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151.
Elena Flaugnacco Luisa Lopez Chiara Terribili Marcella Montico Stefania Zoia Daniele Sch?n 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
There is some evidence for a role of music training in boosting phonological awareness, word segmentation, working memory, as well as reading abilities in children with typical development. Poor performance in tasks requiring temporal processing, rhythm perception and sensorimotor synchronization seems to be a crucial factor underlying dyslexia in children. Interestingly, children with dyslexia show deficits in temporal processing, both in language and in music. Within this framework, we test the hypothesis that music training, by improving temporal processing and rhythm abilities, improves phonological awareness and reading skills in children with dyslexia. The study is a prospective, multicenter, open randomized controlled trial, consisting of test, rehabilitation and re-test (ID NCT02316873). After rehabilitation, the music group (N = 24) performed better than the control group (N = 22) in tasks assessing rhythmic abilities, phonological awareness and reading skills. This is the first randomized control trial testing the effect of music training in enhancing phonological and reading abilities in children with dyslexia. The findings show that music training can modify reading and phonological abilities even when these skills are severely impaired. Through the enhancement of temporal processing and rhythmic skills, music might become an important tool in both remediation and early intervention programs.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02316873 相似文献152.
Tasha M. Santiago-Rodriguez Gino Fornaciari Stefania Luciani Scot E. Dowd Gary A. Toranzos Isolina Marota Raul J. Cano 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
The process of natural mummification is a rare and unique process from which little is known about the resulting microbial community structure. In the present study, we characterized the microbiome of paleofeces, and ascending, transverse and descending colon of an 11th century A.D. pre-Columbian Andean mummy by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics. Firmicutes were the most abundant bacterial group, with Clostridium spp. comprising up to 96.2% of the mummified gut, while Turicibacter spp. represented 89.2% of the bacteria identified in the paleofeces. Microbiome profile of the paleofeces was unique when compared to previously characterized coprolites that did not undergo natural mummification. We identified DNA sequences homologous to Clostridium botulinum, Trypanosoma cruzi and human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Unexpectedly, putative antibiotic-resistance genes including beta-lactamases, penicillin-binding proteins, resistance to fosfomycin, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, macrolides, sulfa, quinolones, tetracycline and vancomycin, and multi-drug transporters, were also identified. The presence of putative antibiotic-resistance genes suggests that resistance may not necessarily be associated with a selective pressure of antibiotics or contact with European cultures. Identification of pathogens and antibiotic-resistance genes in ancient human specimens will aid in the understanding of the evolution of pathogens as a way to treat and prevent diseases caused by bacteria, microbial eukaryotes and viruses. 相似文献
153.
Georgios Hadjigeorgiou Efthimios Dardiotis Georgios Tsivgoulis Triantafyllos Doskas Damianos Petrou Nikolaos Makris Nikolaos Vlaikidis Thomas Thomaidis Athanasios Kyritsis Nikolaos Fakas Xoulietta Treska Clementine Karageorgiou Stefania Sotirli Christos Giannoulis Dimitra Papadimitriou Ioannis Mylonas Evaggelos Kouremenos George S. Vlachos Dimitrios Georgiopoulos Despoina Mademtzoglou Michalis Vikelis Elias Zintzaras 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
154.
Chiara Barbieri Paul Heggarty Daniele Yang Yao Gianmarco Ferri Sara De Fanti Stefania Sarno Graziella Ciani Alessio Boattini Donata Luiselli Davide Pettener 《American journal of physical anthropology》2014,155(4):600-609
The Yanesha are a Peruvian population who inhabit an environment transitional between the Andes and Amazonia. They present cultural traits characteristic of both regions, including in the language they speak: Yanesha belongs to the Arawak language family (which very likely originated in the Amazon/Orinoco lowlands), but has been strongly influenced by Quechua, the most widespread language family of the Andes. Given their location and cultural make‐up, the Yanesha make for an ideal case study for investigating language and population dynamics across the Andes‐Amazonia divide. In this study, we analyze data from high and mid‐altitude Yanesha villages, both Y chromosome (17 STRs and 16 SNPs diagnostic for assigning haplogroups) and mtDNA data (control region sequences and 3 SNPs and one INDEL diagnostic for assigning haplogroups). We uncover sex‐biased genetic trends that probably arose in different stages: first, a male‐biased gene flow from Andean regions, genetically consistent with highland Quechua‐speakers and probably dating back to Inca expansion; and second, traces of European contact consistent with Y chromosome lineages from Italy and Tyrol, in line with historically documented migrations. Most research in the history, archaeology and linguistics of South America has long been characterized by perceptions of a sharp divide between the Andes and Amazonia; our results serve as a clear case‐study confirming demographic flows across that ‘divide’. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:600–609, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. American journal of physical Anthropology published by Wiley Periodocals, Inc. 相似文献
155.
