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51.
The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in neonatal rat on the bile acid pool and composition during adult life was investigated. Unlike the effect of diabetes in adult rats (where bile acid pool increases markedly), neonatal diabetes caused a reduction in bile acid pool in adult life in females (but not in males) with significant reduction in both cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids. Upon challenge with dietary cholesterol, only the female diabetic rat responded with a further reduction in total bile acid pool. These studies demonstrate a selective sensitivity in the female diabetic rat with regard to diabetes-induced changes in bile acid pool. 相似文献
52.
Electrocatalysis: Bifunctional Electrocatalytic Activity of Boron‐Doped Graphene Derived from Boron Carbide (Adv. Energy Mater. 17/2015) 下载免费PDF全文
53.
Shradha Prabhulkar Subbiah Alwarappan Guodong Liu Chen-Zhong Li 《Biosensors & bioelectronics》2009,24(12):3524-3530
In this paper, a highly sensitive, reagentless, electrochemical strategy is reported for the detection of a cancer biomarker-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Disc shaped carbon fiber microelectrodes were used as the immunosensor platform. Ferrocene monocarboxylic acid labeled anti-VEGF was covalently immobilized on the microelectrode surface using a Jeffamine cross-linker. The formation of immunocomplexes leads to a decrease in the electrochemical signal of ferrocene monocarboxylic acid owing to increased spatial blocking of microelectrode surface. These signal changes enable quantitative detection of VEGF in solution. Voltammetric measurements were conducted to evaluate the interfacial immunoreactions and to quantitatively detect VEGF biomarker. The proposed immunosensing strategy allows a rapid and sensitive means of VEGF analysis with a limit of detection of about 38 pg/mL. This opens up the possibility of employing these electrodes for various single cell analysis and clinical applications. Further, experimental conditions such as concentration of the immobilized antibodies and incubation period were optimized. Following this, the stability and specificity of the immunosensors were also evaluated. 相似文献
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Intramuscular administration to female rabbits of 2 mg/kg ethinylestradiol every other day for 10 days increased the uptake and incorporation of [14C]arachidonic acid into platelet lipids, and increased the proportion of [14C]arachidonic acid released from platelets after stimulation by thrombin. The conversion of [14C]arachidonic acid to thromboxane B2 did not differ between the control and ethinylestradiol-treated groups. Thus, the results of this study indicate that the major site in the prostaglandin metabolic pathway influenced by estrogen is the incorporation and release of arachidonic acid in platelet phospholipids. 相似文献
57.
A genetically hypercholesterolemic strain of rats was selectively bred, starting from an ordinary albino mutant of Rattus norvegicus. The new strain was given the designation RICO, standing for rats with increased cholesterol. In these animals, hypercholesterolemia is established, in both sexes, one day after weaning, and it increases progressively thereafter. It is due to elevated concentrations of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol. As in the ordinary rat, the HDL fraction makes up the main part of the serum cholesterol in the RICO rat. Metabolic studies revealed that in the RICO strain the overall rate of hepatic cholesterol synthesis is accelerated, as a result of higher than normal activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. The activity of cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase is decreased in RICO rats, indicating a lower than normal rate of cholesterol catabolism. No difference was found between RICO and ordinary rats with respect to fecal excretion of bile acids and cholesterol. 相似文献
58.
M T Subbiah 《Steroids》1979,33(3):305-315
This study for the first time has simultaneously assayed three cholesteryl ester hydrolase activities located in the various subcellular fractions (lysosomal, microsomal, and soluble) of the aorta and their significance in aortic cholesteryl ester accumulation during genetic and cholesterol-fed atherosclerosis is assessed. When the enzyme activities in the aorta of age-matched atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau and atherosclerosis-resistant Show Racer pigeons were compared, a decrease in microsomal cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity was found during the period of cholesteryl ester accumulation. However, under cholesterol-fed conditions (which further increase cholesteryl ester accumulation), an increase in lysosomal cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity and a decrease in soluble cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity was found. These studies have documented differences in response in specific cholesteryl ester hydrosases of the aorta to genetic and cholesterol-fed atherogenesis and warrant further studies to investigate the effect of hormonal and dietary factors on the activities of these enzymes. 相似文献
59.
Recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing a foreign viral antigen is attenuated and highly immunogenic in primates 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7 下载免费PDF全文
Bukreyev A Huang Z Yang L Elankumaran S St Claire M Murphy BR Samal SK Collins PL 《Journal of virology》2005,79(21):13275-13284
Paramyxoviruses such as human parainfluenza viruses that bear inserts encoding protective antigens of heterologous viruses can induce an effective immunity against the heterologous viruses in experimental animals. However, vectors based on common human pathogens would be expected to be restricted in replication in the adult human population due to high seroprevalence, an effect that would reduce vector immunogenicity. To address this issue, we evaluated Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus that is serotypically distinct from common human pathogens, as a vaccine vector. Two strains were evaluated: the attenuated vaccine strain LaSota (NDV-LS) that replicates mostly in the chicken respiratory tract and the Beaudette C (NDV-BC) strain of intermediate virulence that produces mild systemic infection in chickens. A recombinant version of each virus was modified by the insertion, between the P and M genes, of a gene cassette encoding the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein, a test antigen with considerable historic data. The recombinant viruses were administered to African green monkeys (NDV-BC and NDV-LS) and rhesus monkeys (NDV-BC only) by combined intranasal and intratracheal routes at a dose of 10(6.5) PFU per site, with a second equivalent dose administered 28 days later. Little or no virus shedding was detected in nose-throat swabs or tracheal lavages following immunization with either strain. In a separate experiment, direct examination of lung tissue confirmed a highly attenuated, restricted pattern of replication by parental NDV-BC. The serum antibody response to the foreign HN protein induced by the first immunization with either NDV vector was somewhat less than that observed following a wild-type HPIV3 infection; however, the titer following the second dose exceeded that observed with HPIV3 infection, even though HPIV3 replicates much more efficiently than NDV in these animals. NDV appears to be a promising vector for the development of vaccines for humans; one application would be in controlling localized outbreaks of emerging pathogens. 相似文献
60.
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - Glycogen synthase, the regulatory enzyme of glycogen synthesis undergoes multisite phosphorylation leading to its inactivation. The kinases responsible for... 相似文献