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21.
Young Moon Choi Byoung Wan Lee Myung Sun Jung Hyun Soo Han Suk Hyun Kim Kaifeng Chen Dong Ha Kim Tony F. Heinz Shanhui Fan Jihye Lee Gi‐Ra Yi Jung Kyu Kim Jong Hyeok Park 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(22)
N‐type metal oxides such as hematite (α‐Fe2O3) and bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) are promising candidate materials for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting; however, their short minority carrier diffusion length and restricted carrier lifetime result in undesired rapid charge recombination. Herein, a 2D arranged globular Au nanosphere (NS) monolayer array with a highly ordered hexagonal hole pattern (hereafter, Au array) is introduced onto the surface of photoanodes comprised of metal oxide films via a facile drying and transfer‐printing process. Through plasmon‐induced resonance energy transfer, the Au array provides a strong electromagnetic field in the near‐surface area of the metal oxide film. The near‐field coupling interaction and amplification of the electromagnetic field suppress the charge recombination with long‐lived photogenerated holes and simultaneously enhance the light harvesting and charge transfer efficiencies. Consequently, an over 3.3‐fold higher photocurrent density at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) is achieved for the Au array/α‐Fe2O3. Furthermore, the high versatility of this transfer printing of Au arrays is demonstrated by introducing it on the molybdenum‐doped BiVO4 film, resulting in 1.5‐fold higher photocurrent density at 1.23 V versus RHE. The tailored metal film design can provide a potential strategy for the versatile application in various light‐mediated energy conversion and optoelectronic devices. 相似文献
22.
Hong‐Joon Yoon Minki Kang Wanchul Seung Sung Soo Kwak Jihye Kim Hyoung Taek Kim Sang‐Woo Kim 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(25)
Direct conversion of mechanical energy into direct current (DC) by triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is one of the desired features in terms of energy conversion efficiency. Although promising applications have been reported using the triboelectric effect, effective DC generating TENGs must be developed for practical purposes. Here, it is reported that continuous DC generation within a TENG itself, without any circuitry, can be achieved by triggering air breakdown via triboelectrification. It is demonstrated that DC generation occurs in combination with i) charge accumulation to generate air breakdown, ii) incident discharge (microdischarge), and iii) conveyance of charges to make the device sustainable. 10.5 mA m?2 of output current and 10.6 W m?2 of output power at 33 MΩ load resistance are achieved. Compared to the best DC generating TENGs ever reported, the TENG in this present study generates about 20 times larger root‐mean square current density. 相似文献
23.
Qun Fan Pengfei Hou Changhyeok Choi Tai‐Sing Wu Song Hong Fang Li Yun‐Liang Soo Peng Kang Yousung Jung Zhenyu Sun 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(5)
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to fuels and value‐added industrial chemicals is a promising strategy for keeping a healthy balance between energy supply and net carbon emissions. Here, the facile transformation of residual Ni particle catalysts in carbon nanotubes into thermally stable single Ni atoms with a possible NiN3 moiety is reported, surrounded with a porous N‐doped carbon sheath through a one‐step nanoconfined pyrolysis strategy. These structural changes are confirmed by X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The dispersed Ni single atoms facilitate highly efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction at low overpotentials to yield CO, providing a CO faradaic efficiency exceeding 90%, turnover frequency approaching 12 000 h?1, and metal mass activity reaching about 10 600 mA mg?1, outperforming current state‐of‐the‐art single atom catalysts for CO2 reduction to CO. DFT calculations suggest that the Ni@N3 (pyrrolic) site favors *COOH formation with lower free energy than Ni@N4, in addition to exothermic CO desorption, hence enhancing electrocatalytic CO2 conversion. This finding provides a simple, scalable, and promising route for the preparation of low‐cost, abundant, and highly active single atom catalysts, benefiting future practical CO2 electrolysis. 相似文献
24.
The acquisition of sulfur from environment and its assimilation is essential for fungal growth and activities. Here, we describe novel features of the regulatory network of sulfur metabolism in Ogataea parapolymorpha, a thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast with high resistance to harsh environmental conditions. A short bZIP protein (OpMet4p) of O. parapolymorpha, displaying the combined structural characteristics of yeast and filamentous fungal Met4 homologues, plays a key role as a master regulator of cell homeostasis during sulfur limitation, but also its function is required for the tolerance of various stresses. Domain swapping analysis, combined with deletion analysis of the regulatory domains and genes encoding OpCbf1p, OpMet28p, and OpMet32p, indicated that OpMet4p does not require the interaction with these DNA-binding cofactors to induce the expression of sulfur genes, unlike the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Met4p. ChIP analysis confirmed the notion that OpMet4p, which contains a canonical bZIP domain, can bind the target DNA in the absence of cofactors, similar to homologues in other filamentous fungi. Collectively, the identified unique features of the O. parapolymorpha regulatory network, as the first report on the sulfur regulation by a short yeast Met4 homologue, provide insights into conservation and divergence of the sulfur regulatory networks among diverse ascomycetous fungi. 相似文献
25.
