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161.
Blanco AM Vallés SL Pascual M Guerri C 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2005,175(10):6893-6899
Activated astroglial cells are implicated in neuropathogenesis of many infectious and inflammatory diseases of the brain. A number of inflammatory mediators and cytokines have been proposed to play a key role in glial cell-related brain damage. Cytokine production seems to be initiated by signaling through TLR4/type I IL-1R (IL-1RI) in response to their ligands, LPS and IL-1beta, playing vital roles in innate host defense against infections, inflammation, injury, and stress. We have shown that glial cells are stimulated by ethanol, up-regulating cytokines and inflammatory mediators associated with TLR4 and IL-1RI signaling pathways in brain, suggesting that ethanol may contribute to brain damage via inflammation. We explore the possibility that ethanol, in the absence of LPS or IL-1beta, triggers signaling pathways and inflammatory mediators through TLR4 and/or IL-1RI activation in astrocytes. We show in this study that ethanol, at physiologically relevant concentrations, is capable of inducing rapid phosphorylation within 10 min of IL-1R-associated kinase, ERK1/2, stress-activated protein kinase/JNK, and p38 MAPK in astrocytes. Then an activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 occurs after 30 min of ethanol treatment along with an up-regulation of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Finally, we note an increase in cell death after 3 h of treatment. Furthermore, by using either anti-TLR4- or anti-IL-1RI-neutralizing Abs, before and during ethanol treatment, we inhibit ethanol-induced signaling events, including NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation, inducible NO synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 up-regulation and astrocyte death. In summary, these findings indicate that both TLR4 and IL-1RI activation occur upon ethanol treatment, and suggest that signaling through these receptors mediates ethanol-induced inflammatory events in astrocytes and brain. 相似文献
162.
Comparison of defence and performance traits between one widespread clone and native populations in a major invasive plant species
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Soraya Rouifed Sara Puijalon Clément Bardon Guillaume Meiffren Antoine Buonomo Nadia Sebei Sophie Poussineau Félix Vallier Michiko Shimoda Florence Piola 《Diversity & distributions》2018,24(3):297-312
Aim
The success of invasive species in their introduced range is often assumed to result from evolutionary changes in defence and growth traits, or as a response to more favourable conditions. The latter is assumed particularly for species exhibiting low, or even no, sexual reproduction in the introduced range.Location and Methods
Here, we compared Japanese (native range) and French (introduced range) populations of Fallopia japonica under common growth conditions in a glasshouse. We measured height, aboveground and belowground mass, stem stiffness, leaf toughness and secondary metabolites found in hydroalcoholic extracts of rhizomes of F. japonica, as well as the competitive response of Rubus caesius (a co‐occurring native species in the invaded range) in the presence of F. japonica from both ranges.Results
Aboveground biomass, height, stem stiffness and composition of secondary metabolites were not significantly different between the two ranges, showing that increased aboveground vigour observed in situ in France is probably the result of a plastic response following the release of abiotic or biotic constraints from the native range. On the other hand, belowground mass, effect on R. caesius, and leaf toughness were all higher in French populations, suggesting increases in competitive ability and defence mechanisms. These differences between France and Japan may be explained either by post‐introduction evolution or by the introduction in Europe, in nineteenth century, of an exceptionally vigorous clone (pre‐adaptation).Main conclusions
Our results provide evidence that the high vigour of this major invasive species in its introduced range is probably due to both a response to more favourable conditions and rapid evolution.163.
Soraya Shadmanfar Narges Labibzadeh Mohsen Emadedin Neda Jaroughi Vajiheh Azimian Soura Mardpour Fatemeh Abbasi Kakroodi Tina Bolurieh Seyyedeh Esmat Hosseini Mohammad Chehrazi Maryam Niknejadi Hossein Baharvand Farhad Gharibdoost Nasser Aghdami 《Cytotherapy》2018,20(4):499-506
Background
In this study, we intend to assess the safety and tolerability of intra-articular knee implantation of autologous bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to determine the preliminary clinical efficacy data in this population. The trial registration numbers are as follows: Royan Institute Ethics Committee: AC/91/1133; NCT01873625.Methods
This single-center, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 clinical trial randomized RA patients with knee involvement to receive either an intra-articular knee implantation of 40 million autologous bone marrow–derived MSCs per joint or normal saline (placebo). Patients were followed up for 12 months to assess therapy outcomes.Results
A total of 30 patients, 15 in the MSC group and 15 in the placebo group, enrolled in this study. There were no adverse effects reported after MSC administration or during follow-up. Patients who received MSCs had superior findings according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analogue scale (VAS), time to jelling and pain-free walking distance. However, this improvement could not be significantly sustained beyond 12 months. The MSC group exhibited improved standing time (P?=?0.01). In addition, the MSCs appeared to contribute to reductions in methotrexate and prednisolone use.Conclusion
Intra-articular knee implantation of MSCs appeared to be safe and well tolerated. In addition, we observed a trend toward clinical efficacy. These results, in our opinion, have justified the need for further investigations over an extended assessment period with larger numbers of RA patients who have knee involvement. 相似文献164.
