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11.
André M Nicola Rosângela V Andrade Alessandra S Dantas Patrícia A Andrade Fabrício BM Arraes Larissa Fernandes Ildinete Silva-Pereira Maria Sueli S Felipe 《BMC microbiology》2008,8(1):158
Background
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a dimorphic fungus that causes the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. The response to heat shock is involved in pathogenesis, as this pathogen switches from mycelium to yeast forms in a temperature dependent fashion that is essential to establish infection. HSP90 is a molecular chaperone that helps in the folding and stabilization of selected polypeptides. HSP90 family members have been shown to present important roles in fungi, especially in the pathogenic species, as an immunodominant antigen and also as a potential antifungal therapeutic target. 相似文献12.
13.
Nicoline BM Voet Gijs Bleijenberg George W Padberg Baziel GM van Engelen Alexander CH Geurts 《BMC neurology》2010,10(1):56
Background
In facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) muscle function is impaired and declines over time. Currently there is no effective treatment available to slow down this decline. We have previously reported that loss of muscle strength contributes to chronic fatigue through a decreased level of physical activity, while fatigue and physical inactivity both determine loss of societal participation. To decrease chronic fatigue, two distinctly different therapeutic approaches can be proposed: aerobic exercise training (AET) to improve physical capacity and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to stimulate an active life-style yet avoiding excessive physical strain. The primary aim of the FACTS-2-FSHD (acronym for Fitness And Cognitive behavioural TherapieS/for Fatigue and ACTivitieS in FSHD) trial is to study the effect of AET and CBT on the reduction of chronic fatigue as assessed with the Checklist Individual Strength subscale fatigue (CIS-fatigue) in patients with FSHD. Additionally, possible working mechanisms and the effects on various secondary outcome measures at all levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) are evaluated.Methods/Design
A multi-centre, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial is conducted. A sample of 75 FSHD patients with severe chronic fatigue (CIS-fatigue ≥ 35) will be recruited and randomized to one of three groups: (1) AET + usual care, (2) CBT + usual care or (3) usual care alone, which consists of no therapy at all or occasional (conventional) physical therapy. After an intervention period of 16 weeks and a follow-up of 3 months, the third (control) group will as yet be randomized to either AET or CBT (approximately 7 months after inclusion). Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention and at 3 and 6 months follow up.Discussion
The FACTS-2-FSHD study is the first theory-based randomized clinical trial which evaluates the effect and the maintenance of effects of AET and CBT on the reduction of chronic fatigue in patients with FSHD. The interventions are based on a theoretical model of chronic fatigue in patients with FSHD. The study will provide a unique set of data with which the relationships between outcome measures at all levels of the ICF could be assessed.Trial registration
Dutch Trial Register, NTR1447.14.
We present an updated account of breast cancer treatment and of progress toward “precision” cancer therapy; we focus on new developments in diagnostic molecular pathology and breast cancer that have emerged during the past 2 years. Increasing awareness of new prognostic and predictive methodologies, and introduction of next generation sequencing has increased understanding of both tumor biology and clinical behavior, which offers the possibility of more appropriate therapeutic choices. It remains unclear which of these testing methodologies provides the most informative and cost-effective actionable results for predictive and prognostic pathology. It is likely, however, that an integrated “step-wise” approach that uses the traditional clinical-pathologic paradigms coordinated with molecular characterization of breast tumor tissue, will offer the most comprehensive and cost-effective options for individualized, “precision” therapy for patients with breast cancer. 相似文献
15.
