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Range expansion of the invasive house mouse Mus musculus domesticus in Senegal,West Africa: a synthesis of trapping data over three decades, 1983–2014 下载免费PDF全文
Ambroise Dalecky Khalilou Bâ Sylvain Piry Cédric Lippens Christophe A. Diagne Mamadou Kane Aliou Sow Mamoudou Diallo Youssoupha Niang Adam Konečný Nathalie Sarr Emmanuelle Artige Nathalie Charbonnel Laurent Granjon Jean‐Marc Duplantier Carine Brouat 《Mammal Review》2015,45(3):176-190
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The study of a sea level fluctuation based on ostracods is carried out for the first time using core sediments of Mbawane and Retba Lakes, north coast of Senegal. A total of 26 species have been identified and most of them are encountered in the Gulf of Guinea shelf and its adjacent lagoons. The Retba Lake core, which is closer to the seashore, has yielded a richer and more diversified ostracod fauna composed of four assemblages. The F1 assemblage is composed of Cyprideis nigeriensis, Neomonoceratina iddoensis, and Aglaiocypris gambiensis, which characterises a slightly open lagoon developing under a humid climate with its edges covered with mangrove swamps. Assemblage F2, composed mainly of C. nigeriensis, N. iddoensis and “marine species”, which is richer and more diversified, points to a marine little gulf bordered by mangrove swamps. The F3 monospecific assemblage composed of C. nigeriensis indicates a drying confined lagoon under an arid climate. The F4 oligospecific association at the top, composed of C. nigeriensis and Pseudoconcha omatsolai, is typical of a slightly open saline lagoon under arid climate. Core sediments from Mbawane Lake have yielded scarce and badly preserved microfaunas which are distributed into three discontinuous levels that have been correlated to those of the Retba Lake core assemblages. The F1 assemblage composed of Leptocythere culpata and Xestoleberis sp. 2 corresponds to a slightly open lagoon covered at its bottom by marine macrophytes and algae. The F2 assemblage composed of N.iddoensis, Hemicytherura sp. A, Aglaiocypris gambiensis and Ruggieria tricostata characterises a more open lagoon bordered by mangrove swamps under a humid climate. The F3 assemblage is absent in the Mbawane Lake. The F4 monospecific association composed of C. nigeriensis characterises a drying lagoon under an arid climate. The overall marine influences were stronger in the Retba Lake while continental effects were dominant in Mbawane Lake during the same period. The two marine intrusions mentioned above may correspond to those of the Dakarian (3000 years B.P.) and the Saint-Louisian eras (2000–680 years B.P.) that existed during the Upper Holocene on the Senegalese coast. 相似文献
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Dominique A. Caugant Paul A. Kristiansen Xin Wang Leonard W. Mayer Muhamed-Kheir Taha Rasmata Ouédraogo Denis Kandolo Flabou Bougoudogo Samba Sow Laurence Bonte 《PloS one》2012,7(9)
Background
The serogroup A conjugate meningococcal vaccine, MenAfriVac, was introduced in mass vaccination campaigns in December 2010 in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. In the coming years, vaccination will be extended to other African countries at risk of epidemics. To document the molecular characteristics of disease-causing meningococcal strains circulating in the meningitis belt of Africa before vaccine introduction, the World Health Organization Collaborating Centers on Meningococci in Europe and United States established a common strain collection of 773 isolates from cases of invasive meningococcal disease collected between 2004 and 2010 from 13 sub-Saharan countries.Methodology
All isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing, and 487 (62%) were also analyzed for genetic variation in the surface antigens PorA and FetA. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested for part of the collection.Principal Findings
Only 19 sequence types (STs) belonging to 6 clonal complexes were revealed. ST-5 clonal complex dominated with 578 (74.8%) isolates. All ST-5 complex isolates were remarkably homogeneous in their PorA (P1.20,9) and FetA (F3-1) and characterized the serogroup A strains which have been responsible for most epidemics during this time period. Sixty-eight (8.8%) of the 773 isolates belonged to the ST-11 clonal complex which was mainly represented by serogroup W135, while an additional 38 (4.9%) W135 isolates belonged to the ST-175 complex. Forty-eight (6.2%) serogroup X isolates from West Africa belonged to the ST-181 complex, while serogroup X cases in Kenya and Uganda were caused by an unrelated clone, ST-5403. Serogroup X, ST-181, emerged in Burkina Faso before vaccine introduction.Conclusions
In the seven years preceding introduction of a new serogroup A conjugate vaccine, serogroup A of the ST-5 clonal complex was identified as the predominant disease-causing strain. 相似文献65.
Babacar Diao Alain Khassim Ndoye Papa Ahmed Fall Lamine Niang Anani Odzebe Ibrahima Bah Yaya Sow Mamadou Ba Baye Assane Diagne 《Andrologie》2007,17(3):223-229
Methodology
This was a transverse randomized survey of subjects over the age of 18 years. Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire composed of two parts. The first part contained information on demographic characteristics, associated diseases, erectile dysfunction and associated sexual disorders and the second part was based on IIEF5. Two groups were identified: a group with erectile dysfunction (ED group) and another group without erectile dysfunction (No ED group). Differences between the two groups were considered to be statistically significant for p ≤ 0.05 on the Chi-square test.Results
The global prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 26%. The prevalence by age-group revealed a progressive increase of ED with age from 11% between 20 and 30 years to 76% between 70 and 80 years. The rate of polygamous men was significantly higher in the group with ED (29.2%) compared to the group without ED (6.6%) (p < 0.0001) and the severity of ED increased in relation to the number of wives. Chronic alcoholism was significantly more frequent in the group with ED (p = 0.023). The frequency of ED increased with the duration of cigarette smoking from 11.9% for less than 5 years, 16.9% between 5 years and 10 years and 71.2% for more than 10 years. Some diseases (diabetes, hypertension and depression) were significantly more frequent in the group with ED. Analysis of the type of ED revealed that secondary erectile dysfunction was more frequent (95.6%) than primary erectile dysfunction (4.4%). Associated sexual disorders were significantly more frequent in the group with ED. 相似文献66.
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Olivier Véron Jean-Philippe Blondeau Michał Grabiec Aleksandra Wolak Krzystof Dzierżęga Nadège Ollier François Goutaland Mohamed Chérif Sow Stéphane Pellerin Nadia Pellerin 《Plasmonics (Norwell, Mass.)》2013,8(2):1227-1234
Online UV/visible extinction measurement have been achieved during nanosecond Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 532 nm of a silver-exchanged silicate glass after each shot. We have explained the evolution of the integrated spectral evolution with the help of a few observed spots after the laser/glass interaction and completed them by optical and surface measurements. This optical method allows to in situ follow silver ions precipitation in nanoparticles (NPs) and the consequently surface plasmon resonance evolution (SPR). In this study, we focus on the interest of this method for one silver-exchanged soda-lime glass by direct observation of the sample surface. Scanning electron microscopy measurement and optical microscopy were used to identify the various ablation mechanisms. Profilometry was used to evaluate the material distribution and the surface roughness evolution (Rms parameter). Thus, we explain the silver NPs effect on glass matrix at various micrometric scales according to the deposited fluence and silver concentration. 相似文献
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Fatoumata B Sow Jack M Gallup Subramaniam Krishnan Andriani C Patera JoAnn Suzich Mark R Ackermann 《Respiratory research》2011,12(1):106