甜仁山杏优株幼果抗寒性研究

以2个优选的甜仁山杏的幼果为试材．以生产中主栽大扁杏品种“优一”和野生山杏（山苦1、山苦2）为对照,通过冷冻处理,以胚褐变率、电导率和MDA值为指标,研究了甜仁山杏优株的抗寒性。结果表明。供试2个优选的甜仁山杏品系胚褐变率低,半致死温度（LT50）较对照低0．51～0．94℃。供试5个品系抗寒性的顺序依次为山甜1〉山甜2〉山苦1、山苦2〉“优一”。     

“山水林田湖草沙生命共同体”耦合框架、模型与展望

“山水林田湖草沙生命共同体”系统保护与修复是我国生态文明建设的重要内容。明确生命共同体的耦合机制,是科学地进行生态保护和修复工作的关键。针对当前生命共同体耦合机制不清、理论和方法不健全的问题,从耦合的视角出发,在小流域尺度上单一生态系统内部生态要素的耦合、流域尺度上不同生态系统之间的耦合、区域尺度上人与自然的耦合三个方面进行整合,在此基础上探讨了多尺度山水林田湖草沙耦合理论,提出了一般性的山水林田湖草沙耦合理论框架。梳理并比较了当前主要的生态系统模型、景观模型、统计学模型以及复合生态系统的多模型耦合方法,综合提出了一个适用于"山水林田湖草沙生命共同体"耦合研究方法。对进一步完善山水林田湖草沙一体化保护修复提出了建议,包括：一是构建多源信息数据库,推进定量化耦合机制研究;二是开展全生命周期监测与评估,探索适应性治理路径;三是强化多元主体参与,完善协同保护机制。     

Current Concepts and Future Directions in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

This paper provides an overview on the biology, monitoring and management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), with particular attention to issues of relevance to clinical chemistry. The incidence of DTC appears to be increasing and management strategies are evolving as we learn more about its natural history and response to therapy. Clinical chemistry techniques play a central role in these protocols. Technical limitations inherent in current monitoring tools can hamper follow-up, although progress is being made. The molecular basis of DTC is being delineated with the potential to develop new strategies for diagnosis, monitoring and management of this condition.     

冷蒿草原土壤可萌发种子库特征及其对放牧的响应

（１）采用萌发试验法对内蒙古冷蒿（Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａ ｆｒｉｇｉｄａ）草原土壤种子特征及其在不同放牧压力下的变化进行了研究。（２）冷蒿草原可萌发种子库由４种多年生禾草,１１种种多年生杂草及３种１年生植物所组成。（３）每样中的可萌发种子是变化于４５到３０５之间,平均１０２／样。多年生禾草、多年生杂类草及１年生植物的土壤中种子量分别占总可萌发种子库的４６．５７％、５１．９６％和１．５７％。多年和禾 草     

耐低温产甲烷菌的分离及其产气活性的初探

在青藏高原地区的低温条件下通过滚管技术分离了一类耐低温产甲烷菌,并利用气相色谱法测定了产气活性。结果表明:这类甲烷菌最低产气温度为8℃,甲烷气体产生的高峰期在厌氧培养的第7 d;pH值与盐浓度对其产气活性均有影响,最佳条件为pH值7.0、盐度4%。     

实验动物屏障系统微生物动态状况

目的研究运行中的实验动物屏障系统微生物的情况。方法采用沉降菌法、棉拭子法等方法,研究运行中的屏障系统不同区域、不同环境指标下屏障系统内微生物的状况。结果动态下的屏障系统微生物情况与国标GB14925-2001中静态环境有较大不同,动物饲养室和动物实验室沉降菌浓度远高于静态要求;辅助区域在规范化消毒及严格管理的情况下,能达到国标要求。屏障系统的微生物情况存在一定的昼夜变化规律,在晚间出现峰值。结论合适的换气次数可有效控制实验动物屏障系统的沉降菌浓度;加强消毒及硬件的管理,是屏障系统内环境稳定的保障。     

外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下白刺幼苗叶片抗氧化酶系统的影响

为进一步阐明盐生植物白刺耐盐性与多胺的关系,通过水培试验研究了叶面喷施亚精胺(Spd)对不同浓度NaCl胁迫下西伯利亚白刺幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)和超氧阴离子(O2)产生速率,以及抗氧化物酶系统和根系活力的影响.结果表明:叶面喷施0.1 mmol·L1 Spd 5 d后,可显著提高100和200 mmol·L1 NaCl胁迫下白刺幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性以及根系活力,降低了叶片MDA含量和O2的产生速率;而在0、50、300 mmol·L-1 NaC1处理下,外施Spd对白刺幼苗叶片上述指标无显著影响.研究结果证实,在100～200 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫范围内,外施亚精胺可能通过增强体内保护酶活性来显著降低活性氧水平,有效减轻盐胁迫对盐生植物白刺幼苗造成的过氧化伤害,从而增强白刺对盐环境的适应性.     

Bilateral detection thresholds in dextrals and sinistrals reflect the more sensitive side of the nose, which is not lateralized [published erratum appears in Chem Senses 1998 Dec;23(6):761]

Several fundamental questions remain enigmatic concerning human olfactory sensitivity, including (i) whether detection threshold differences exist between the two sides of the nose (and, if so, whether such differences are influenced by handedness) and (ii) whether bilateral (i.e. binasal) stimulation leads to lower thresholds than unilateral stimulation (and, if so, whether the degree of facilitation is inversely related to general olfactory ability). In this study, and well-validated single staircase procedure was used to establish bilateral and unilateral detection thresholds for the cranial nerve I stimulant phenyl ethyl alcohol in 130 right- and 33 left-handed subjects. No differences in sensitivity between the left and right sides of the nose were observed in either group. Bilateral thresholds were lower, on average, than unilateral thresholds when the latter were categorized in terms of left and right nares. However, the bilateral thresholds did not differ significantly from those of the side of the nose with the lower threshold. Overall smell ability, as measured by the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, did not interact with any of the test measures. These data imply that (i) the left and right sides of the nose do not systematically differ in detection threshold sensitivity for either dextrals or sinistrals and (ii) if central integration of left:right olfactory threshold sensitivity occurs, its effects do not exceed the function of the better side of the nose.      

云南瓶尔小草属一新种

Ophioglossum yongrenense Ching ex Z. R. He et W. M. Chu, sp. nov.Species nova aspectu inter O. kawamuram Tagawa et O. parvum Nishida et Kurita Japonicae, differt a priore frondibus pro parte laminis sterilibus praeditis (in illa frondibus omnino laminis sterilibus non praeditis), a posteriore frondibus pro parte laminis sterilibus non praeditis (in O. parvo Nishida et Kurita frondibus omino laminis sterilibus praeditis).……