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71.
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of five different treatment combinations to find out whether propolis could be an alternative or an adjunctive treatment, in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Intrastromal P. aeruginosa strains were given to both eyes of 20 young New Zealand white rabbits. The rabbits were randomly divided equally into five treatment groups; ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone drops (C+D), ciprofloxacin drop (C), ciprofloxacin and propolis drops (C+P), propolis drop (P), 3% ethanol drop (control), respectively. Directly before the first treatment and 108 h after inoculation, the eyes were examined by slit lamp to assess the corneal opacity and rabbits were sacrificed for bacterial count. The mean corneal opacity scores and the mean bacterial counts log cfu/ml were significantly different in the treatment groups (P=0.001; ANOVA). According to post hoc tests for both the mean bacterial counts and corneal opacity scores, C+D, C, C+P groups were found to be statistically the same (P>0.05), and although the P group had significantly better scores than the control group it did not reach the scores of the rest of the treatment groups (P<0.01). We conclude that propolis may be a useful adjunctive agent but should not be regarded as a replacement for traditional antibiotic therapy for P. aeruginosa keratitis in rabbits. 相似文献
72.
Sadaf Naz Sadia Alam Waseem Ahmed Shah Masaud Khan Abdul Qayyum Maimoona Sabir Alia Naz Asia Iqbal Yamin Bibi Sobia Nisa Amany Salah Khalifa Amal F. Gharib Ahmad El Askary 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2022,29(2):941-954
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is Gram negative, rod shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterium, belongs to enterobacteriaceae family that causes typhoid fever in humans. This bacterium has become a super bug due to acquisition of multi drug resistance. Bacteria is transmitted through food and water contaminated with human feaces. Present study reports the screening of Adhatoda vasica, Amaranthus hybridus and Aloe barbadensis and their evaluation against multi-drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Qualitative analysis of ten phytochemicals was conducted using chemical method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Antibacterial activity of plants was carried out by agar well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. Total tannins, total alkaloids and total flavonoids of different parts of three plants were estimated through spectrophotometer. Total tannins content in different parts of plants was present in the given order Amaranthus hybridus leaf > Aloe barbadensis leaf > Adhatoda vasica leaf > Adhatoda vasica flower > Adhatoda vasica stem. Whereas, the order of total flavonoid concentration was Amaranthus hybridus leaf > Aloe barbadensis leaf > Adhatoda vasica leaf > Amaranthus hybridus seed. Total alkaloids have order, Adhatoda vasica leaf > Amaranthus hybridus leaf > Adhatoda vasica flower > Amaranthus hybridus seed > Aloe barbadensis leaf. Results of phytochemical analysis suggested that plants have strong profile of antioxidants, total phenolic contents and various enzymes proposing them best alternate to cure bacterial infections. GC-MS analysis further confirmed stronger phytochemical profile that can be utilized as antagonists to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. 相似文献
73.
Tayyiba Afzal Yamin Bibi Muhammad Ishaque Saadia Masood Abdul Qayyum Sobia Nisa Zahid Hussain Shah Hameed Alsamadany Gyuhwa Chung 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2022,29(2):1185
Medicinal plants have significant contribution in pharmaceutical industries being producers of compounds utilized as precursors for drug development. A plant of Lamiaceae family; Pseudocaryopteris foetida had not been investigated for its biomedical potential. Current research was aimed to investigate phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic potential and antioxidant activity of crude methanolic extract and fractions of Pseudocaryopteris foetida (leaves). The preliminary phytochemical analysis of crude methanolic extracts and fractions of Pseudocaryopteris foetida revealed that plant is rich in phenolic and flavonoid classes of secondary metabolites while presence of tannin was observed only in crude methanolic extract. The cytotoxicity was determined using brine shrimp lethality test. Different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 µg/mL) of crude methanolic extract and fractions exhibited dose dependent cytotoxicity. However, The LD50 for all the extracts was more than 200 µg/mL indicating weak cytotoxic potential of Pseudocaryopteris foetida. The antioxidant capabilities of crude methanolic extract and fraction of Pseudocaryopteris foetida were analyzed by in vitro bio assays including DPPH, ABTS, Reducing power and phosphomolybdate antioxidant assays using ascorbic acid as standard. The crude methanolic extract showed IC50 (256.38 ± 0.6 and 314.95 ± 1.1 µg/mL) for DPPH and ABTS respectively, while total antioxidant capacity was calculated as 55.79 ± 0.5 µg/mL for crude methanolic extract of Pseudocaryopteris foetida while ascorbic acid indicated total antioxidant capacity of 71.89 ± 2.3 µg/mL. Study concluded that leaves of Pseudocaryopteris foetida were the rich source of antioxidant phytochemicals. Based on preliminary investigations further research should be focused to isolate bioactive phytochemicals as leading source of clinical medicines in future. 相似文献
74.
