钙离子对辣根过氧化物酶同工酶C的溶液构象的影响

运用荧光光谱方法研究了脱辅基的辣根过氧化物酶同工酶Ｃ。结果表明：（１）ａｐｏ－ＨＲＰ（Ｃ）与其他“Ｂ”类蛋白质不同,有明显的Ｔｙｒ荧光;（２）低浓度变性剂（〈２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ脲或０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸胍）能增强酶的Ｔｒｐ荧光,但并不改变光谱特性;（３）进一步增加变性剂浓度则使Ｔｒｐ残基暴露于水溶液中,荧光强度略有降低,荧光谱红移;（４）Ｃａ＾２＋络合剂ＥＤＴＡ对色氨酸荧光的影响与低浓度变性剂相同。有意思     

Understanding of stem cells in bone biology and translation into clinical applications

Developments of stem cell biology provide new approaches for understanding the mechanisms of a number of diseases, including osteoporosis. In this minireview, we highlight two areas that related to stem cells in bone biology. Recent discovery of the role of osteoclast and their stem cells leads to developing a new approach for treatment of osteoporosis with the initial stimulation of cells in osteoclast lineage and followed by sequentially enhanced bone formation. Stimulation on both sides in bone remodeling is expected to achieve a long term effect on bone formation. For bone regeneration, multiple disciplinary collaborations among bone biologists, stem cell biologists and biomaterial scientists are necessary to successfully develop an integrated stem cell therapy that should include stem cells, suitable scaffolds and bioactive factors/small molecular compounds.     

鄂西大蓟根的化学成分的研究

本题对菊科蓟属植物鄂西大蓟根Cirsium henryi的化学成分进行系统研究。采用硅胶柱色谱法分离了五个单体成分并以光谱分析法鉴定它们的结构:乙酰丁香酸(p-Hydroxycinnamic acid,1),原儿茶酸(protocate-chuic acid,2),香草酸(vanillic acid,3),二羟丙基软脂酸酯(2,3-dihydroxypropyl hexadecanoate,4)和胡萝卜苷(glucoraphenin,5)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

番茄RGA4蛋白与马铃薯Rpi-blb1蛋白的同源比较分析

为获得番茄抗晚疫病广谱性基因信息,采用同源电子克隆法,基于番茄蛋白序列数据库,以马铃薯晚疫病广谱抗性蛋白Rpi-blb1为种子序列,获得番茄疾病抗性蛋白RGA4,并进行基因电子定位和基因结构、模体、二级结构、基因进化及基因电子表达等分析,以证明两者的进化关系。结果表明:番茄RGA4蛋白(XP_004245923.1)序列具有NB-ARC和LRR8两个保守结构域,定位于第8条染色体SL2.40区间,相应基因位于8号染色体序列的57228847-57232935 bp区间,长度为4 089 bp,由2个外显子和1个内含子组成,编码988个氨基酸序列,该蛋白为不稳定分泌球形蛋白;番茄RGA4蛋白和马铃薯Rpi-blb1蛋白在二级结构分布、基因序列组成、基因定位等方面相似性较高,可确定两者为垂直同源关系,但在基因进化和模体组成方面存在差异,可能导致两者功能上的不同。研究结果可为番茄晚疫病广谱抗性基因克隆及其利用提供理论依据。     

2006～2014年柳州市重大道路交通事故流行病学特征分析

目的调查分析柳州市重大道路交通事故发生的特点及规律,为控制和预防道路交通创伤提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2006~2014年柳州市重大道路交通事故监测统计资料。结果 (1)2006~2014年柳州市重大道路交通事故发生例数、死亡人数、受伤人数呈总体下降趋势。以1月份发生事故最多,占事故总数的11.5%;6月份发生事故最少,为6.8%。夜间19:00~23:00时事故发生最多,凌晨3:00~6:00时发生最少。(2)重大道路交通事故多数发生在平直道路上。(3)白天发生事故最多,夜间无路灯照明的路段事故伤亡和受伤人数明显高于夜间有路灯照明的路段。(4)重大道路交通事故发生的主要原因为人为因素,占总数的96.7%。结论减少重大道路交通事故发生,必须加强交通安全宣传、教育,提高全民安全意识;交管部门严格执法,尤其要加强交通事故高发时段、路段的管理;加强道路安全设施建设,改善交通环境。     