OBB Esener BM Balkan EI Armutak A Uvez G Yildiz M Hafizoglu 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》2013,88(6):424-431
Donkey milk and donkey milk kefir exhibit antiproliferative, antimutagenic and antibacterial effects. We investigated the effects of donkey milk and donkey milk kefir on oxidative stress, apoptosis and proliferation in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. Thirty-four adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, administered 0.5 ml water; group 2, administered 0.5 ml water + EAC cells; group 3, administered 0.5 ml donkey milk + EAC cells; group 4, administered 0.5 ml donkey milk kefir + EAC cells. We introduced 2.5 x 106 EAC cells into each animal by subcutaneous injection. Tap water, donkey milk and donkey milk kefir were administered by gavage for 10 days. Animals were sacrificed on day 11. After measuring the short and long diameters of the tumors, tissues were processed for histology. To determine oxidative stress, cell death and proliferation iNOS and eNOS, active caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were assessed using immunohistochemistry. A TUNEL assay also was used to detect apoptosis. Tumor volume decreased in the donkey milk kefir group compared to the control and donkey milk groups. Tumor volume increased in the donkey milk group compared to the control group. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen levels were higher in the donkey milk kefir group compared to the control and donkey milk groups. The number of apoptotic cells was less in the donkey milk group, compared to the control, whereas it was highest in the donkey milk kefir group. Donkey milk administration increased eNOS levels and decreased iNOS levels, compared to the control group. In the donkey milk kefir group, iNOS levels were significantly lower than those of the control and donkey milk groups, while eNOS levels were similar to the control group. Donkey milk kefir induced apoptosis, suppressed proliferation and decreased co-expression of iNOS and eNOS. Donkey milk promoted development of the tumors. Therefore, donkey milk kefir appears to be more beneficial for treating breast cancer than donkey milk. 相似文献
16.
Loss of phylogenetic information in chorion gene families of Bombyx mori gene conversion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Regier JC; Weigmann BM; Leclerc RF; Friedlander TP 《Molecular biology and evolution》1994,11(1):72-87
The silkmoth chorion has provided a stimulating model for the study of
evolution and developmental regulation of gene families. Previous attempts
at inferring relationships among chorion sequences have been based on
pairwise comparisons of overall similarity, a potentially problematic
approach. To remedy this, we identified the alignable regions of low
sequence variability and then analyzed this restricted database by
parsimony and neighbor-joining methods. At the deepest level, the chorion
sequence tree is split into two branches, called "alpha" and "beta." Within
each branch, early- and late-expressing genes each constitute monophyletic
groups, while the situation with middle-expressing genes remains uncertain.
The HcB gene family appears to be the most basal beta-branch group, but
this conclusion is qualified because the effect of gene conversion on
branching order is unknown. Previous studies by Eickbush and colleagues
have strongly suggested that ErA, HcA, and HcB families undergo gene
conversion within a gene family, whereas the ErB family does not. The
occurrence of conversion correlates with a particular tree structure;
namely, branch lengths are much greater at the base of the family than at
higher internodes and terminal branches. These observations raise the
possibility that chorion gene families are defined by gene conversion
events (reticulate evolution) rather than by descent with modification
(synapomorphy).
相似文献
17.
Catherine E. Sansom Peter B. Heenan Nigel B. Perry Bruce M. Smallfield John W. van Klink 《化学与生物多样性》2013,10(12):2226-2234
The leave volatiles of six Gingidia species from New Zealand and Australia and the seed volatiles of G. grisea were characterized by solid‐phase microextraction (SPME)‐GC/MS analysis. This technique, using a small quantity of samples and automated extraction, gave repeatable results, with maximum sensitivity for medium volatility compounds. The major monoterpenes among the volatiles, i.e., β‐phellandrene ( 4 ), limonene ( 6 ), and γ‐terpinene ( 5 ), and phenylpropanoids, i.e., estragole ( 3 ), (E)‐anethole ( 7 ), and myristicin ( 1 ), showed to be useful chemotaxonomic markers. For G. grisea leaves and seeds, similar compositions were detected, characterized by high contents of 4 . As leaves were more readily available for study than seeds, they were used for further investigations. The G. grisea leaf volatiles showed infraspecific variation in the ratio of 4 / 5 between and within sites of collection. The G. montana leaf volatiles also showed infraspecific variation, with high contents of 3 at one site and high contents of 7 at another. The SPME‐GC/MS analysis of G. montana herbarium voucher specimens resulted in the identification of further chemotypes for this species. The volatiles of the G. amphistoma samples were all dominated by 7 and those of the G. haematitica samples were rich in 5 . Moreover, single plants of two Australian Gingidia species were analyzed; the volatiles of G. harveyana showed high concentrations of 5 and 7 , whereas those of G. rupicola were dominated by 5 and 1 . 相似文献
18.
