全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9166篇 |
免费 | 879篇 |
国内免费 | 966篇 |
专业分类
11011篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 25篇 |
2023年 | 101篇 |
2022年 | 234篇 |
2021年 | 371篇 |
2020年 | 299篇 |
2019年 | 336篇 |
2018年 | 357篇 |
2017年 | 289篇 |
2016年 | 400篇 |
2015年 | 594篇 |
2014年 | 714篇 |
2013年 | 712篇 |
2012年 | 858篇 |
2011年 | 863篇 |
2010年 | 525篇 |
2009年 | 450篇 |
2008年 | 598篇 |
2007年 | 526篇 |
2006年 | 461篇 |
2005年 | 423篇 |
2004年 | 402篇 |
2003年 | 305篇 |
2002年 | 296篇 |
2001年 | 177篇 |
2000年 | 139篇 |
1999年 | 112篇 |
1998年 | 83篇 |
1997年 | 63篇 |
1996年 | 45篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
1950年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
S T Hong B I Kim W G Kho J R Yu J Kook J Y Chai C K Yun S H Lee 《The Korean journal of parasitology》1992,30(3):183-189
Molecular karyotyping was applied to Pneumocystis carinii(Pc) from two strains of experimental rats, Sprague Dawley(SD) and Fisher(F), in Korea. Field inversion gel electrophoresis and contour clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis resolved 15 chromosomal bands from the Pc. The size of the bands was estimated 270kb to 684kb from SD rats, and 273kb to 713 kb from F rats. The bands of 283 kb from SD rats and of 273 kb from F rats stained more brightly suggesting duplicated bands. Total number of chromosomes was at least 16, and total genomic size was estimated 7 x 10(6) bp. All of the bands from F rats hybridized to the probe of repeated DNA sequences of Pc and the band of 448 kb size was proved to contain rDNA sequences, but Pc. chromosome bands from SD rats showed no reactions to the probes. The 2 different karyotypes of P. carinii from 2 strains of rats were maintained consistently for 2 years. 相似文献
33.
Coupling of proadipocyte growth arrest and differentiation. II. A cell cycle model for the physiological control of cell proliferation 总被引:14,自引:3,他引:11 下载免费PDF全文
R E Scott B J Hoerl J J Wille D L Florine B R Krawisz K Yun 《The Journal of cell biology》1982,94(2):400-405
Experimental evidence is presented that supports a cell cycle model showing that there are five distinct biological processes involved in proadipocyte differentiation. These include: (a) growth arrest at a distinct state in the G1 phase of the cell cycle; (b) nonterminal differentiation; (c) terminal differentiation; (d) loss of the differentiated phenotype; and (e) reinitiation of cell proliferation. Each of these events is shown to be regulated by specific human plasma components or other physiological factors. At two states designated GD and GD', coupling of growth arrest and differentiation is shown to occur. We propose that these mechanisms for the coupling of growth arrest and differentiation are physiologically significant and mimic the regulatory processes that control stem cell proliferation in vivo. 相似文献
34.
A spectrophotometric method for determination of bromopyruvate, based on the reaction with 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid, is described. The reaction is complete in 30 min at room temperature in 0.1 m Tris-MES, 1 mm EDTA, pH 8.0. The method is sensitive to at least 1 × 10?5m bromopyruvate. Reagents are stable, easy to prepare, and specific for β-halopyruvate. Bromopyruvate solutions must be prepared fresh daily. Solutions of bromopyruvate at pH 8.0 and 23°C have a half-life of 3 hr. 相似文献
35.
花尾榛鸡冬季活动区及社群行为 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
无线电遥测结果表明,长白山冬季花尾榛鸡的月活动区大小为22.5~6.52hm~2。11月至1月,随着天气变冷,花尾榛鸡的活动区面积明显减小(P<0.001)。冬季花尾榛鸡的日活动范围很小,平均466±127m~2。整个冬季花尾榛鸡的活动中心区出现阶段性改变。花角榛鸡对其活动区有一定的依赖性。花尾榛鸡冬季不存在明显的领域,出现集群行为,这与其栖息地食物丰富与抵御天敌有关。花尾榛鸡集群的组织结构是松散的,缺乏义务性,集群中的个体关系有亲疏,存在2只或2只以上个体组成的小组,同组个体之间的距离大多数情况在150~200m以内的联系范围内。推测花尾榛鸡集群时的活动区面积增大。 相似文献
36.
