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51.
52.
B. O. Solomon A. -P. Zeng H. Biebl A. O. Ejiofor C. Posten W. D. Deckwer 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1994,42(2-3):222-226
Product formation during anaerobic degradation of glycerol byKlebsiella pneumoniae DSM 2026, under glycerol limitation and glycerol excess in continugius cultures, has been investigated. Major and minor products and by-products as well as gaseous products were measured. The results indicated a positive correlation between specific glycerol uptake and most product formation rates under glycerol limitation. The production of 1,3-propanediol, lactate, formate, acetate, succinate and the by-products of anaerobic glycerol degradation byK. pneumoniae, acetoin and 2,3-butanediol, was favoured by glycerol excess, while hydrogen generation and ethanol formation were best under glycerol limitation. It was also found that under glycerol limitation the rate of hydrogen evolution was generally higher than the CO2 production rate while under excess glycerol the reverse was true. Hence, on the basis of the ratio of the specific rates of evolution of H2 and CO2 (q
H
2/q
CO
2), it is possible to infer the existence of glycerol limitation. On the basis of the carbon and available electron balances, which are independent of metabolic pathways, the data are consistent. The NADH2 balance, which took into consideration the pathways of product formation, was also tested to check the validity of the assumed pathways and to check critically the consistency of the data. Good balances were also obtained.[ 相似文献
53.
Mark D. Wittman John F. Kadow Kahnie Pham Leung Kinwa Harold A. Mastalerz Dolatrai M. Vyas William C. Rose Wyle Solomon Nada Zein 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》1994,4(24):2925-2928
The thiol activation and aromatization of bicyclo[7.1.0]enediynes was found to be dependent of the nature of the propargyl substituent. These effects are correlated to antitumor activity. 相似文献
54.
A. O. Ejiofor C. H. Posten B. O. Solomon W. -D. Deckwer 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》1994,11(4):135-144
Parameter identification of structured models is often a problem in biotechnology, because the poor data situation and the number of unknown parameters only allow for inaccurate estimates. But often only a subset of all kinetic parameters of the model are of interest for production purposes, e.g. for fed-batch cultivation. These parameters should be estimated with a given accuracy. In addition, the experiments for information acquisition with respect to these parameters should be as simple as possible and should consider some practical restrictions. In this contribution a fed-batch feeding strategy is proposed to allow for an accurate estimation of yield and of critical growth rate of baker's yeast. The feeding also allows for economic and stereotyped use of staff and equipment and is therefore suitable for routine use in screening of strains and media. The overall pattern is similar to that one, usually used in production scale to minimize errors by limited model validity. After an initial phase for achieving a reproducible state three different growth rates are adjusted to cover the range of possible critical growth rates. From biomass and ethanol measurements yield and critical growth rate can be estimated with an accuracy of about 2.1%. The fermentation pattern ends up with a constant feeding rate to simulate a limited oxygen transfer rate and to allow for an uptake of residual sugar and ethanol before a dough test can be carried out. Beside experimental results simulations and sensitivity analyses are shown.List of Symbols
P
ethanol concentration
-
S
substrate concentration
-
S
f
substrate concentration in feed
-
T
fermentation time
-
V
fermenter volume
-
X
biomass concentration
- C
measurement error covariance matrix
- F
Fisher information matrix
- X
state variables
- Y
output variables
- X
p
state sensitivity functions with respect to parameters
- Y
p
output sensitivity functions
-
e
eigenvectors
-
k
vector of limitation and inhibition parameters
-
n
number of observations
-
q
in
feeding stream
-
q
b
stream for samples and ammonia feed
-
r
vector of specific turnover rates
-
y
vector of yields
-
specific weight
-
eigenvalues
-
specific growth rate
-
set
exponent in exponential feeding
-
standard deviation
Dedicated to the 65th birthday of Professor Fritz Wagner.A. O. Ejiofor and B. O. Solomon are grateful to the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung for granting them fellowships and to GBF for providing all the materials necessary for their successful research stay in Germany. 相似文献
55.
56.
