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91.
Babacar Diao Alain Khassim Ndoye Papa Ahmed Fall Lamine Niang Anani Odzebe Ibrahima Bah Yaya Sow Mamadou Ba Baye Assane Diagne 《Andrologie》2007,17(3):223-229
Methodology
This was a transverse randomized survey of subjects over the age of 18 years. Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire composed of two parts. The first part contained information on demographic characteristics, associated diseases, erectile dysfunction and associated sexual disorders and the second part was based on IIEF5. Two groups were identified: a group with erectile dysfunction (ED group) and another group without erectile dysfunction (No ED group). Differences between the two groups were considered to be statistically significant for p ≤ 0.05 on the Chi-square test.Results
The global prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 26%. The prevalence by age-group revealed a progressive increase of ED with age from 11% between 20 and 30 years to 76% between 70 and 80 years. The rate of polygamous men was significantly higher in the group with ED (29.2%) compared to the group without ED (6.6%) (p < 0.0001) and the severity of ED increased in relation to the number of wives. Chronic alcoholism was significantly more frequent in the group with ED (p = 0.023). The frequency of ED increased with the duration of cigarette smoking from 11.9% for less than 5 years, 16.9% between 5 years and 10 years and 71.2% for more than 10 years. Some diseases (diabetes, hypertension and depression) were significantly more frequent in the group with ED. Analysis of the type of ED revealed that secondary erectile dysfunction was more frequent (95.6%) than primary erectile dysfunction (4.4%). Associated sexual disorders were significantly more frequent in the group with ED. 相似文献92.
93.
A study of sea level fluctuation records based on foraminiferal assemblages was carried out for the first time in a sediment core taken at the Lac Retba edge. A total of 37 foraminifera species were collected along the core, among which most are known in the modern estuaries and lagoons of Senegal. A succession of four assemblages dominated by Ammonia parkinsoniana and A. tepida were identified; they correspond to different stages of evolution of the lake. The first association, at the base of the core, indicates a lagoon slightly opened to the sea and bordered with vegetation, under relatively humid climate. The second has the richest and most diversified microfauna with a high proportion of coastal, marine benthic and planktonic species (about 10%) that indicate a small coastal gulf bordered with mangroves. The third association is oligospecific and typical of a closed and hypersaline lagoon under a dry climate. The last association again contains coastal, marine benthic and scarce planktonic species (3%) indicating a change to a saltier and more open lagoon under dry climate. The disappearance of planktonic foraminifera at the top of the core indicates the closure of the lagoon. The biocenotic indicators are evidence for two marine intrusions that are referred to the Dakarian (3000 years B.P.) and Saint-Louisian (2140-680 years B.P.) stages of the Upper Holocene of the senegalo-mauritanian stratigraphic scale. Evidence of the Lac Retba closure since 680 years B. P. appears in the core by high reduction of foraminifers’ abundance and diversity absence of planktonic species, and salts precipitated at the bottom of the lake. 相似文献
94.
Tim Downing David J. Lynn Sarah Connell Andrew T. Lloyd AK Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan Pradeepa Silva Arifa N. Naqvi Rahamame Sanfo Racine-Samba Sow Baitsi Podisi Cliona O’Farrelly Olivier Hanotte Daniel G. Bradley 《Immunogenetics》2009,61(4):303-314
There have been significant evolutionary pressures on the chicken during both its speciation and its subsequent domestication
by man. Infectious diseases are expected to have exerted strong selective pressures during these processes. Consequently,
it is likely that genes associated with disease susceptibility or resistance have been subject to some form of selection.
Two genes involved in the immune response (interferon-γ and interleukin 1-β) were selected for sequencing in diverse chicken
populations from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Kenya, Senegal, Burkina Faso and Botswana, as well as six outgroup samples
(grey, green, red and Ceylon jungle fowl and grey francolin and bamboo partridge). Haplotype frequencies, tests of neutrality,
summary statistics, coalescent simulations and phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood were used to determine the population
genetic characteristics of the genes. Networks indicate that these chicken genes are most closely related to the red jungle
fowl. Interferon-γ had lower diversity and considerable coding sequence conservation, which is consistent with its function
as a key inflammatory cytokine of the immune response. In contrast, the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin 1-β had higher diversity
and showed signals of balancing selection moderated by recombination, yielding high numbers of diverse alleles, possibly reflecting
broader functionality and potential roles in more diseases in different environments.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
95.