Soo Min Kim Iliana Escorbar Kiho Lee Beth Burgwyn Fuchs Eleftherios Mylonakis Wooseong Kim 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2020,58(6):431-444
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections. Despite current advances in antimicrobial chemotherapy, the infections caused by S. aureus remain challenging due to their ability to readily develop resistance. Indeed, antibiotic resistance, exemplified by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a top threat to global health security. Furthermore, the current rate of antibiotic discovery is much slower than the rate of antibiotic-resistance development. It seems evident that the conventional in vitro bacterial growth-based screening strategies can no longer effectively supply new antibiotics at the rate needed to combat bacterial antibiotic-resistance. To overcome this antibiotic resistance crisis, screening assays based on host–pathogen interactions have been developed. In particular, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been used for drug screening against MRSA. In this review, we will discuss the general principles of the C. elegans-based screening platform and will highlight its unique strengths by comparing it with conventional antibiotic screening platforms. We will outline major hits from high-throughput screens of more than 100,000 small molecules using the C. elegans–MRSA infection assay and will review the mode-of-action of the identified hit compounds. Lastly, we will discuss the potential of a C. elegans-based screening strategy as a paradigm shift screening platform. 相似文献
26.
Won Yu Jung Kang Lae Hyung Lee Ah Ra Paik Bomina Kim Hyun Lee Sung Geun Park Seung Won Hong Seung Jin Paik Soon Young 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2020,58(5):422-429
Journal of Microbiology - Enterovirus A71 (EV71), the main etiological agent of handfoot- mouth disease (HFMD), circulates in many areas of the world and has caused large epidemics since 1997,... 相似文献
27.
Ra Mi Woo Min Gu Park Jae Young Choi Dong Hwan Park Jun Young Kim Minghui Wang Hyun Ji Kim Soo Dong Woo Jae Su Kim Yeon Ho Je 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2020,144(7):655-663
Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are effective alternatives to chemical insecticides because of their specificity and low environmental toxicity. Entomopathogenic fungi are an important natural pathogen of insects and have been developed as biological control agents. They produce a wide range of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, pesticides, growth-promoting or inhibiting compounds and insect attracting agents. In this study, to explore novel IGR substances from entomopathogenic fungi, culture extracts of 189 entomopathogenic fungi isolated from Korean soil samples were investigated for their juvenile hormone (JH)-based IGR activities. Whereas none of the culture extracts exhibited JH agonist (JHA) activity, 14 extracts showed high levels of JH antagonist (JHAN) activity. Among them, culture extract of JEF-145 strain, which was identified as Lecanicillium attenuatum, showed the highest insecticidal against Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella. At liquid culture condition, JHAN activity was observed in culture soup rather than mycelial cake, indicating that substances with JHAN activity are released from the JEF-145 strain during culture. Furthermore, while extract from solid cultured JEF-145 strain showed insecticidal activities against both A. albopictus and P. xylostella, that from liquid cultured fungi showed insecticidal activity only against A. albopictus, indicating that L. attenuatum JEF-145 strain produces different kinds of secondary metabolites with JHAN activity depending on culture conditions. These results suggested that JHAN substances derived from entomopathogenic fungi could be usefully exploited to develop novel eco-friendly IGR insecticides. 相似文献
28.
SoRi Jang Zhao Xuan Ross C. Lagoy Louise M. Jawerth Ian J. Gonzalez Milind Singh Shavanie Prashad Hee Soo Kim Avinash Patel Dirk R. Albrecht Anthony A. Hyman Daniel A. Colón-Ramos 《Biophysical journal》2021,120(7):1170-1186
Although much is known about the biochemical regulation of glycolytic enzymes, less is understood about how they are organized inside cells. We systematically examine the dynamic subcellular localization of glycolytic protein phosphofructokinase-1/PFK-1.1 in Caenorhabditis elegans. We determine that endogenous PFK-1.1 localizes to subcellular compartments in vivo. In neurons, PFK-1.1 forms phase-separated condensates near synapses in response to energy stress from transient hypoxia. Restoring animals to normoxic conditions results in cytosolic dispersion of PFK-1.1. PFK-1.1 condensates exhibit liquid-like properties, including spheroid shapes due to surface tension, fluidity due to deformations, and fast internal molecular rearrangements. Heterologous self-association domain cryptochrome 2 promotes formation of PFK-1.1 condensates and recruitment of aldolase/ALDO-1. PFK-1.1 condensates do not correspond to stress granules and might represent novel metabolic subcompartments. Our studies indicate that glycolytic protein PFK-1.1 can dynamically form condensates in vivo. 相似文献
29.
Chunmei Li Eliane Beauregard-Lacroix Christine Kondratev Justine Rousseau Ah Jung Heo Katherine Neas Brett H. Graham Jill A. Rosenfeld Carlos A. Bacino Matias Wagner Maren Wenzel Fuad Al Mutairi Hamad Al Deiab Joseph G. Gleeson Valentina Stanley Maha S. Zaki Yong Tae Kwon Michel R. Leroux Philippe M. Campeau 《American journal of human genetics》2021,108(1):134-147
30.