全文获取类型
收费全文 | 25097篇 |
免费 | 2011篇 |
国内免费 | 1094篇 |
专业分类
28202篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 57篇 |
2023年 | 241篇 |
2022年 | 642篇 |
2021年 | 999篇 |
2020年 | 678篇 |
2019年 | 843篇 |
2018年 | 977篇 |
2017年 | 682篇 |
2016年 | 1065篇 |
2015年 | 1440篇 |
2014年 | 1675篇 |
2013年 | 1853篇 |
2012年 | 2308篇 |
2011年 | 2020篇 |
2010年 | 1284篇 |
2009年 | 1129篇 |
2008年 | 1450篇 |
2007年 | 1298篇 |
2006年 | 1159篇 |
2005年 | 1002篇 |
2004年 | 843篇 |
2003年 | 797篇 |
2002年 | 637篇 |
2001年 | 458篇 |
2000年 | 381篇 |
1999年 | 351篇 |
1998年 | 225篇 |
1997年 | 172篇 |
1996年 | 132篇 |
1995年 | 135篇 |
1994年 | 104篇 |
1993年 | 78篇 |
1992年 | 125篇 |
1991年 | 118篇 |
1990年 | 113篇 |
1989年 | 87篇 |
1988年 | 81篇 |
1987年 | 67篇 |
1986年 | 56篇 |
1985年 | 58篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 35篇 |
1982年 | 32篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1979年 | 26篇 |
1978年 | 23篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
1972年 | 24篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Sephton CF Cenik C Kucukural A Dammer EB Cenik B Han Y Dewey CM Roth FP Herz J Peng J Moore MJ Yu G 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2011,286(2):1204-1215
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is associated with a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. Although TDP-43 resembles heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, its RNA targets and physiological protein partners remain unknown. Here we identify RNA targets of TDP-43 from cortical neurons by RNA immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (RIP-seq). The canonical TDP-43 binding site (TG)(n) is 55.1-fold enriched, and moreover, a variant with adenine in the middle, (TG)(n)TA(TG)(m), is highly abundant among reads in our TDP-43 RIP-seq library. TDP-43 RNA targets can be divided into three different groups: those primarily binding in introns, in exons, and across both introns and exons. TDP-43 RNA targets are particularly enriched for Gene Ontology terms related to synaptic function, RNA metabolism, and neuronal development. Furthermore, TDP-43 binds to a number of RNAs encoding for proteins implicated in neurodegeneration, including TDP-43 itself, FUS/TLS, progranulin, Tau, and ataxin 1 and -2. We also identify 25 proteins that co-purify with TDP-43 from rodent brain nuclear extracts. Prominent among them are nuclear proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing and RNA stability and transport. Also notable are two neuron-enriched proteins, methyl CpG-binding protein 2 and polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2 (PTBP2). A PTBP2 consensus RNA binding motif is enriched in the TDP-43 RIP-seq library, suggesting that PTBP2 may co-regulate TDP-43 RNA targets. This work thus reveals the protein and RNA components of the TDP-43-containing ribonucleoprotein complexes and provides a framework for understanding how dysregulation of TDP-43 in RNA metabolism contributes to neurodegeneration. 相似文献
992.
Identification of three genetic loci controlling leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana 总被引:20,自引:3,他引:20
Sung Aeong Oh Joon-Hyun Park Gyu In Lee Kyung Hee Paek Soon Ki Park Hong Gil Nam 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》1997,12(3):527-535
Four mutants that show the delayed leaf senescence phenotype were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana . Genetic analyses revealed that they are all monogenic recessive mutations and fall into three complementation groups, identifying three genetic loci controlling leaf senescence in Arabidopsis . Mutations in these loci cause delay in all senescence parameters examined, including chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, relative amount of the large subunit of Rubisco, and RNase and peroxidase activity. Delay of the senescence symptoms was observed during both age-dependent in planta senescence and dark-induced artificial senescence in all of the mutant plants. The results indicate that the three genes defined by the mutations are key genetic elements controlling functional leaf senescence and provide decisive genetic evidence that leaf senescence is a genetically programmed phenomenon controlled by several monogenic loci in Arabidopsis . The results further suggest that the three genes function at a common step of age-dependent and dark-induced senescence processes. It is further shown that one of the mutations is allelic to ein2-1 , an ethylene-insensitive mutation, confirming the role of ethylene signal transduction pathway in leaf senescence of Arabidopsis . 相似文献
993.
Fan Xiaohua Wang Chuanwei Han Junting Ding Xinli Tang Shaocan Ning Liping 《Neurochemical research》2021,46(8):2143-2153
Neurochemical Research - Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel that is involved in the development of neuropathic pain. P2X7 receptor... 相似文献
994.
