuclear changes continue to worsen until loss of cytoplasmic structures and cell death begins to occur after 12 h.
These changes are different from those described in neurons undergoing either apoptosis or excitotoxic death, but are similar
to ultrastructural changes observed in spontaneous death of dopaminergic neurons in the natural mutant weaver mouse. 相似文献
110.
The genome length of human parainfluenza virus type 2 follows the rule of six,and recombinant viruses recovered from non-polyhexameric-length antigenomic cDNAs contain a biased distribution of correcting mutations
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Skiadopoulos MH Vogel L Riggs JM Surman SR Collins PL Murphy BR 《Journal of virology》2003,77(1):270-279
Members of the Paramyxovirinae subfamily of the Paramyxoviridae family of viruses have the unusual requirement that the nucleotide length of the viral genome must be an even multiple of six in order for efficient RNA replication, and hence virus replication, to occur. Human parainfluenza virus type 2 (HPIV2) is the only member of the genus that has been reported to have a genome length that is not an even multiple of six, and it has also been recovered from a full-length antigenomic-sense cDNA that did not conform to the "rule of six." To reexamine the issue of nucleotide length in natural isolates of HPIV2, a complete consensus genomic sequence was determined for three HPIV2 strains: Greer, Vanderbilt/1994 (V94), and Vanderbilt/1998. Each of these strains was found to have a genome length of 15,654 nucleotides (nt), thus conforming in each case to the rule of six. To directly examine the requirement that the genomic length of HPIV2 be an even multiple of six, we constructed six full-length antigenomic HPIV2/V94 cDNAs that deviated from a polyhexameric length by 0 to 5 nt. Recombinant HPIV2s were readily recovered from all of the cDNAs, including those that did not conform to the rule of six. One recombinant HPIV2 isolate was completely sequenced for each of the nonpolyhexameric antigenomic cDNAs. These were found to contain small nucleotide insertions or deletions that conferred polyhexameric length to the recovered genome. Interestingly, almost all of the length corrections occurred within the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and large polymerase genes or the intervening intergenic region and thus were proximal to the insert that caused the deviation from the rule of six. These results demonstrate, in the context of complete infectious virus, that HPIV2 has a strong and seemingly absolute requirement for a polyhexameric genome. 相似文献