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71.
Mudasir Gani Rakesh Kumar Gupta Sajad Majeed Zargar Gurmeet Kour Md Monobrullah Thamilarasi Kandasamy A. Mohanasundaram 《Applied Entomology and Zoology》2017,52(3):389-399
The Lymantria obfuscata Walker (Lyob) multiple (M) nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) (LyobMNPV) has been isolated and successfully applied for the management of the Indian gypsy moth, L. obfuscata in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India. The present work aimed to investigate the variability of LyobMNPV isolates from six localities of J&K through molecular [amplification of the polyhedrin (polh), late expression factor-8 (lef-8) and late expression factor-9 (lef-9) genes] and biological (bioassays) characterization. To identify the position of LyobMNPV in the phylogenetic tree of baculoviruses, partial sequences of the polh, lef-8 and lef-9 genes were determined by using the DNA sequences within their coding regions by optimizing the polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers. The sequence alignment revealed that LyobMNPV isolates exhibited seven, five and eleven single nucleotide polymorphic sites in the case of polh, lef-8 and lef-9, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses supported placing LyobMNPV with the Lymantria dispar L. MNPV (LdMNPV) isolates from different countries, and showed that it was more closely related to LdMNPV than to Lymantria xylina Swinhoe NPV and Lymantria monacha L. NPV. The contaminated diet plug bioassays using 2nd instar larvae indicated that the median lethal dose (LD50) and median survival time (ST50) of different isolates of LyobMNPV against L. obfuscata were lower than those of LdMNPV against L. dispar. LyobMNPV was more closely related to LdMNPV but its LD50 and ST50 were lower than those of LdMNPV. The study provides novel information on the position of LyobMNPV in the phylogenetic tree of baculoviruses and about biological and genetic variation of Lymantria species’ NPV isolates from different parts of the world. 相似文献
72.
Palliyath Sruthi Abdul Majeed Shackira Jos T. Puthur 《Wetlands Ecology and Management》2017,25(2):129-148
Heavy metals are among the major pollutants from anthropogenic inputs that reach mangrove ecosystem by urban and agricultural runoff, industrial effluents, boating, mining and other processes. To minimize the detrimental effects of heavy metal exposure and their accumulations, plants in general have evolved biological detoxification mechanisms, which include avoidance or exclusion, excretion and accumulation. To protect the cellular components from oxidative damage by heavy metal contamination, biological systems have developed enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. Another detoxification mechanisms produced in plants are osmoprotectants, which are the compatible solutes which maintain a favourable water potential gradient and protect cellular structures from toxic ions. Besides these mechanisms, another heavy metal detoxification system in plants involves the chelation of metals by metal binding molecules like metallothioneins (MTs) and phytochelatins (PCs). To limit the heavy metal toxicity from mangrove ecosystem, it was found that phytoremediation is a most useful technology where in plants are used to remove pollutants from the environment and it is considered as a comparatively new, low-cost and highly promising technology for the remediation of heavy metal. Rhizofiltration, phytovolatilization, phytoextraction and phytostabilization are the important phytoremediation techniques. Among these phytoextraction and phytostabilization are found highly important in the case of mangroves and are promising means of phytoremediation. 相似文献
73.
AB Foraker SM Camus TM Evans SR Majeed CY Chen SB Taner IR Corrêa SJ Doxsey FM Brodsky 《The Journal of cell biology》2012,198(4):591-605
Clathrin depletion by ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) impairs mitotic spindle stability and cytokinesis. Depletion of several clathrin-associated proteins affects centrosome integrity, suggesting a further cell cycle function for clathrin. In this paper, we report that RNAi depletion of CHC17 (clathrin heavy chain 17) clathrin, but not the CHC22 clathrin isoform, induced centrosome amplification and multipolar spindles. To stage clathrin function within the cell cycle, a cell line expressing SNAP-tagged clathrin light chains was generated. Acute clathrin inactivation by chemical dimerization of the SNAP-tag during S phase caused reduction of both clathrin and ch-TOG (colonic, hepatic tumor overexpressed gene) at metaphase centrosomes, which became fragmented. This was phenocopied by treatment with Aurora A kinase inhibitor, suggesting a centrosomal role for the Aurora A-dependent complex of clathrin, ch-TOG, and TACC3 (transforming acidic coiled-coil protein 3). Clathrin inactivation in S phase also reduced total cellular levels of ch-TOG by metaphase. Live-cell imaging showed dynamic clathrin recruitment during centrosome maturation. Therefore, we propose that clathrin promotes centrosome maturation by stabilizing the microtubule-binding protein ch-TOG, defining a novel role for the clathrin-ch-TOG-TACC3 complex. 相似文献
74.