Roberta Besio Stefania Alleva Antonella Forlino Anna Lupi Carlo Meneghini Velia Minicozzi Antonella Profumo Francesco Stellato Ruggero Tenni Silvia Morante 《European biophysics journal : EBJ》2010,39(6):935-945
In this paper we provide a detailed biochemical and structural characterization of the active site of recombinant human prolidase,
a dimeric metalloenzyme, whose misfunctioning causes a recessive connective tissue disorder (prolidase deficiency) characterized
by severe skin lesions, mental retardation and respiratory tract infections. It is known that the protein can host two metal
ions in the active site of each constituent monomer. We prove that two different kinds of metals (Mn and Zn) can be simultaneously
present in the protein active sites with the protein partially maintaining its enzymatic activity. Structural information
extracted from X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements have been used to yield a full reconstruction of the atomic environment
around each one of the two monomeric active sites. In particular, as for the metal ion occupation configuration of the recombinant
human prolidase, we have found that one of the two active sites is occupied by two Zn ions and the second one by one Zn and
one Mn ion. In both dinuclear units a histidine residue is bound to a Zn ion. 相似文献
156.
Ilaria Lamberto Riccardo Percudani Rita Gatti Claudia Folli Stefania Petrucco 《The Plant cell》2010,22(5):1564-1574
S-allantoin, a major ureide compound, is produced in plant peroxisomes from oxidized purines. Sequence evidence suggested that the Transthyretin-like (TTL) protein, which interacts with brassinosteroid receptors, may act as a bifunctional enzyme in the synthesis of S-allantoin. Here, we show that recombinant TTL from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyzes two enzymatic reactions leading to the stereoselective formation of S-allantoin, hydrolysis of hydroxyisourate through a C-terminal Urah domain, and decarboxylation of 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline through an N-terminal Urad domain. We found that two different mRNAs are produced from the TTL gene through alternative use of two splice acceptor sites. The corresponding proteins differ in the presence (TTL1−) and the absence (TTL2−) of a rare internal peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS2). The two proteins have similar catalytic activity in vitro but different in vivo localization: TTL1− localizes in peroxisomes, whereas TTL2− localizes in the cytosol. Similar splice variants are present in monocots and dicots. TTL originated in green algae through a Urad-Urah fusion, which entrapped an N-terminal PTS2 between the two domains. The presence of this gene in all Viridiplantae indicates that S-allantoin biosynthesis has general significance in plant nitrogen metabolism, while conservation of alternative splicing suggests that this mechanism has general implications in the regulation of the ureide pathway in flowering plants. 相似文献
157.
Ivana Caputo Maria Vittoria Barone Marilena Lepretti Stefania Martucciello Ivan Nista Riccardo Troncone Salvatore Auricchio Daniele Sblattero Carla Esposito 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2010,1802(9):717-727
Celiac disease is characterized by the secretion of IgA-class autoantibodies that target tissue transglutaminase (tTG). It is now recognized that anti-tTG antibodies are functional and not mere bystanders in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. Here we report that interaction between anti-tTG antibodies and extracellular membrane-bound tTG inhibits peptide 31–43 (but not peptide 57–68) uptake by cells, thereby impairing the ability of p31–43 to drive Caco-2 cells into S-phase. This effect did not involve tTG catalytic activity. Because anti-tTG antibodies interfered with epidermal growth factor endocytosis, we assume that they exert their effect by reducing peptide 31–43 endocytosis. Our results suggest that cell-surface tTG plays a hitherto unknown role in the regulation of gliadin peptide uptake and endocytosis. 相似文献
158.
Cord Dr?gemüller Jens Tetens Snaevar Sigurdsson Arcangelo Gentile Stefania Testoni Kerstin Lindblad-Toh Tosso Leeb 《PLoS genetics》2010,6(8)
Arachnomelia is a monogenic recessive defect of skeletal development in cattle. The causative mutation was previously mapped to a ∼7 Mb interval on chromosome 5. Here we show that array-based sequence capture and massively parallel sequencing technology, combined with the typical family structure in livestock populations, facilitates the identification of the causative mutation. We re-sequenced the entire critical interval in a healthy partially inbred cow carrying one copy of the critical chromosome segment in its ancestral state and one copy of the same segment with the arachnomelia mutation, and we detected a single heterozygous position. The genetic makeup of several partially inbred cattle provides extremely strong support for the causality of this mutation. The mutation represents a single base insertion leading to a premature stop codon in the coding sequence of the SUOX gene and is perfectly associated with the arachnomelia phenotype. Our findings suggest an important role for sulfite oxidase in bone development. 相似文献
159.
Gianni Ciofani Serena Danti Stefania Moscato 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,394(2):405-3810
Thanks to a non-covalent wrapping with glycol-chitosan, highly biocompatible and highly concentrated dispersions of boron nitride nanotubes were obtained and tested on human neuroblastoma cells. A systematic investigation of the cytotoxicity of these nanovectors with several complementary qualitative and quantitative assays allowed a strong interference with the MTT metabolic assay to be highlighted, similar to a phenomenon already observed for carbon nanotubes, that would wrongly suggest toxicity of boron nitride nanotubes. These results confirm the high complexity of these new nanomaterials, and the needing of extensive investigations on their exciting potential applications in the biomedical field. 相似文献
160.
Sonia Lewycka Charles Mwansambo Peter Kazembe Tambosi Phiri Andrew Mganga Mikey Rosato Hilda Chapota Florida Malamba Stefania Vergnano Marie-Louise Newell David Osrin Anthony Costello 《Trials》2010,11(1):1-15