Determination of polyphenolic complex in wines by electrochemical methods and using the enzymes tyrosinase and laccase

Several red wines were studied to find a correlation between physicochemical parameters characterizing the antioxidant status of wine and total content of phenols in samples. The content of dissolved oxygen (its value varied from 0.75 to 3.28 mg/ml), pH (3.10-3.63), redox potential (-186 to -106 mV), mass concentration of free and total sulfur dioxide (10-30 and 36-200 mg/dm3, respectively), absorption spectra, and total phenol content were determined. The wines fell into two main groups-with a relatively low (1850-2050 mg/dm3) and high (2300-2900 mg/dm3) contents of polyphenols. It was demonstrated that physicochemical parameters (except for the content of sulfur dioxide) correlate with the total phenol content in the wines studied.     

Mechanism of the formation of micronuclei in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes from human peripheral blood

The micronuclei of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes were assayed by comparison of electron microscopy and light microscopy data. The length of the cell cycle was checked by the flow cytofluorimetry method. Both the variability of the apoptosis stages and the increase in (G2+M) period in gamma-irradiated cultures were found. It is concluded that at least part of the micronuclei results from the cell nucleus "partition" during the apoptosis type cell death.     

Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic eremomycin. Chronic toxicity and effect on intrauterine development of rats

Toxicity of eremomycin was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino rats, guinea pigs and dogs in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for humans i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the dogs after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of alanine aminotransferase and a rise in the level of urea in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino rats and dogs showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by eremomycin were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with guinea pigs. Studies with rats revealed that eremomycin had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.     

Mathematical model of the effect of glucocorticoids on the movement and proliferation kinetics of mammalian lymphocytes

Effect of glucocorticoids on proliferation, death and migration of T-lymphocytes was studied by mathematical methods. A model of the interaction between hormone and thymus T1-lymphocytes is proposed which imitates involution of lymphoid tissue under stress. There were constructed models of migrations of free and radioactive chromium labeled lymphocytes in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, blood and lymph at arbitrary concentration of glucocorticoids in the blood. Possible mechanisms of immunodepression due to increased hormone concentrations in the organism are discussed.     

Fluorescence microscopic and autoradiographic analyses of the differential reaction of various regions of polytene chromosomes in Chironomus to prolonged exposure to 7-amino-actinomycin D and 3H-actinomycin D

Dynamics of binding of a fluorescent analogue of actinomycin D -- 7-amino-actinomycin D -- and 3H-actinomycin D with polytene chromosomes of Ch. thummi was studied. Biological effects of AMD, 7-amino-AMD, and 3H-AMD on polytene chromosomes were found to be similar. These ligands provoke the reduction of the nucleolus and Balbiani rings and the appearance of giant pseudo-puffs in heterochromatic centromere regions of polytene chromosomes. There was no intermediate binding of 7-amino-AMD to DNA in vivo both after a longterm treatment of larvae with fluorochrome and in chase experiments. It was found that a loosening of chromatin in centromere regions accompanied by a weakening of its fluorescence took place in the formation of pseudo-puffs. Possible mechanisms of pseudo-puff formation under the influence of AMD and 7-amino-AMD are discussed. Essential factors may be peculiarities of DNA nucleotide composition in centromere regions, DNA packing, alteration of physico-chemical properties of DNA in the complex with AMD (despiralizations and elongation), and an inhibition of RNA synthesis necessary for the maintenance of normal structure of polytene chromosomes.     

Intergeneric conjugational crossing of Escherichia coli with Salmonella typhimurium. II. Transfer of a polA1 mutation from Escherichia coli to Salmonella typhimurium and its phenotypic expression in the salmonella genome]

The Escherichia coli structural gene for DNA polymerase I was inserted into Salmonella typhimurium chromosome by conjugal transfer. The genetic analysis of P1-mediated transduction of obtained hybrid showed that polA gene is located in it between metE and rha loci and is cotransduced with metE (about 50%) and rha (12%). The phenotypic properties of polA1 hybrid E. coliXS. typhimurium concerning UV-MMS-NG and gamma-ray sensitivity are similar to the polA1 mutants of E. coli.     

Concentrations of myosin-activating protein kinases in the myocardium of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and in animal heart

Skeletal myosin light chain kinase in the myocardia of various animal species was identified by immunoblotting. The myocardial concentrations of this protein and myosin-activating protein kinases (RhoA-activated kinase, integrin-linked kinase, and zipper-interacting kinase) were compared in healthy humans and patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Skeletal myosin light chain kinase was detected in the human and chicken embryo hearts, rather than in the embryonic and adult rat hearts. In the myocardium of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the concentrations of myosin light chain kinase, RhoA-activated kinase, and integrin-linked kinase increase and the concentration of zipper-interacting kinase decreases. The results obtained are likely to characterize compensatory processes in cardiomyocytes in dilated cardiomyopathy that are aimed at increasing their viability and contractility.