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排序方式: 共有361条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Sumiko Mori Satoru Nirasawa Shiro Komba Takafumi Kasumi 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics》2005,1748(1):26-34
Tripeptidases from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (L9PepTR), L. lactis subsp. cremoris (L6PepTR), and L. lactis subsp. hordniae (hTPepTR) were cloned, overexpressed, purified, and characterized. Although these enzymes contained three to seven naturally occurring amino acid differences, both metal-binding and catalytic sites were highly conserved. The kcat values of hTPepTR were approximately 1.5- to 2-fold higher than those of L9PepTR, while, for L6PepTR, they were approximately 0.8- to 1.4-times the L9PepTR values. The Km of tripeptidase from subsp. lactis (L9PepTR) was considerably larger when glycine was the amino acid located at both the N- and C-terminus of the peptide substrate. In addition, the Km values of L9PepTR increased in the following order for YGG, LGG, FGG, SGG, and α-aminoisobutyrylglycylglycine, while the kcat/Km decreased in the same order. These results suggest that the dipole moment and steric hindrance of the N-terminal amino acid side chain may be the most important factors controlling substrate specificity. 相似文献
52.
Kezhong Zhang Sumiko Kurachi Kotoku Kurachi 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(6):4532-4540
Blood coagulation activity in humans increases with age. We previously identified two genetic elements, age-related stability element (ASE; GAGGAAG) and age-related increase element (AIE; unique stretch of dinucleotide repeats), which were responsible for age-related stable and increasing expression patterns, respectively, and together recapitulated normal age regulation of the human factor IX (hFIX) gene. Here we report the age-regulatory mechanisms of human anticoagulant protein C (hPC), which shows an age-stable pattern of circulatory levels. The murine protein C gene showed an age-related stable expression pattern in general agreement with that of the hPC. Through longitudinal analyses of transgenic mice carrying hPC minigenes, the hPC gene was found to have a functional age-related stability element (hPC ASE; CAGGAAG) in the 5'-upstream proximal region but was found to lack any age-related increase element. Three other ASE-like sequences present in the hPC gene, GAGGAAA and (G/C)AGGATG, also bound nuclear proteins but were not active in the age regulation of the hPC gene. Functional hPC ASE and hFIX ASE were apparently generated through convergent evolution, and hFIX ASE can fully substitute for the hPC ASE in conferring age-related stable expression pattern of the hPC gene. In the presence of the hPC ASE, hFIX AIE can convert the age-stable expression pattern of the hPC gene to a hFIX-like age-related increase pattern. These results support the universality of ASE and AIE functions across different genes. Clearance of hPC protein from the circulation was not significantly affected by age. We now have established the basic mechanisms responsible for the age-related increase of blood coagulation activity. 相似文献
53.
Nana Kawasaki Miyako Ohta Satsuki Itoh Masashi Hyuga Sumiko Hyuga Takao Hayakawa 《Biologicals》2002,30(2):113-123
We have previously reported that sugar-mapping by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) equipped with a graphitized carbon column (GCC) can be useful for structural analysis of carbohydrates in a glycoprotein. In this paper, we evaluated sugar-mapping with regard to its use in comparability assessment of glycoprotein products. Erythropoietins (EPO) produced from three different sources were chosen as models of the closely related glycoprotein products. The two-dimensional displays of sugar maps drawn by LC/MS with GCC clearly showed the differences in carbohydrate heterogeneity with regard to sialylation, acetylation, and sulphation patterns among three EPOs. Exoglycosidase digestion followed by sugar-mapping provided information regarding the structure of characteristic carbohydrates in each EPO. These results demonstrate that LC/MS with GCC can reveal the details of carbohydrate heterogeneity in order to distinguish between closely related glycoprotein products. Our method can thus be useful in comparability assessments of therapeutic glycoproteins. 相似文献
54.