美洲大蠊内生菌的分离鉴定及酶活性、抑菌作用测定

分离美洲大蠊内生细菌并测定菌体的淀粉、纤维素降解酶活性及抑菌特性。对虫体表面消毒,以LB和高氏一号培养基分离虫体内部细菌并进行16S rRNA基因序列分析。变色圈法测定降解酶活性,抑菌圈法测定抑菌活性。结果共分离到11株细菌,4株属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces),6株分别属于肠杆菌属(Enterbacter)、变形菌属(Proteus）、肠球菌属（Enterococcus）、沙雷氏菌属（Serratia）、芽胞杆菌属（Bacillus）和漫游球菌属（Vagococcus）。另有1株菌在NCBI中与肠杆菌的相似度最高, 为95%,可能代表着一个潜在的新种。4株链霉菌均有淀粉和纤维素降解能力。有3株菌对青枯雷尔氏菌有抑制效果。研究结果表明,美洲大蠊内生菌具有某些功能,甚至含有尚未发现的新菌种,是重要的菌种资源。     

Genome-wide SNP identification for the construction of a high-resolution genetic map of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus): applications to QTL mapping of Vibrio anguillarum disease resistance and comparative genomic analysis

High-resolution genetic maps are essential for fine mapping of complex traits, genome assembly, and comparative genomic analysis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the primary molecular markers used for genetic map construction. In this study, we identified 13,362 SNPs evenly distributed across the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) genome. Of these SNPs, 12,712 high-confidence SNPs were subjected to high-throughput genotyping and assigned to 24 consensus linkage groups (LGs). The total length of the genetic linkage map was 3,497.29 cM with an average distance of 0.47 cM between loci, thereby representing the densest genetic map currently reported for Japanese flounder. Nine positive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) forming two main clusters for Vibrio anguillarum disease resistance were detected. All QTLs could explain 5.1–8.38% of the total phenotypic variation. Synteny analysis of the QTL regions on the genome assembly revealed 12 immune-related genes, among them 4 genes strongly associated with V. anguillarum disease resistance. In addition, 246 genome assembly scaffolds with an average size of 21.79 Mb were anchored onto the LGs; these scaffolds, comprising 522.99 Mb, represented 95.78% of assembled genomic sequences. The mapped assembly scaffolds in Japanese flounder were used for genome synteny analyses against zebrafish (Danio rerio) and medaka (Oryzias latipes). Flounder and medaka were found to possess almost one-to-one synteny, whereas flounder and zebrafish exhibited a multi-syntenic correspondence. The newly developed high-resolution genetic map, which will facilitate QTL mapping, scaffold assembly, and genome synteny analysis of Japanese flounder, marks a milestone in the ongoing genome project for this species.     

甲型流感病毒核蛋白在大肠杆菌中的可溶性高效表达与纯化

为了在大肠杆菌中高效表达甲型流感病毒A/京科/30/95(H3N2)核蛋白NP,以便对原核表达的NP蛋白进行免疫原性研究,本研究通过密码子优化及全基因合成等方法,将3种形式的NP基因:与6×His标签融合的NP基因NP(His)、非融合的野生型NP基因NPwt及非融合的按大肠杆菌优势密码子改造的基因NP(O)分别插入原核表达载体pET-30a,构建了表达3种形式NP基因的3种原核表达质粒并研究不同质粒中NP蛋白的表达形式、条件、纯化工艺及抗原性。限制性酶切反应与测序表明,三种形式的NP基因均正确插入原核表达质粒pET-30a;SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳显示,三种形式的NP基因均能在大肠杆菌中表达,NP(O)基因的表达量最高;在不同温度诱导条件下,NP蛋白呈现可溶性表达,NP(O)基因可溶性高效表达的条件为:T=25℃,t=10 h;经阴离子交换和凝胶过滤层析两步纯化,可溶性表达的NP蛋白纯度可达90%;Western blot检测显示,纯化的NP能与流感病毒A/PR/8/34(H1N1)株感染小鼠的血清发生特异性结合。这些结果表明,非融合表达的密码子优化甲型流感病毒NP蛋白能在大肠杆菌中高效表达和纯化,同时保持良好的免疫反应活性。