The divergent domains of the NEFA and nucleobindin proteins are derived from an EF-hand ancestor 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Karabinos A; Bhattacharya D; Morys-Wortmann C; Kroll K; Hirschfeld G; Kratzin HD; Barnikol-Watanabe S; Hilschmann N 《Molecular biology and evolution》1996,13(7):990-998
The human protein NEFA (DNA binding, EF-hand, Acidic region) has previously
been isolated from a KM3 cell line and immunolocalized on the plasma
membrane, in the cytoplasma, and in the culture medium. Sequence analysis
of a cDNA clone encoding NEFA identified a hydrophilic domain, two
EF-hands, and a leucine zipper at the C- terminus. These characters are
shared with nucleobindin (Nuc). In this paper we have further characterized
NEFA and probed its evolutionary origins. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra
of recombinant NEFA indicated a helical content of 51% and showed that the
EF-hands are capable of binding Ca2+. Experiments with recombinant NEFA and
synthesized peptides revealed that the leucine zipper cannot form a
homodimer. The leucine zipper may allow heterodimer formation of NEFA and
an unknown protein. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that this protein is
derived from a four-domain EF-hand ancestor with subsequent duplications
and fusions. The leucine zipper and putative DNA-binding domains of NEFA
have evolved secondarily from existing EF-hand sequences. These analyses
provide insights into how complex proteins may originate and trace the
precursor of NEFA to the common ancestor of eukaryotes.
相似文献
96.
We sequenced the entire control region and portions of flanking genes
(tRNA(Phe), tRNA(Glu), and ND6) in the common chaffinch (Fringilla
coelebs), blue chaffinch (F. teydea), brambling (F. montifringilla), and
greenfinch (Carduelis chloris). In these finches the control region is
similar in length (1,223-1,237 bp) and has the same flanking gene order as
in other birds, and contains a putative TAS element and the highly
conserved CSB-1 and F, D, and C boxes recognizable in most vertebrates.
Cloverleaf-like structures associated with the TAS element at the 5' end
and CSB-1 at the 3' end of the control region may be involved with the stop
and start of D-loop synthesis, respectively. The pattern of nucleotide and
substitution bias is similar to that in other vertebrates, and consequently
the finch control region can be subdivided into a central, conserved G-rich
domain (domain II) flanked by hypervariable 5'-C-rich (domain I) and
3'-AT-rich (domain III) segments. In pairwise comparisons among finch
species, the central domain has unusually low transition/transversion
ratios, which suggests that increased G + T content is a functional
constraint, possibly for DNA primase efficiency. In finches the relative
rates of evolution vary among domains according to a ratio of 4.2 (domain
III) to 2.2 (domain I) to 1 (domain II), and extensively among sites within
domains I and II. Domain I and III sequences are extremely useful in
recovering intraspecific phylogeographic splits between populations in
Africa and Europe, Madeira, and a basal lineage in Nefza, Tunisia. Domain
II sequences are highly conserved, and are therefore only useful in
conjunction with sequences from domains I and III in phylogenetic studies
of closely related species.
相似文献
97.
Red blood cells from neonatal calves, but not from adult cows, rapidly hemolyze in buffered 300 mM solutions of a variety of nonelectrolytes and amino acids. Of these compounds, sucrose is chosen to elucidate the mechanism by which this preferential hemolysis takes place. As in other mammalian red cells, both calf and cow cells are found to be impermeable to sucrose and, in an isosmolar sucrose solution, to undergo volume shrinkage caused by the net loss of chloride ions with concomitant increase in intracellular pH. To test the potential role of intracellular pH change associated with chloride loss in promoting hemolysis, intracellular pH was altered by: (a) a direct addition of fixed acid or base to sucrose solution; (b) the removal of dissolved CO(2) from sucrose solution; and (c) the addition of cells to isotonic NaHCO(3) solution in the absence of sucrose. In all cases, only calf and not cow cells underwent hemolysis. Moreover, 4-acetamido-4’-isothiocyano-2,2’-stilbene disulfonic acid, a potent anion transport inhibitor, completely protected calf cells from hemolysis and caused a nearly total inhibition of both chloride loss and intracellular alkalinization. Furthermore, the hemolytic process is closely related to the integrity of a membrane protein, the band 3 protein, which can be cleaved to varying degrees by the combined treatment of pronase and lipase. Hemolysis is progressively inhibited as the band 3 protein undergoes proteolysis, until a total inhibition of hemolysis takes place when almost all of the band 3 protein is digested into smaller protein components with a mol wt of 65,000 and 35,000 daltons. These results suggest that the intracellular alkalinization process leading to a structural instability of the membrane band 3 protein is responsible for this calf cell hemolysis. 相似文献
98.