The release of immunoreactive (ir) dynorphin (DYN) and alpha-neoendorphin (ir-ANEO) from the isolated perfused rat duodenum was demonstrated using specific radioimmunoassays (RIAs). Depolarization of the tissue by increasing the potassium (K+) concentration up to 108 mM enhanced the release of ir-DYN and ir-ANEO in Ca2+-dependent manner. Administration of the serotonin-releasing agent fenfluramine (10(-6) M) and the serotonin receptor agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP, 10(-6) M) stimulated the release of ir-DYN and ir-ANEO from the duodenum. A subsequent study revealed that serotonin (5-HT, 10(-6)-10(-4) M) induced a dose-dependent increase in the release of ir-DYN and ir-ANEO from the duodenum. The effect of 5-HT on the release of ir-DYN and ir-ANEO from the duodenum was antagonized by 5-HT antagonist cyproheptadine (10(-6) M). The presence of dynorphin and the related peptides in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and their release from the duodenum in vitro indicate that these peptides may act as transmitters involved in some GIT functions. Furthermore, our results suggest that at least part of 5-HT effects on the GIT may be mediated by the release of dynorphin and the related peptides. 相似文献
75.
Jurnal Reang Kalicharan Sharma Prabodh C. Sharma Vivek Yadav Vinita Sharma Jaseela Majeed 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2023,37(5):e23321
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is crucial in promoting tumor angiogenesis and cancer metastasis. Thus, inhibition of VEGFR-2 has appeared as a good tactic for cancer treatment. To find out novel VEGFR-2 inhibitors, first, the PDB structure of VEGFR-2, 6GQO, was selected based on atomic nonlocal environment assessment (ANOLEA) and PROCHECK assessment. 6GQO was then further used for structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) of different molecular databases, including US-FDA approved drugs, US-FDA withdrawn drugs, may bridge, MDPI, and Specs databases using Glide. Based on SBVS, receptor fit, drug-like filters, and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis of 427877 compounds, the best 22 hits were selected. From the 22 hits, hit 5 complex with 6GQO was put through molecular mechanics/generalized born surface area (MM/GBSA) study and hERG binding. The MM/GBSA study revealed that hit 5 possesses lesser binding free energy with more inferior stability in the receptor pocket than the reference compound. The VEGFR-2 inhibition assay of hit 5 disclosed an IC50 of 165.23 nM against VEGFR-2, which can be possibly enhanced through structural modifications. 相似文献
76.
Two hundred and thirty three samples of lamb carcasses, livers, kidneys and faeces, collected at a local abattoir, were examined to determine the incidence of motile Aeromonas spp. Wash water from the abattoir was also tested. Direct plating on starch ampicillin agar and enrichment in alkaline peptone water were used. The incidence of aeromonads was low. They were detected only after enrichment in 5/47 faecal samples and 11/50 carcass samples. The 41 strains of Aeromonas isolated were identified to species level and 93% of them were able to grow at 5 degrees C. The ability to produce both haemolysin and enterotoxin was species-related and was more common in Aeromonas hydrophila and A. sobria strains than in A. caviae strains. 相似文献
77.
Continolo S Baruzzi A Majeed M Caveggion E Fumagalli L Lowell CA Berton G 《Experimental cell research》2005,302(2):253-269
Fgr participates in integrin signaling in myeloid leukocytes. To examine the role of its specific domains in regulating cell migration, we expressed various Fgr molecules in COS-7 cells. Full-length, membrane-bound Fgr, but not an N-terminal truncation mutant that distributed to an intracellular compartment, increased cell migration on fibronectin and enhanced phosphorylation of the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), cortactin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) at Y397 and Y576. Fgr increased Rac GTP loading, and phosphorylation of the Rac GEF Vav2, and bound to a protein complex formed by the Rho inhibitor p190RhoGAP and FAK, increasing p190RhoGAP phosphorylation, in a manner absolutely dependent on membrane localization. A kinase-defective truncation mutant of Fgr increased cell migration, albeit to a much lower extent than full-length Fgr, and was found to associate with the plasma membrane, to activate Rac and to form complexes with p190RhoGAP/FAK. Formation of complexes between p190RhoGAP, Fgr, and the FAK-related protein Pyk2 were also detected in murine macrophages. These findings suggest that the proto-oncogene Fgr regulates cell migration impinging on a signaling pathway implicating FAK/Pyk2 and leading to activation of Rac and the Rho inhibitor p190RhoGAP. 相似文献
78.