Nobuhiko Arakawa Choten Inagaki Tomiko Kitamura Sumiko Fujiki Masao Fujimaki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1445-1447
A two-dimensional mapping analysis was performed by HPLC for 4 kinds of standard galactosyllactoses (GLs, trisaccharide) which were assumed to be produced from lactose (galactopyranosylβ1→4 glucopyranose) in yogurt during the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. After the pyridylamination of GLs, they were analyzed by HPLC in the reverse-phase (RP) and anion-exchange (AE) modes. The retention times of each peak obtained were converted to glucose units (GU) in RP mode for the pyridylaminated isomaltooligosaccharides (G1-3) and to relative retention time (RRT) in AE mode against pyridylaminated-isomaltotriose, and then the address data [GU, RRT] were plotted on a graph. This two-dimensional mapping method was found useful for a rapid qualitative evaluation of the chemical structure of trisaccharides formed in yogurt. 相似文献
55.
Kazunori Nishimura Sumiko Watanabe Tsunehisa Kaku Setsuo Sugishima 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2018,82(5):821-826
Serum starvation induces binucleation in HeLa cells, but the effects of serum starvation on mitosis and the significance of binucleation remain unknown. We investigated the effect of serum starvation on mitosis and analyzed the growth of binucleated cells. The frequency of binucleation caused by cytokinesis failure in DMEM without FBS (0% medium) was higher than that in DMEM with FBS (10% medium). In 0% medium, the metaphase spindle location was off-center, and RhoA localization significantly lacked symmetry. The frequency of the extension of intercellular bridge with the midbody in 0% medium was significantly higher than that in 10% medium. Moreover, all mononucleated mitotic cells caused bipolar mitosis and produced only mononucleated daughter cells, but binucleated cells produced various nucleated cells by multipolar mitosis in 0% medium. These results suggest that serum starvation may have various effects on mitosis, and binucleated cells may be related to formation of aneuploidy. 相似文献
56.
Dai Fukui Kishio Maeda David A. Hill Sumiko Matsumura Naoki Agetsuma 《Acta theriologica》2005,50(3):309-322
The distribution ofMurina silvatica (Yoshiyuki, 1983) in the Japanese archipelago extends over about 2000 km from north to south. Specimens were obtained from
populations in Hokkaido and Yakushima, which are at the northern and southern ends of the range, and from two intermediate
locations in Honshu. Measurements of cranial and external morphology were examined for evidence of geographical variation.
The results of both multivariate analysis of variance and cluster analysis showed that there was no distinct cline in skull
morphology among the Hokkaido, Tohoku and Chubu populations. However, the results of multivariate analysis of variance showed
that all measures were significantly greater for the Yakushima population than for the others. Similarly, in a dendrogram
of cluster analysis, the Yakushima population formed a cluster that was distinct from the other populations. However, as the
difference between the Yakushima population and the other populations was less than the variation found within the Hokkaido,
Tohoku and Chubu populations, morphological divergence of the Yakushima population was attributable to intraspecific variation.
The island of Yakushima is the most isolated of the four locations and the morphological divergence of this population may
be associated with its relative geographic isolation. 相似文献
57.
Hitomi Y Watanabe S Kizaki T Sakurai T Takemasa T Haga S Ookawara T Suzuki K Ohno H 《Redox report : communications in free radical research》2008,13(5):213-216
Exercise dramatically increases oxygen consumption and causes oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is important in the first-line defence mechanisms against oxidative stress. To investigate the effect of acute exercise on the expression of SOD, we examined the expression of mRNA for three SOD isozymes, in mice run on a treadmill to exhaustion. Six hours after exercise, the expression of extracellular SOD (EC-SOD) mRNA increased significantly in skeletal muscle and persisted for 24 h, whereas no change was observed for cytoplasmic and mitochondrial SOD mRNA. Moreover, acute exercise also induced EC-SOD mRNA in the aorta. These results suggest that a single bout of exercise is enough to augment the expression EC-SOD mRNA in skeletal muscle and the aorta, and may partly explain the beneficial effect of exercise. 相似文献
58.