Shou-Yin Li Cong Chen Zhi-Yi Jia Qing Li Zhi-Zhen Tang Man-Fang Zhong Han Zhu De-Jun Hao 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2021,145(6):530-542
The weevil Pagiophloeus tsushimanus Morimoto (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), native to Eastern Asia, is a wood-boring pest that causes severe damage to camphor trees (Cinnamomum sp.) in Shanghai, China. Other Lauraceae tree species that grew sympatrically with this pest in close proximity could face a potential threat. To assess the potential risks of host shift, we explored the phenotypic associations between preference and performance in P. tsushimanus reared on three Lauraceae tree species. In a no-choice experiment offering branches of each plant as diet material and oviposition sites, we found that individuals reared on Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl (Laurales: Lauraceae) exhibited the strongest performance with shorter development time, higher survival and growth rate in the immature stage, longer longevity and greater fecundity in adults. In contrast, those on novel Lauraceae tree species (Cinnamomum chekiangensis Nakai and Phoebe chekiangensis Shang) had difficulty completing their whole life cycle due to significantly lower survival and reproduction. In a multiple-choice experiment, C. camphora was established as the preferred host. However, we found that the larval experiences on the non-preferred host plants contributed to an increased preference for that plant species. These results indicated that both the preference-performance hypothesis and the Hopkins’ host selection principle are applicable in this weevil under experimental conditions. It is possible that although the weevil performed poorly on two novel Lauraceae tree species, under favourable conditions their surviving offspring could evolve into a new host-specific population. Consequently, this weevil pest needs to be monitored on these novel Lauraceae tree species. 相似文献
995.
996.
Background: Increased serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level was found in a substantial proportion (30–69%) of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but little was known about the clinical properties of NSE in NSCLC.Objective: We aimed to assess the level of serum NSE to predict prognosis and treatment response in patients with advanced or metastatic non-neuroendocrine NSCLC.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 363 patients with advanced and metastatic NSCLC between January 2011 and October 2016. The serum NSE level was measured before initiation of treatment.Results: Patients with high NSE level (≥26.1 ng/ml) showed significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (5.69 vs 8.09 months; P=0.02) and significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than patients with low NSE level (11.41 vs 24.31 months; P=0.01).NSE level was an independent prognostic factor for short PFS (univariate analysis, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.40 (1.71–3.38), P<0.001; multivariate analysis, [HR] = 1.81 (1.28–2.56), P=0.001) and OS (univariate analysis, [HR] = 2.40 (1.71–3.37), P<0.001; multivariate analysis, [HR] = 1.76 (1.24–2.50), P=0.002).Conclusion: The survival of NSCLC patients with high serum NSE level was shorter than that of NSCLC patients with low serum NSE levels. Serum NSE level was a predictor of treatment response and an independent prognostic factor. 相似文献
997.
Both the CTNNBL1 (catenin, β-like1) and DGAT2 (diacylglycerol acyltransferase2) genes play important roles in adipose metabolism. In this study, we cloned these two genes
in pigs. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results showed that both genes were extensively expressed, and CTNNBL1 was at a high level in the heart and spleen, while DGAT2 was most abundant in the liver. In CTNNBL1, one synonymous mutation c.555C>T was identified in the coding region, and association analysis showed that different genotypes
of CTNNBL1 were significantly associated with backfat at the shoulder and backfat at the rump (P < 0.05). In 3′-UTR of DGAT2, an A/G variation was detected by the Bcn I PCR-RFLP method, and different genotypes were significantly associated with backfat between the 6th and 7th ribs (P < 0.05). The allele frequency was tested among 188 unrelated pigs from six breeds. The results showed that for CTNNBL1, the Chinese indigenous breeds had higher frequencies of the C allele whereas the western breed had higher frequency of the
T allele; and for DGAT2, allele A or G were distributed with no obvious difference in allele frequency. IMpRH was employed to localize these two
genes, and CTNNBL1 was assigned to SSC17q21-23 and DGAT2 was assigned to SSC9p23-p24. The results suggest that the porcine CTNNBL1 and DGAT2 genes affect porcine fat deposition and further investigation will be necessary to illustrate the underlying mechanisms. 相似文献
998.
999.
1000.
David A. Mead Susan Lucas Alex Copeland Alla Lapidus Jan-Feng Cheng David C. Bruce Lynne A. Goodwin Sam Pitluck Olga Chertkov Xiaojing Zhang John C. Detter Cliff S. Han Roxanne Tapia Miriam Land Loren J. Hauser Yun-juan Chang Nikos C. Kyrpides Natalia N. Ivanova Galina Ovchinnikova Tanja Woyke Catherine Brumm Rebecca Hochstein Thomas Schoenfeld Phillip Brumm 《Standards in genomic sciences》2012,6(3):381-400