Dunn T. S., Hanna R. E. B. and Nizami W. A. 1987. Ultrastructural and histochemical observations on the epidermis, presumptive tegument and glands of the miracidium of Gigantocotyle explanatum (Trematoda: Paramphistomidae). International Journal for Parasitology17: 885–895. The miracidium is invested with 20 ciliated epidermal cells arranged in four tiers (6: 8: 4: 2 = 20). Non-ciliated ridges of cytoplasm, located between the epidermal cells, are continuous with an extensive multivesiculate syncytium which underlies the body musculature and comprises the main bulk of the miracidium. It is suggested that the syncytium represents the presumptive sporocyst tegument. Two distinct types of glands are present in the anterior region of the miracidium, viz. a large, syncytial apical gland and a single pair of small, unicellular lateral glands. The apical papilla is formed by the bounding membrane of the apical gland, which is elevated into a complex network of anastomosing lamellae. The lateral glands terminate in discrete rosetteshaped areas on the apical papilla. The possible function of glands in digenetic miracidia and the nature of their secretions are discussed. 相似文献
75.
Background
There is general agreement amongst biologists about the need for good pathway diagrams and a need to formalize the way biological pathways are depicted. However, implementing and agreeing how best to do this is currently the subject of some debate. 相似文献76.
Construction of a large scale integrated map of macrophage pathogen recognition and effector systems
Sobia Raza Neil McDerment Paul A Lacaze Kevin Robertson Steven Watterson Ying Chen Michael Chisholm George Eleftheriadis Stephanie Monk Maire O'Sullivan Arran Turnbull Douglas Roy Athanasios Theocharidis Peter Ghazal Tom C Freeman 《BMC systems biology》2010,4(1):1-18
Background
Mathematical models provide abstract representations of the information gained from experimental observations on the structure and function of a particular biological system. Conferring a predictive character on a given mathematical formulation often relies on determining a number of non-measurable parameters that largely condition the model's response. These parameters can be identified by fitting the model to experimental data. However, this fit can only be accomplished when identifiability can be guaranteed.Results
We propose a novel iterative identification procedure for detecting and dealing with the lack of identifiability. The procedure involves the following steps: 1) performing a structural identifiability analysis to detect identifiable parameters; 2) globally ranking the parameters to assist in the selection of the most relevant parameters; 3) calibrating the model using global optimization methods; 4) conducting a practical identifiability analysis consisting of two (a priori and a posteriori) phases aimed at evaluating the quality of given experimental designs and of the parameter estimates, respectively and 5) optimal experimental design so as to compute the scheme of experiments that maximizes the quality and quantity of information for fitting the model.Conclusions
The presented procedure was used to iteratively identify a mathematical model that describes the NF-κB regulatory module involving several unknown parameters. We demonstrated the lack of identifiability of the model under typical experimental conditions and computed optimal dynamic experiments that largely improved identifiability properties. 相似文献77.
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disease of left ventricular dysfunction accompanied by impairment of the β1-adrenergic receptor (β1-AR) signal cascade. The disturbed β1-AR function may be based on an elevated sympathetic tone observed in patients with heart failure. Prolonged adrenergic stimulation may induce metabolic and electrophysiological disturbances in the myocardium, resulting in tachyarrhythmia that leads to the development of heart failure in human and sudden death. Hence, β1-AR is considered as a promising drug target but attempts to develop effective and specific drug against this tempting pharmaceutical target is slowed down due to the lack of 3D structure of Homo sapiens β1-AR (hsβADR1). This study encompasses elucidation of 3D structural and physicochemical properties of hsβADR1 via threading-based homology modeling. Furthermore, the docking performance of several docking programs including Surflex-Dock, FRED, and GOLD were validated by re-docking and cross-docking experiments. GOLD and Surflex-Dock performed best in re-docking and cross docking experiments, respectively. Consequently, Surflex-Dock was used to predict the binding modes of four hsβADR1 agonists. This study provides clear understanding of hsβADR1 structure and its binding mechanism, thus help in providing the remedial solutions of cardiovascular, effective treatment of asthma and other diseases caused by malfunctioning of the target protein. 相似文献
78.
79.
IgE high affinity receptor (FcεRI) plays an important role in triggering type I allergic reactions. In this study, we have
investigated the ability of four synthetic and sequence-specific RNA interfering antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs)
to reduce the expression of FcεRIα gene in granulocytes of allergy sufferers in vitro. Only AS1 out of four AS-ODNs specifically
inhibited the FcεRIα gene expression and the dose response assay revealed that AS1 was capable of specific inhibition of target
mRNA expression over a linear concentration range without affecting the expression of house keeping genes such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Together, these results indicate that sequence-specific RNA interfering ODNs can be effectively used
to silence the expression of key genes like IgE high affinity receptor that are involved in chronic inflammatory diseases. 相似文献
80.