Chen N Zinchenko AA Yoshikawa Y Araki S Adachi S Yamazoe M Hiraga S Yoshikawa K 《Journal of bacteriology》2008,190(10):3731-3737
Fluorescence microscopic observation of individual T4 DNA molecules revealed that the MukBEF complex (bacterial condensin) and its subunit, the MukB (a member of the SMC [structural maintenance of chromosomes] superfamily) homodimer, of Escherichia coli markedly shrunk large DNA molecules in the presence of hydrolyzable ATP. In contrast, in the presence of ADP or ATP-gammaS, the conformation of DNA was almost not changed. This suggests that the ATPase activity of subunit MukB is essential for shrinking large DNA molecules. Stretching experiments on the shrunken DNA molecules in the presence of ATP and MukBEF indicated a cross-bridging interaction between DNA molecules. 相似文献
59.
Toshio Takahashi Osamu Koizumi Eisuke Hayakawa Sumiko Minobe Rinako Suetsugu Yoshitaka Kobayakawa Thomas C. G. Bosch Charles N. David Toshitaka Fujisawa 《Development genes and evolution》2009,219(3):119-129
From an evolutionary point of view, Hydra has one of the most primitive nervous systems among metazoans. Two different groups of peptides that affect neuron differentiation
were identified in a systematic screening of peptide signaling molecules in Hydra. Within the first group of peptides, a neuropeptide, Hym-355, was previously shown to positively regulate neuron differentiation.
The second group of peptides encompasses the PW family of peptides that negatively regulate neuron differentiation. In this
study, we identified the gene encoding PW peptide preprohormone. Moreover, we made the antibody that specifically recognizes
LPW. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the PW peptides and the gene encoding them were expressed
in ectodermal epithelial cells throughout the body except for the basal disk. The PW peptides are produced by epithelial cells
and are therefore termed “epitheliopeptides.” Together with Hym-355, the PW family peptides mediate communication between
neurons and epithelial cells and thereby maintain a specific density of neurons in Hydra.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Toshio Takahashi, Osamu Koizumi equally contributed to this study. 相似文献
60.
Noemi Baranda-Avila C. Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez Sumiko Morimoto Elizabeth Langley Marco Cerbn 《The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology》2009,113(3-5):259-268
The rodent uterus is a widely studied target tissue for sexual steroid hormone action. The aim of the present study was to assess the molecular mechanism that participates in the initiation of cell proliferation of the rat uterine epithelial cells during the estrus (E)–metestrus (M) transition. Cell proliferation, ERα, c-fos, cyclin D1 and D3, cdk4, and cdk6 proteins were assessed in these animals by immunohistochemistry. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) plasma levels were assessed by RIA. The results indicate that the glandular epithelium starts to proliferate at 21:00 h on estrus day, and initiates at least 3 h before the luminal epithelium does. Fos expression was markedly increased during the afternoon of estrus day, and its increase was in parallel to ERα expression. Interestingly, both, cyclin D1 and D3 were abundantly expressed in the luminal and glandular epithelia, and nuclear immunolabelling of cyclin D1 and D3 precedes BrdU incorporation in the cell. cdk4 and cdk6 were localized in the nuclei in both epithelia throughout the studied time course. In addition, cdk4 was more abundant throughout estrus and metestrus days than cdk6. The overall results indicate that ERα, Fos and cyclins D1 and D3, cdk4 and cdk6 are expressed in both glandular and luminal epithelia of the rat uterus during the E–M transition. In conclusion, there is a good correlation between sequential expression of these proteins and cell cycle progression in the rat uterine epithelial cells during the estrous cycle. However, the differences observed in the cellular localization, time course of expression and the cellular types that express both cyclins between physiological and pharmacological conditions, demonstrated different mechanisms of regulation and should be due to the complex hormonal milieu during the estrous cycle. 相似文献