基于生态系统服务价值重构的干旱内陆河流域生态安全格局优化——以张掖市甘州区为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
干旱区内陆河流域的生态环境极为脆弱,生态系统的微小变化也可能给流域生态安全带来巨大影响。甘州区位于干旱内陆河流域,生态问题突出,重视生态系统自身安全、构建合理的生态安全格局是保障该地区生态安全的有效措施。通过当量因子法估算2000、2005、2010年甘州区生态系统服务的静态价值,在充分考虑各项生态系统服务功能变化率及空间集聚程度对功能发挥影响的基础上,采用生态系统服务优先指数和空间丰富度指数,对甘州区2010年生态系统服务静态价值的估算结果进行动态重构。利用重构后的生态系统服务价值构建了甘州区3种不同安全水平情景下的生态安全格局。结果表明:1)甘州区生态系统服务价值总量逐步上升,各项服务多年变化率差异不大。2)重构后生态系统服务价值量为1438.21—390993元/hm~2,大部分地区为中低值。3)低、中、高安全水平生态安全格局中,生态源地面积分别为155.75 km~2,191.25 km~2和224.5 km~2。基于生态系统服务价值构建的生态安全格局是立足于生态系统服务现状提出的规划策略,可为区域生态保护规划和生态文明建设提供重要依据。 相似文献
37.
Huang Guangping Wang Xiao Hu Yibo Wu Qi Nie Yonggang Dong Jiuhong Ding Yun Yan Li Wei Fuwen 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2021,64(1):88-95
Gut microbiota plays a critical role in host physiology and health. The coevolution between the host and its gut microbes facilitates animal adaptation to its specific ecological niche. Multiple factors such as host diet and phylogeny modulate the structure and function of gut microbiota. However, the relative contribution of each factor in shaping the structure of gut microbiota remains unclear. The giant(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and red(Ailurus styani) pandas belong to different families of order Carnivora. They have evolved as obligate bamboo-feeders and can be used as a model system for studying the gut microbiome convergent evolution. Here, we compare the structure and function of gut microbiota of the two pandas with their carnivorous relatives using 16S rRNA and metagenome sequencing. We found that both panda species share more similarities in their gut microbiota structure with each other than each species shares with its carnivorous relatives. This indicates that the specialized herbivorous diet rather than host phylogeny is the dominant driver of gut microbiome convergence within Arctoidea.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the symbiotic gut microbiota of both pandas possesses a high level of starch and sucrose metabolism and vitamin B12 biosynthesis. These findings suggest a diet-driven convergence of gut microbiomes and provide new insight into host-microbiota coevolution of these endangered species. 相似文献
38.
39.
Yun Zhang Doudou Dong Xiaoting Xu Hui He Yuan Zhu Tingwen Lei Hailong Ou 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2022,298(6)
Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) reduces the ability of cells to mediate reverse cholesterol transport and also shows atherogenic properties. Palmitoylation of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), an important receptor mediating lipoprotein uptake, is required for fatty acid endocytosis. However, the relationship between oxHDL and CD36 has not been described in mechanistic detail. Here, we demonstrate using acyl-biotin exchange analysis that oxHDL activates CD36 by increasing CD36 palmitoylation, which promotes efficient uptake in macrophages. This modification increased CD36 incorporation into plasma lipid rafts and activated downstream signaling mediators, such as Lyn, Fyn, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which elicited enhanced oxHDL uptake and foam cell formation. Furthermore, blocking CD36 palmitoylation with the pharmacological inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate decreased cell surface translocation and lowered oxHDL uptake in oxHDL-treated macrophages. We verified these results by transfecting oxHDL-induced macrophages with vectors expressing wildtype or mutant CD36 (mCD36) in which the cytoplasmic palmitoylated cysteine residues were replaced. We show that cells containing mCD36 exhibited less palmitoylated CD36, disrupted plasma membrane trafficking, and reduced protein stability. Moreover, in ApoE−/−CD36−/− mice, lipid accumulation at the aortic root in mice receiving the mCD36 vector was decreased, suggesting that CD36 palmitoylation is responsible for lipid uptake in vivo. Finally, our data indicated that palmitoylation of CD36 was dependent on DHHC6 (Asp-His-His-Cys) acyltransferase and its cofactor selenoprotein K, which increased the CD36/caveolin-1 interaction and membrane targeting in cells exposed to oxHDL. Altogether, our study uncovers a causal link between oxHDL and CD36 palmitoylation and provides insight into foam cell formation and atherogenesis. 相似文献