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981.
Clinical utility of ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines for high‐burden mental disorders: results from mental health settings in 13 countries 下载免费PDF全文
Geoffrey M. Reed Jared W. Keeley Tahilia J. Rebello Michael B. First Oye Gureje José Luis Ayuso‐Mateos Shigenobu Kanba Brigitte Khoury Cary S. Kogan Valery N. Krasnov Mario Maj Jair de Jesus Mari Pratap Sharan Dan J. Stein Min Zhao Tsuyoshi Akiyama Howard F. Andrews Elson Asevedo Majda Cheour Tecelli Domínguez‐Martínez Joseph El‐Khoury Andrea Fiorillo Jean Grenier Nitin Gupta Lola Kola Maya Kulygina Itziar Leal‐Leturia Mario Luciano Bulumko Lusu J. Nicolás I. Martínez‐López Chihiro Matsumoto Mayokun Odunleye Lucky Umukoro Onofa Sabrina Paterniti Shivani Purnima Rebeca Robles Manoj K. Sahu Goodman Sibeko Na Zhong Wolfgang Gaebel Anne M. Lovell Toshimasa Maruta Kathleen M. Pike Michael C. Roberts María Elena Medina‐Mora 《World psychiatry》2018,17(3):306-315
In this paper we report the clinical utility of the diagnostic guidelines for ICD‐11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders as assessed by 339 clinicians in 1,806 patients in 28 mental health settings in 13 countries. Clinician raters applied the guidelines for schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, mood disorders (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety and fear‐related disorders, and disorders specifically associated with stress. Clinician ratings of the clinical utility of the proposed ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines were very positive overall. The guidelines were perceived as easy to use, corresponding accurately to patients’ presentations (i.e., goodness of fit), clear and understandable, providing an appropriate level of detail, taking about the same or less time than clinicians’ usual practice, and providing useful guidance about distinguishing disorder from normality and from other disorders. Clinicians evaluated the guidelines as less useful for treatment selection and assessing prognosis than for communicating with other health professionals, though the former ratings were still positive overall. Field studies that assess perceived clinical utility of the proposed ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines among their intended users have very important implications. Classification is the interface between health encounters and health information; if clinicians do not find that a new diagnostic system provides clinically useful information, they are unlikely to apply it consistently and faithfully. This would have a major impact on the validity of aggregated health encounter data used for health policy and decision making. Overall, the results of this study provide considerable reason to be optimistic about the perceived clinical utility of the ICD‐11 among global clinicians. 相似文献
982.
The ICD‐11 developmental field study of reliability of diagnoses of high‐burden mental disorders: results among adult patients in mental health settings of 13 countries 下载免费PDF全文
Tahilia J. Rebello Jared W. Keeley María Elena Medina‐Mora Oye Gureje José Luis Ayuso‐Mateos Shigenobu Kanba Brigitte Khoury Cary S. Kogan Valery N. Krasnov Mario Maj Jair de Jesus Mari Dan J. Stein Min Zhao Tsuyoshi Akiyama Howard F. Andrews Elson Asevedo Majda Cheour Tecelli Domínguez‐Martínez Joseph El‐Khoury Andrea Fiorillo Jean Grenier Nitin Gupta Lola Kola Maya Kulygina Itziar Leal‐Leturia Mario Luciano Bulumko Lusu J. Nicolas I. Martínez‐López Chihiro Matsumoto Lucky Umukoro Onofa Sabrina Paterniti Shivani Purnima Rebeca Robles Manoj K. Sahu Goodman Sibeko Na Zhong Michael B. First Wolfgang Gaebel Anne M. Lovell Toshimasa Maruta Michael C. Roberts Kathleen M. Pike 《World psychiatry》2018,17(2):174-186
Reliable, clinically useful, and globally applicable diagnostic classification of mental disorders is an essential foundation for global mental health. The World Health Organization (WHO) is nearing completion of the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD‐11). The present study assessed inter‐diagnostician reliability of mental disorders accounting for the greatest proportion of global disease burden and the highest levels of service utilization – schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety and fear‐related disorders, and disorders specifically associated with stress – among adult patients presenting for treatment at 28 participating centers in 13 countries. A concurrent joint‐rater design was used, focusing specifically on whether two clinicians, relying on the same clinical information, agreed on the diagnosis when separately applying the ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines. A total of 1,806 patients were assessed by 339 clinicians in the local language. Intraclass kappa coefficients for diagnoses weighted by site and study prevalence ranged from 0.45 (dysthymic disorder) to 0.88 (social anxiety disorder) and would be considered moderate to almost perfect for all diagnoses. Overall, the reliability of the ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines was superior to that previously reported for equivalent ICD‐10 guidelines. These data provide support for the suitability of the ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines for implementation at a global level. The findings will inform further revision of the ICD‐11 diagnostic guidelines prior to their publication and the development of programs to support professional training and implementation of the ICD‐11 by WHO member states. 相似文献
983.