Pig Reticulocytes. III. Glucose permeability in naturally occurring reticulocytes and red cells from newborn piglets 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
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The loss of facilitated glucose transport of red cells occurring in the newborn pig was monitored in 11 density-separated cells from birth to a 4 wk of age. At birth there was a threefold increase in glucose permeability from the lightest cells to the most dense, suggesting that cells having progressively less glucose permeability are released into the circulation as gestation proceeds. Because of extraordinary stimulation of erythropoietic activity, the uppermost top fraction constituting 2-3 percent of the total cells is composed purely of reticulocytes in the growing animal. The glucose permeability of these reticulocytes which at birth has a slow but significant rate of 3.7 μmol/ml cell x min at 25 degrees C is rapidly decreased within 3-4 days to the level of reticulocytes produced in the adult in response to phenylhydrazine assault. Moreover, reticulocytes themselves discard their membrane permeability to glucose in the course of maturation to red cells. Thus, even though reticulocytes at birth are permeable to glucose, they will become red cells practically impervious to glucose within a few days. These findings suggest that the transition from a glucose- permeable fetal state to a glucose-impermeable postnatal state is brought about by two mechanisms: (a) dilution of fetal cells by glucose-impervious cells produced coincidentally with or shortly after birth; and (b) elimination of fetal cells, which have a shorter half-life, from the circulation. 相似文献
99.
Fatima Zohra Hamlili Fatou Thiam Maureen Laroche Adama Zan Diarra Souleymane Doucour Papa Mouhamadou Gaye Cheikh Binetou Fall Babacar Faye Cheikh Sokhna Doudou Sow Philippe Parola 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2021,15(9)
Freshwater snails of the genera Biomphalaria, Bulinus, and Oncomelania are intermediate hosts of schistosomes that cause human schistosomiasis, one of the most significant infectious neglected diseases in the world. Identification of freshwater snails is usually based on morphology and potentially DNA-based methods, but these have many drawbacks that hamper their use. MALDI-TOF MS has revolutionised clinical microbiology and has emerged in the medical entomology field. This study aims to evaluate MALDI-TOF MS profiling for the identification of both frozen and ethanol-stored snail species using protein extracts from different body parts. A total of 530 field specimens belonging to nine species (Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Bulinus forskalii, Bulinus senegalensis, Bulinus truncatus, Bulinus globosus, Bellamya unicolor, Cleopatra bulimoides, Lymnaea natalensis, Melanoides tuberculata) and 89 laboratory-reared specimens, including three species (Bi. pfeifferi, Bu. forskalii, Bu. truncatus) were used for this study. For frozen snails, the feet of 127 field and 74 laboratory-reared specimens were used to validate the optimised MALDI-TOF MS protocol. The spectral analysis yielded intra-species reproducibility and inter-species specificity which resulted in the correct identification of all the specimens in blind queries, with log-score values greater than 1.7. In a second step, we demonstrated that MALDI-TOF MS could also be used to identify ethanol-stored snails using proteins extracted from the foot using a specific database including a large number of ethanol preserved specimens. This study shows for the first time that MALDI-TOF MS is a reliable tool for the rapid identification of frozen and ethanol-stored freshwater snails without any malacological expertise. 相似文献
100.
Yaya Sow Papa Ahmed Fall Babacar Diao Boubacar Fall Alain Khassim Ndoye Baye Assane Diagne 《Andrologie》2008,18(3):210-215
The authors report 23 cases of penile injuries based on a retrospective study of their urological practice in Senegal. The various cases were distributed as follows: fracture of the penis (19 cases), corpora cavernosa and urethral gunshot injuries (2 cases), rupture of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis (1 case) and laceration of the penile skin (1 case). The mean age of these patients was 32.4 years. Early surgical treatment of all penile fractures reduces the complication rate. 相似文献