A somatic cell hybrid map of the long arm of human chromosome 17, containing the familial breast cancer locus (BRCA1). 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0
We describe a detailed somatic cell hybrid map of human chromosome 17q11.2-q23, containing the familial breast and ovarian cancer locus (BRCA1) and highly informative closely linked markers. An X-irradiation panel of 38 hamster/human and mouse/human hybrids with fragments of chromosome 17 was generated and characterized with 22 STS markers from this chromosome. A detailed map of 61 probes onto chromosome 17q, subdividing the chromosome arm into 25 regions, was done by using a panel of hybrids with well-defined breakpoints and nine chromosome-mediated gene transfectants. Our localization of RARA, TOP2, EDH17B1 and 2, and possibly WNT3, between THRA1 and D17S181, two markers known to flank BRCA1, suggests that any of these is a potential candidate for the BRCA1 locus. The marker D17S579 (Mfd188), which is believed to be very close to BRCA1, maps closest to the EDH17B genes. 相似文献
57.
Abstract: DNA damage activates a nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS) that facilitates DNA repair by adding multiple ADP-ribose groups to nuclear proteins such as histones and PARS itself. N -Methyl- d -aspartate neurotoxicity may involve DNA damage excessively activating PARS to deplete its substrate NAD, as PARS inhibitors prevent this toxicity. We now show that PARS is rapidly and markedly activated in PC12 cells following treatment with neurotoxic agents, including the amyloid β-protein, hydrogen peroxide, N -methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and its active metabolite N -methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+ ). With MPP+ , PARS activity is increased fivefold in 1 h and 20-fold by 3 h. By contrast, direct measurement of DNA damage by the terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling assay shows no significant increase by 3 h and less than fourfold by 24 h. These findings indicate that PARS activity can provide a simple, sensitive, and early index of DNA damage following neurotoxic insults. 相似文献
58.
A Genetic Analysis of the 63e-64a Genomic Region of Drosophila Melanogaster: Identification of Mutations in a Replication Factor C Subunit 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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We have performed and F(2) genetic screen to identify lethal mutations within the 63E-64A genomic region. We have isolated 122 mutations in 20 different complementation groups. Of these groups, 16 are represented by multiple alleles. We have also established that the Rop and Ras2 genes are located within the 63E-64A genomic domain at 64A10,11. We have sequenced 10.2 kb of DNA surrounding this gene pair and find that in addition to Rop and Ras2 there is another gene located within this DNA sequence. The gene product, which we have named Rfc40, shows 68% identity to the 40-kDa subunit of replication factor C. We find that the members of one complementation group (13 alleles) derived from our screen correspond to mutations in the Rop gene, whereas the members of another (five alleles) correspond to mutations in the Rfc40 gene. In addition we have isolated 11 new mutant alleles of the disembodied gene. 相似文献
59.
Exocrine pancreatic secretion in response to a new CCK-analog, CCK33 and caerulein in dogs 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We studied the relative molar potencies of a newly synthetized cholecystokinin nonapeptide [Thr28,Nle31]CCK[25-33], natural porcine CCK33 and synthetic caerulein in conscious dogs with chronic gastric and pancreatic fistulas. Peptides were dissolved in albumin-containing solutions to prevent loss from solution. The three peptides were found to be equipotent on a molar basis in stimulating exocrine pancreatic secretion. As [Thr28,Nle31]CCK9 is a peptide less susceptible to oxidation than other forms of CCK, it is an interesting analog with many uses for medical and biological research. 相似文献
60.
David J. Solomon 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》1978,3(2):223-229
Synopsis Migration of smolts in the River Piddle, Dorset, was studied over three years in relation to factors that could influence downstream movement. The river originates mostly from groundwater springs, resulting in stable flows and low turbidity except in very rainy weither. Fish were intercepted at the tidal limit in a fixed trap-net, and measurements of water temperature, discharge, turbidity, barometric pressure, rainfall and solar radiation taken nearby. Slightly increased turbidity and discharge following heavy rain initiated major movements during two nights of the total of 55 days studied. At other times large-scale movements rock place during sunny warm afternoons. Both solar radiation and water temperature were correlated with intensity and timing of movement. The pattern of migration is different from that reported on other rivers, reflecting the relatively stable flow regime of the chalkstream. 相似文献