Marc BM Bracke Sandra A Edwards Bas Engel Willem G Buist Bo Algers 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2008,50(1):29
Background
Recently, a Risk Assessment methodology was applied to animal welfare issues in a report of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) on intensively housed calves. 相似文献19.
Eduardo AVF Ramalho Jo?o LQ Silva-Filho Marina FS Cartaxo Carmelita BL Cavalcanti Moacyr JBM Rêgo Maria BM Oliveira Eduardo IC Beltr?o 《Biological research》2014,47(1)
Background
BRCA protein interacts with at least 13 different proteins that have been implicated with cancer susceptibility and loss of BRCA function is correlated to sensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents in preclinical models.Results
BRCA2 methylation frequency was 44%, p53 Pro22 allele frequency was 32% and heterozygous frequency of Arg/Pro72 genotype was 60% which could be associated as risk factor for metastasis (p = 0.046 OR = 4.190). Regarding to polymorphism of codon 249 the frequency of Arg249 allele presented 82% which was considered not statistically significant.Conclusions
There was not statistical significance to BRCA2 promoter methylation with any parameters chosen. However, our findings suggest that patients who present heterozygous genotype at codon 72 of p53 gene may have a major susceptibility to any type of metastasis and this could serve as potential auxiliary biomarker for poor prognosis. 相似文献20.
Angstrom J; Teneberg S; Milh MA; Larsson T; Leonardsson I; Olsson BM; Halvarsson MO; Danielsson D; N aslund I; Ljungh A; Wadstrom T; Karlsson KA 《Glycobiology》1998,8(4):297-309
The possible role of glycosphingolipids as adhesion receptors for the human
gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori was examined by use of radiolabeled
bacteria, or protein extracts from the bacterial cell surface, in the
thin-layer chromatogram binding assay. Of several binding specificities
found, the binding to lactosylceramide is described in detail here, the
others being reported elsewhere. By autoradiography a preferential binding
to lactosylceramide having sphingosine/phytosphingosine and 2-D hydroxy
fatty acids was detected, whereas lactosylceramide having sphingosine and
nonhydroxy fatty acids was consistently nonbinding. A selective binding of
H. pylori to lactosylceramide with phytosphingosine and 2-D hydroxy fatty
acid was obtained when the different lactosylceramide species were
incorporated into liposomes, but only in the presence of cholesterol,
suggesting that this selectivity may be present also in vivo . Importantly,
lactosylceramide with sphingosine and hydroxy fatty acids does not bind in
this assay. Furthermore, a lactosylceramide-based binding pattern obtained
for different trisaccharide glycosphingolipids is consistent with the
assumption that this selectivity is due to binding of a conformation of
lactosylceramide in which the oxygen of the 2-D fatty acid hydroxyl group
forms a hydrogen bond with the Glc hydroxy methyl group, yielding an
epitope presentation different from other possible conformers. An
alternative conformation that may come into consideration corresponds to
the crystal structure found for cerebroside, in which the fatty acid
hydroxyl group is free to interact directly with the adhesin. By isolating
glycosphingolipids from epithelial cells of human stomach from seven
individuals, a binding of H.pylori to the diglycosylceramide region of the
non-acid fraction could be demonstrated in one of these cases. Mass
spectrometry showed that the binding-active sample contained
diglycosylceramides with phytosphingosine and 2-D hydroxy fatty acids with
16-24 carbon atoms in agreement with the results related above.
相似文献