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排序方式: 共有320条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
41.
Rebecca Kuriyan Sumithra Selvan Tinku Thomas Jayakumar Jayakumar Deepa P. Lokesh Mamatha P. Phillip Jini V. Aravind Anura V. Kurpad 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2018,26(10):1629-1636
Objective
This study aimed to generate age‐ and sex‐specific percentiles for body composition indices in children and to assess the variability in these indices, in relation to BMI.Methods
Anthropometry and body fat were measured with the BOD POD (Cosmed; Rome, Italy) in 9,702 children from Bangalore, India. Smoothed percentile curves using the lambda‐mu‐sigma method were obtained for BMI, fat‐free mass index (FFMI), fat mass index (FMI), and body fat percentage (% BF).Results
Percentile curves for % BF and FMI in boys increased from 6 to 12 years and declined from 13 years on, while in girls, it increased until 15 years. The FFMI percentile curves increased with age in both sexes. The mean FMI declined from 12 years on in boys, corresponding to a large increase in FFMI from that age, while in girls, both FMI and FFMI continued to increase. The 75th percentile of % BF and FMI had greater sensitivity to identify children with obesity.Conclusions
This study developed smoothed percentile curves for body composition in Indian children and suggests FMI and FFMI as good indicators of growth in children.42.
Panchanathan Manivasagan Subramaniyan Bharathiraja Madhappan Santha Moorthy Sudip Mondal Hansu Seo Kang Dae Lee 《Critical reviews in biotechnology》2018,38(5):745-761
In recent years, marine natural pigments have emerged as a powerful alternative in the various fields of food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries because of their excellent biocompatibility, bioavailability, safety, and stability. Marine organisms are recognized as a rich source of natural pigments such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins. Numerous studies have shown that marine natural pigments have considerable medicinal potential and promising applications in human health. In this review, we summarize the marine natural pigments as potential sources for therapeutic applications, including: antioxidant, anticancer, antiangiogenic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory activities, drug delivery, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and wound healing. Marine natural pigments will offer a better platform for future theranostic applications. 相似文献
43.
44.
K. Madhumathi K.T. Shalumon V.V. Divya Rani H. Tamura T. Furuike N. Selvamurugan S.V. Nair R. Jayakumar 《International journal of biological macromolecules》2009,45(1):12-15
Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin is a commonly studied biomaterial for tissue-engineering applications due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, antibacterial activity, wound healing ability and haemostatic properties. However, chitosan has poor mechanical strength due to which its applications in orthopedics are limited. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a natural inorganic component of bone and teeth and has mechanical strength and osteoconductive property. In this work, HAp was deposited on the surface of chitosan hydrogel membranes by a wet chemical synthesis method by alternatively soaking the membranes in CaCl2 (pH 7.4) and Na2HPO4 solutions for different time intervals. These chitosan hydrogel–HAp membranes were characterized using SEM, AFM, EDS, FT-IR and XRD analyses. MTT assay was done to evaluate the biocompatibility of these membranes using MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. The biocompatibility studies suggest that chitosan hydrogel–HAp composite membranes can be useful for tissue-engineering applications. 相似文献
45.
Davis GD Masilamoni JG Arul V Kumar MS Baraneedharan U Paul SF Sakthivelu IV Jesudason EP Jayakumar R 《Cell biology and toxicology》2009,25(4):331-340
During the course of cancer radiation treatment, normal skin invariably suffers from the cytotoxic effects of γ-radiation
and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated from the interaction between radiation and the water molecules in cells.
The present study was designed to investigate the radioprotective role of α-lipoic acid (LA), an antioxidant on murine skin
fibroblasts exposed to a single dose of 2, 4, 6, or 8Gy γ-radiation. Irradiation of fibroblasts significantly increased ROS,
nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001); all of these factors substantially decreased with 100 μM LA treatment. Hydroxyl radical (OH⋅) production from 8Gy irradiated fibroblasts was measured directly by electron spin resonance using spin-trapping techniques.
LA was found to inhibit OH⋅ production at 100-μM concentrations. Dose-dependent depletion of antioxidants, such as catalase and glutathione reductase,
was observed in irradiated fibroblasts (P < 0.001), along with increased superoxide dismutase (P < 0.001). LA treatment restored antioxidant levels. Concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was significantly
reduced in irradiated fibroblasts when treated with LA. MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays demonstrated that LA treatment
reduced cell injury and protected cells against irradiation-induced cytotoxicity. Thus, we conclude that results are encouraging
and need further experiments to demonstrate a possible benefit in cancer patients and the reduction of harmful effects of
radiation therapy. 相似文献
46.