Hiro-oki Okamura Naonori Sugai Takahiro Kanno Tsuyoshi Shimizu Iwao Ohtani 《Histochemistry and cell biology》1996,106(2):257-260
Tissue specimens from guinea pigs were examined using an enzyme-histochemical reaction to explore the presence of carbonic
anhydrase (CA) activity in the trachea. CA activity was detected in a group of morphologically distinct epithelial cells,
in goblet cells, and in glands of the tracheal mucosa. The epithelial cells showing CA activity were distributed singly and
sparsely throughout the entire trachea. These cells showed a wide morphological variability and were clearly different from
those forming the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium. Their number was higher in sections closer to the tracheal bifurcation
than in those near the larynx. Although the nature of these cells is unknown, based on their morphological and histochemical
characteristics and their distribution, they may represent a specialized chemoreceptor. To our knowledge, this is the first
report of CA localized in tracheal epithelial cells.
Accepted: 6 March 1996 相似文献
984.
Hiroyuki Saito Yoshihiro Takahashi Seizaburo Harata Keiko Tanaka Tsuyoshi Sano Tsunehisa Suto Akio Yamada Shudo Yamazaki Morihiro Morita 《Microbiology and immunology》1996,40(4):271-275
In 1993, mumps with a high incidence of aseptic meningitis became prevalent in Akita prefecture, Japan. Three mumps virus isolates obtained from the nonvaccine-associated cases lacked the BamHI restriction cleavage site of the P gene, like the Urabe strain (Yamada, A. et al, Vaccine 8: 553-557). However, four additional nucleotide substitutions were found in the determined region of 157 bp. Fourteen of 19 cases from which mumps virus showing the Urabe-like RFLP profile was detected were complicated with symptomatic meningitis, whereas there were only four cases of meningitis among 23 individuals infected with the wild type showing no Urabe-like RFLP profile (non-“Urabe-like” wild-type). The incidence of meningitis was over 70% among patients infected with the “Urabe-like” wild-type virus. The “Urabe-like” wild-type disappeared after February 1994 in the epidemic area and was replaced by the non-“Urabe-like” wild-type. Patients infected with the “Urabe-like” wild-type lived in a closed colony, in which there were two instances of transmission between siblings. Thus this outbreak was transient and narrowly localized. 相似文献
985.
Takahiko Tanigawa Jun Suzuki Tsuyoshi Ueta Tetsuo Katsumoto Yoshinori Tanaka 《Microbiology and immunology》1996,40(1):81-84
We have surveyed the sensitivity of cells in macrophage lineage to Streptolysin-O (SLO). SLO had cytotoxic activity on immature myeloid cell lines such as M1 and WEHI-3BD+. SLO was toxic to the cells after a 2-hr incubation. However, mature macrophage cell lines such as A640-BB-2, J774, and P388D1 were not sensitive to the same dose of SLO. After M1 cells were treated with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a differentiation-inducer to macrophage, these cells became insensitive to SLO in one day. This cytotoxic action of SLO was inhibited by pretreatment with anti-Streptolysin-O antibody or cholesterol. These results indicate that SLO has different effects on macrophage lineage. 相似文献
986.
987.
988.
Abstract: To examine the role played by free radicals in brain injury, we performed experiments to detect radicals in the frontal cortex of rats, using electron spin resonance (ESR) and microdialysis. A dialysis probe was inserted into the frontal cortex, and spin adducts in perfusates were immediately detected by ESR. We obtained a relatively stable doublet signal, with parameters of g = 2.0057 and aH = 0.17 mT. This signal corresponded with that of the ascorbyl radical. Ascorbyl radical in the perfusate collected from the frontal cortex was augmented by microinjection of H2 O2 and FeCl2 adjacent to the dialysis probe. When the rats were challenged with cold-induced brain injury, ascorbyl radical and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in the perfusate increased significantly. Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase and catalase attenuated the increase in ascorbyl radical and LDH level induced by the cold injury. Infusion of FeCl2 dissolved in perfusate caused a pronounced increase in ascorbyl radical and LDH level after the cold injury. We conclude that the direct detection of free radical formation further supports the hypothesis that free radicals play an important role in traumatic brain injury. Our findings also indicate that combined microdialysis with ESR spectroscopy is a useful in vivo method for monitoring free radical production in the brain. 相似文献
989.
990.
Properties of the Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-Binding Subunit of Cytochrome c Oxidase from Sweet Potato
Nakagawa Tsuyoshi; Maeshima Masayoshi; Muto Hideyo; Asahi Tadashi 《Plant & cell physiology》1992,33(4):489-491
Subunit IV of cytochrome c oxidase from sweet potato was boundwith dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and synthesized in isolated mitochondria.Thus, this subunit corresponds to subunit HI of the analogousmammalian and fungal enzymes. Subunit IV was a mixture of twopolypeptides (subunits IVa and IVb) which differed slightlyin structure.
1Present address: Research Institute of Molecular Genetics,Shimane University, Matsue, 690 Japan.
2Present address: Institute of Low Temperature Science, HokkaidoUniversity, Sapporo, 060 Japan. 相似文献