Reconstitution experiments with a chemically synthesized core light-harvesting (LH1) beta-polypeptide analogue having 3-methylhistidine instead of histidine in the position that normally donates the coordinating ligand to bacteriochlorophyll (Bchl) have provided the experimental data needed to assign to B820 one of the two possible alphabeta.2Bchl pairs that are observed in the crystal structure of LH2 from Phaeospirillum (formerly Rhodospirillum) molischianum, the one with rings III and V of Bchl overlapping. Consistent with the assigned structure, experimental evidence is provided to show that significant stabilizing interactions for both the subunit complex (B820) and LH1 occur between the N-terminal regions of the alpha- and beta-polypeptides. On the basis of the results with the chemically synthesized polypeptides used in this study, along with earlier results with protease-modified polypeptides, mutants, and chemically synthesized polypeptides, the importance of a stretch of 9-13 amino acids at the N-terminal end of the alpha- and beta-polypeptides is underscored. A progressive loss of interaction with the LH1 beta-polypeptide was found as the first three N-terminal amino acids of the LH1 alpha-polypeptide were removed. The absence of the N-terminal formylmethionine (fMet), or conversion of the sulfur in this fMet to the sulfoxide, resulted in a decrease in LH1 formation. In addition to the removal of fMet, removal of the next two amino acids also resulted in a decrease in K(assoc) for B820 formation and nearly eliminated the ability to form LH1. It is suggested that the first three amino acids (fMetTrpArg) of the LH1 alpha-polypeptide of Rhodospirillum rubrum form a cluster that is most likely involved in close interaction with the side chain of His -18 (see Figure 1 for numbering of amino acids) of the beta-polypeptide. The results provide evidence that the folding motif of the alpha- and beta-polypeptides in the N-terminal region observed in crystal structures of LH2 is also present in LH1 and contributes significantly to stabilizing the complex. 相似文献
79.
Ali Almasi Arash Rasekh Mehdi Esfandiari Majeed Askari Seyahooei Masumeh Ziaee 《Journal of Asia》2018,21(1):161-167
The broad-spectrum insecticides greatly influence the control of cotton aphids; however, due to frequent chemical control, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) has developed resistance against several classes of synthetic insecticides. In this study, we explored the sub-lethal effects of imidacloprid and pirimicarb, two commonly used insecticides for aphid control, on a parasitoid wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Braconidae: Aphidiinae), when simultaneously used to control melon aphid on cucumber plants, as part of a comprehensive study for integrated pest management. Bioassays of imidacloprid and pirimicarb were performed to calculate LC50 with third instars of A. gossypii. The LC50 of these insecticides (110.55 and 250.89 μg/lit, respectively) were used to expose the wasp larvae, pupae, and adult parasitoids on a cucumber leaf. The percent mortality, percent adult emergence, and sex ratio were calculated during each exposure test. Moreover, the body size, egg load, and mature egg size of wasps surviving the insecticide treatments, as well as the sex ratio of the second generation was evaluated. Regardless of the host aphid mortality, none of the insecticides caused mortality of larval stage of the parasitoid. The insecticide application on pupal stage revealed that the percentage of mortality, sex ratio, body size, and egg load of surviving wasps, as well as the sex ratio of their offspring was adversely affected by imidacloprid, but not by pirimicarb. The present study suggests pirimicarb as a preferred insecticide, with less harmful effects on the fitness components of L. fabarum, for integrated pest management of cotton aphids. 相似文献
80.
Sapna Thakur Shruti Choudhary Amandeep Singh Kamal Ahmad Gagan Sharma Aasim Majeed Pankaj Bhardwaj 《Trees - Structure and Function》2016,30(5):1483-1494