Peter I. Dosa Sonja Strah-Pleynet Honnappa Jayakumar Martin Casper Marc Decaire Yifeng Xiong Juerg Lehmann Karoline Choi Katie Elwell Amy Wong Robert R. Webb John W. Adams Juan Ramirez Jeremy G. Richman William Thomsen Graeme Semple Bradley R. Teegarden 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(18):5486-5489
Potent 5-HT2A inverse-agonists containing phenyl-pyrazole ureas with an amino side chain were identified. Optimization of this series resulted in selective compounds that proved effective in modulating 5HT-induced amplification of ADP-stimulated human platelet aggregation. 相似文献
47.
Denitrification in the ocean is a major sink for fixed nitrogen in the global N budget, but the process is geographically
restricted to a few oceanic regions, including three oceanic oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) and hemipelagic sediments worldwide.
Here, we describe the diversity and community composition of microbes responsible for denitrification in the OMZ using polymerase
chain reaction, sequence and fragment analysis of clone libraries of the signature genes (nirK and nirS) that encode the enzyme nitrite reductase, responsible for key denitrification transformation steps. We show that denitrifying
assemblages vary in space and time and exhibit striking changes in diversity associated with the progression of denitrification
from initial anoxia through nitrate depletion. The initial denitrifying assemblage is highly diverse, but succession on the
scale of 3–12 days leads to a much less diverse assemblage and dominance by one or a few phylotypes. This progression occurs
in the natural environment as well as in enclosed incubations. The emergence of dominants from a vast reservoir of rare types
has implications for the maintenance of diversity of the microbial population and suggests that a small number of microbial
dominants may be responsible for the greatest rates of transformations involving nitrous oxide and global fixed nitrogen loss.
Denitrifying blooms, driven by a few types responding to episodic environmental changes and distributed unevenly in time and
space, are consistent with the sampling effect model of diversity–function relationships. Canonical denitrification thus appears
to have important parallels with both primary production and nitrogen fixation, which are typically dominated by regionally
and temporally restricted blooms that account for a disproportionate share of these processes worldwide. 相似文献
48.
Kekeli Ekoue-Kovi Kimberly Yearick Daniel P. Iwaniuk Jayakumar K. Natarajan John Alumasa Angel C. de Dios Paul D. Roepe Christian Wolf 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2009,17(1):270-283
We report the synthesis and in vitro antimalarial activities of more than 50 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolyl-derived sulfonamides 3–8 and 11–26, ureas 19–22, thioureas 23–26, and amides 27–54. Many of the CQ analogues prepared for this study showed submicromolar antimalarial activity versus HB3 (chloroquine sensitive) and Dd2 (chloroquine resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum) and low resistance indices were obtained in most cases. Systematic variation of the side chain length and introduction of fluorinated aliphatic and aromatic termini revealed promising leads that overcome CQ resistance. In particular, sulfonamide 3 exhibiting a short side chain with a terminal dansyl moiety combined high antiplasmodial potency with a low resistance index and showed IC50s of 17.5 and 22.7 nM against HB3 and Dd2 parasites. 相似文献
49.
Palanisamy Jayakumar Esaki Muthu Shankar Murugesan Karthikeyan 《Bioscience Hypotheses》2009,2(5):282-285
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an inflammatory manifestation that occurs subsequent to initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy in terminal (HAART) HIV infection, mainly due to the restoration of robust immune responses directed against latent microbial antigens. IRIS is believed to be multifactorial and less studied. Herein, we postulate that hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) dysregulation, a well-documented manifestation in HIV/AIDS, could possibly disturb the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines leading to clinical IRIS. Drugs, opportunistic infections, stress and numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors have been described to be the possible causes of IRIS in HIV illness. 相似文献
50.
S. Narasimhan Kishore Kumar Jayakumar Deepthy Uthamaraman Saraswathi Mohan Thangarajeswari Sathyamoorthy Yogesh Kanna Pannerselvam Ezhil 《Redox report : communications in free radical research》2017,22(6):418-429
Objectives: Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting mainly the motor system, as a result of death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The present scenario of research in PD is directed to identify novel molecules that can be administered individually or co-administered with L-Dopa to prevent the L-Dopa-Induced Dyskinesia (LID) like states that arise during chronic L-Dopa administration. Hence, in this study, we investigated whether Morinda citrifolia has therapeutic effects in rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) with special reference to mitochondrial dysfunction mediated intrinsic apoptosis.Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were stereotaxically infused with rotenone (3?µg in both SNPc and VTA) and co-treated with the ethyl acetate extract of Morinda citrifolia and levodopa.Results: The results revealed that rotenone-induced cell death was reduced by MCE treatment as measured by decline in the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins. Moreover, MCE treatment significantly augmented the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and blocks the release of cytochrome c, thereby alleviating the rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss, as evidenced by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining in the striatum.Discussion: Taken together, the results suggest that Morinda citrifolia may be beneficial for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like PD. 相似文献