The autosomal dominant late onset spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are genetically heterogeneous. Three genes, SCA1 on 6p,
SCA2 on 12q and MJD1 on 14q, have been isolated for SCA1, SCA2 and Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), respectively. In these three
autosomal dominant disorders the mutation is an expanded CAG repeat. Evidence for heterogeneity in families not linked to
the SCA1, SCA2 and MJD loci is provided by the mapping of SCA loci to chromosomes 16q, 11cen and 3p. A total of 14 South African
kindreds and 22 sporadic individuals with SCA were investigated for the expanded SCA1 and MJD repeats. None of the families
nor the sporadic individuals showed expansion of the MJD repeat. Expanded SCA1 and CAG repeats were found to cosegregate with
the disorder in six of the families tested and were also observed in one sporadic individual with a negative family history
of SCA. The use of the microsatellite markers D6S260, D6S89 and D6S274 provided evidence that the expanded SCA1 repeats segregated
with three distinct haplotypes in the six families. Use of the highly polymorphic tightly linked microsatellite markers is
still important as this stage, particularly where this coincides with the possibility of a homozygous genotype with the trinucleotide
repeat marker. Importantly, our molecular findings indicate: (1) an absence of MJD expanded repeats underlying SCA; (2) the
major disease in this group is due to mutations in the SCA1 gene; and (3) the familial disorder in the majority population
group (i.e. mixed ancestry) in the Western Cape region of South Africa is most likely to be the result of two distinct founder
events.
Received: 4 November 1996 / Accepted: 6 February 1997 相似文献
165.
166.
Bertin-Benavides Ariana Bascuñán-Godoy Luisa Henríquez-Castillo Carlos Delgado Mabel Burgos Carlos F. Mardones Catalina Ávila-Valdés Andrea Valdebenito Francisco Bravo Soraya Rubilar Rafael Hasbún Rodrigo Zúñiga-Feest Alejandra 《Plant and Soil》2020,453(1-2):473-485
Plant and Soil - Embothrium coccineum is a pioneer tree that produces cluster roots (CR) induced by phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N) deficiency, but the role which both N and P play in CR formation... 相似文献
167.
168.
Soraya Madani William N. Howald Ross F. Lawrence Danny D. Shen 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2000,741(2):301
This report describes an assay for the H1-receptor antagonist, terfenadine, and its two primary metabolites, terfenadine alcohol (TOH) and azacyclonol (AZ), using positive-ion, electrospray ionization–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The assay was developed in support of kinetic studies of terfenadine oxidative metabolism in human liver and intestinal microsomes, which required quantification of incubate metabolites at low nanomolar concentrations. Terfenadine metabolites were extracted from basified microsomal incubates into methylene chloride. Reconstituted extracts were subject to liquid chromatographic separation on a cyano-reverse phase column. The [M+H]+ ions of terfenadine, terfenadine metabolites, and internal standard were monitored in the effluent by quadrupole mass spectrometry. The assay demonstrated linearity over an incubate concentration range of 5–250 and 12.5–1250 ng/ml for the metabolites and the parent drug, respectively. The respective limits of detection and quantitation for all three analytes were 1.5 and 5 ng/ml of microsomal incubate. Replicate analysis of quality control samples exhibited intra-day coefficients of variation ranging from 3.3% to 7.8% for the three analytes. The corresponding inter-day coefficients of variation ranged from 4.2% to 8.6%. The reproducibility and sensitivity of the assay, combined with the selectivity of mass spectrometric detection, should allow an accurate kinetic characterization of terfenadine oxidation mediated by the high affinity CYP3A enzymes in human liver and intestinal microsomes. 相似文献
169.
170.
Study on the interaction of a copper(II) complex containing the artificial sweetener aspartame with human serum albumin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nahid Shahabadi Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei Soheila Kashanian Fahimeh Kheirdoosh Soraya Moradi Filli 《Molecular biology reports》2014,41(5):3271-3278
A copper(II) complex containing aspartame (APM) as ligand, Cu(APM)2Cl2·2H2O, was synthesized and characterized. In vitro binding interaction of this complex with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied at physiological pH. Binding studies of this complex with HSA are useful for understanding the Cu(APM)2Cl2·2H2O–HSA interaction mechanism and providing guidance for the application and design of new and more efficient artificial sweeteners drive. The interaction was investigated by spectrophotometric, spectrofluorometric, competition experiment and circular dichroism. Hyperchromicity observed in UV absorption band of Cu(APM)2Cl2·2H2O. A strong fluorescence quenching reaction of HSA to Cu(APM)2Cl2·2H2O was observed and the binding constant (Kf) and corresponding numbers of binding sites (n) were calculated at different temperatures. Thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy change (?H) and entropy change (?S) were calculated to be ?458.67 kJ mol?1 and ?1,339 J mol?1 K?1 respectively. According to the van’t Hoff equation, the reaction is predominantly enthalpically driven. In conformity with experimental results, we suggest that Cu(APM)2Cl2·2H2O interacts with HSA. In comparison with previous study, it is found that the Cu(II) complex binds stronger than aspartame. 相似文献