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191.
Carmen de Sena-Tomás Mónica Navarro-González Ursula Kües José Pérez-Martín 《Genetics》2013,195(1):47-57
The fungal fruiting body or mushroom is a multicellular structure essential for sexual reproduction. It is composed of dikaryotic cells that contain one haploid nucleus from each mating partner sharing the same cytoplasm without undergoing nuclear fusion. In the mushroom, the pileus bears the hymenium, a layer of cells that includes the specialized basidia in which nuclear fusion, meiosis, and sporulation occur. Coprinopsis cinerea is a well-known model fungus used to study developmental processes associated with the formation of the fruiting body. Here we describe that knocking down the expression of Atr1 and Chk1, two kinases shown to be involved in the response to DNA damage in a number of eukaryotic organisms, dramatically impairs the ability to develop fruiting bodies in C. cinerea, as well as other developmental decisions such as sclerotia formation. These developmental defects correlated with the impairment in silenced strains to sustain an appropriated dikaryotic cell cycle. Dikaryotic cells in which chk1 or atr1 genes were silenced displayed a higher level of asynchronous mitosis and as a consequence aberrant cells carrying an unbalanced dose of nuclei. Since fruiting body initiation is dependent on the balanced mating-type regulator doses present in the dikaryon, we believe that the observed developmental defects were a consequence of the impaired cell cycle in the dikaryon. Our results suggest a connection between the DNA damage response cascade, cell cycle regulation, and developmental processes in this fungus. 相似文献
192.
Shira Weingarten-Gabbay Susan Klaeger Siranush Sarkizova Leah R. Pearlman Da-Yuan Chen Kathleen M.E. Gallagher Matthew R. Bauer Hannah B. Taylor W. Augustine Dunn Christina Tarr John Sidney Suzanna Rachimi Hasahn L. Conway Katelin Katsis Yuntong Wang Del Leistritz-Edwards Melissa R. Durkin Christopher H. Tomkins-Tinch Pardis C. Sabeti 《Cell》2021,184(15):3962-3980.e17
193.
We re-engineered a classic tool for mutagenesis and gene expression studies in Gram-negative bacteria. Our modified Tn5-based transposon contains multiple features that allow rapid selection for mutants, direct quantification of gene expression and straightforward cloning of the inactivated gene. The promoter-less gfp-km cassette provides selection and reporter assay depending on the activity of the promoter upstream of the transposon insertion site. The cat gene facilitates positive antibiotic selection for mutants, while the narrow R6Kγ replication origin forces transposition in recipient strains lacking the pir gene and enables cloning of the transposon flanked with the disrupted gene from the chromosome. The suicide vector pCKD100, a plasmid that could be delivered into recipient cells through biparental mating or electroporation, harbours the modified transposon. We used the transposon to mutagenize Pectobacterium versatile KD100, Pseudumonas coronafaciens PC27R and Escherichia coli 35150N. The fluorescence intensities of mutants expressing high GFP could be quantified and detected qualitatively. Transformation efficiency from conjugation ranged from 1600 to 1900 CFU per ml. We sequenced the upstream flanking regions, identified the putative truncated genes and demonstrated the restoration of the GFP phenotype through marker exchange. The mini-Tn5 transposon was also utilized to construct mutant a library of P. versatile for forward genetic screens. 相似文献
194.
195.
D.A.M. da Silva M.S. Fernandes E.H. Endo A.C.P. Vital E.A. Britta M.E. Favero J.C. Castro P.T. Matumoto-Pintro B.P. Dias Filho C.V. Nakamura M. Machinski Junior J.M.G. Mikcha B.A. de Abreu Filho 《Letters in applied microbiology》2021,72(1):41-52
The use of rosemary essential oil (RO) and its combination with nisin (RO+N) in preventing the multiplication of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in orange juice was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) for RO were both 125 μg ml−1 while RO+N displayed a synergistic effect. The use of RO and RO+N at concentrations of 1, 4 and 8× MIC in orange juice for 96 h was evaluated in terms of their sporicidal effectiveness. With regard to the action against A. acidoterrestris spores, RO at 8× MIC was sporostatic, whereas RO+N at 1× MIC was sporicidal. Morphological changes in the structure of the micro-organism after treatment were also observed by microscopy. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis showed that most cells were damaged or killed after treatment. In general, the antioxidant activity after addition of RO+N decreased with time. The results demonstrate that using the combination of RO and nisin can prevent the A. acidoterrestris growth in orange juice. 相似文献
196.
Condon Tom Hakim Abbas Moran Antonio B. Zenteno Blumstein Daniel T. 《Journal of Ethology》2021,39(1):89-96
Journal of Ethology - Animals emit predator-elicited calls in response to potential predation threats. These vocalizations induce a variety of anti-predator behaviors in conspecific receivers... 相似文献
197.
J H Richardson L L Steinmetz S B Deutscher W A Bookless W L Schmelzinger 《Analytical biochemistry》1979,97(1):17-23
A synchronously pumped krypton ion dye laser fluorescence system is shown to provide tunable, polarized, subnanosecond pulses at high repetition rates, modest peak powers, and low energy. Such a source is uniquely suited to fluorescence investigations of biochemical mechanisms. Applications of this fluorescence excitation source to analysis, life-time determination, and depolarization effects are discussed. 相似文献
198.
199.
B Rayner M Matsukura F Morvan J S Cohen J L Imbach 《Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série III, Sciences de la vie》1989,310(3):61-64
Oligonucleotide analogs consisting exclusively of alpha-anomeric deoxynucleoside units bridged with phosphorothioate linkages have been synthesized and tested in vitro as antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in human T cells. Two 28-mers, an homopolymer alpha-S-dC28 and an oligomer alpha-S-anti-rev complementary to the initiation site of the regulatory viral gene rev exhibited antiviral activities comparable to those reported for the corresponding beta-anomeric phosphorothioate analogs. In contrast, a nuclease-resistant homopolymer, alpha-dC28 was inactive. Their preliminary results would indicate that the origin of oligonucleotide phosphorothioate anti-HIV activity is not exclusively correlated with their higher nuclease resistance. 相似文献
200.
B. Boesiger 《Genetica》1982,59(2):99-111
The influence of inbreeding on several morphological characters as proboscis, wings, leg and palp segments was examined in strictly inbred lines of C. pipiens autogenicus, starting with females from a natural population. The results show the importance of ccological conditions, especially temperature, during larval development of the population. We report a progressive average size reduction from the second inbred generation. The length variability increases in practically all cases, depending on the degree of inbreeding, which is often more marked in certain organs. The symmetry regulation is strongly affected. We observe highly significant individual values in the highly inbred generations. The distribution values clearly mark a left/right disturbance. The progression of asymmetry as a function of the degree of inbreeding is more marked in certain organs in the two sexes. The results show the importance of the advantage of heterozygotes. 相似文献