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991.
992.
G L Chen A Balfe W Erwa G Hoefler J Gaertner J Aikawa W W Chen 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1991,178(3):1084-1091
A polypeptide containing the carboxyl-terminal fragment of human peroxisomal enoyl-CoA hydratase:3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase bifunctional enzyme was synthesized in vitro from its cDNA clone. This expression polypeptide was transported into purified rat liver peroxisomes. When the expression polypeptide was incubated with postnuclear supernatant fractions of human hepatoma cells and analyzed by Nycodenz gradient SDS-PAGE and fluorography, it was imported specifically into peroxisomes as indicated by its resistance to proteinase K degradation. A deletion of the last nine amino acid residues at the carboxyl-terminus of this polypeptide prevents its peroxisomal import. A tripeptide sequence, SKL, located at the carboxyl-terminus of human bifunctional enzyme appears to be the targeting signal for the peroxisomal importation of bifunctional enzyme in human cells. 相似文献
993.
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - The properties of the anode material and structure are critical to the microbial growth and interfacial electron transfer between the biofilm and the anode.... 相似文献
994.
995.
Zhaodong Huang Ao Chen Funian Mo Guojin Liang Xinliang Li Qi Yang Ying Guo Ze Chen Qing Li Binbin Dong Chunyi Zhi 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(24)
Output voltage and self‐discharge rate are two important performance indices for supercapacitors, which have long been overlooked, though these play a very significant role in their practical application. Here, a zinc anode is used to construct a zinc ion hybrid capacitor. Expanded operating voltage of the hybrid capacitor is obtained with novel electrolytes. In addition, significantly improved anti‐self‐discharge ability is achieved. The phosphorene‐based zinc ion capacitor exploiting a “water in salt” electrolyte with a working potential can reach 2.2 V, delivering 214.3 F g?1 after 5000 cycles. The operating voltage is further extended to 2.5 V through the use of an organic solvent as the electrolyte; the solvent is prepared by adding 0.2 m ZnCl2 into the tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in propylene carbonate (Et4NBF4/PC) solvent, and it exhibits 105.9 F g?1 even after 9500 cycles. More importantly, the phosphorene‐based capacitors possess excellent anti‐self‐discharge performance. The capacitors retain 76.16% of capacitance after resting for 300 h. The practical application of the zinc ion capacitor is demonstrated through a flexible paper‐based printed microcapacitor. It is believed that the developed zinc ion capacitor can effectively resolve the severe self‐discharge problem of supercapacitors. Moreover, high‐voltage zinc ion capacitors provide more opportunities for the application of supercapacitors. 相似文献
996.
Washing is a standard step for enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) performed on a paper‐based chip, in which nonspecific‐binding antibodies and antigens should be removed completely from the paper surface. In this study, a novel three‐dimensional (3D) washing strategy using a heating ring‐oven was carried out on a paper‐based chip. Compared with a plane washing mode by a ring‐oven, this 3D washing strategy obtained a lower background, as gravity played an important role in the washing step. The paper‐based chip was placed on a 3D plastic holder and the waste area was connected to a heating ring. Use of a heating waste area meant that the nonspecific‐binding protein was continuously carried to the waste area through gravity and capillary action. The angle between the plastic holder and the ring plane was carefully selected. The effect of washing on different parts of the detection area was investigated by upconversion fluorescence and chemiluminescence (CL). This novel 3D washing strategy was performed for carcinoembryonic antigen detection through CL and a lower detection limit of 2 pg ml?1 was obtained. This approach provides an effective washing strategy to remove nonspecific‐binding antibody from a paper‐based immunodevice. 相似文献
997.
Chen X Shang H Qiu X Fujiwara N Cui L Li XM Gao TM Kong J 《Neurochemical research》2012,37(4):835-845
Converging evidence indicates that SOD1 aggregation is a common feature of mutant SOD1-linked fALS, and seems to be directly
related to the gain-of-function toxic property. However, the mechanism inducing the aggregation is not understood. To study
the contribution of oxidative modification of cysteine residues in SOD1 aggregation, we systematically examined the redox
state of SOD1 cysteine residues in the G37R transgenic mouse model at different stages of the disease and under oxidative
stress induced by H2O2. Our data suggest that under normal circumstance, cysteine 111 residue in SOD1 is free; however, under oxidative stress,
it is prone to oxidative modification by providing the thiolate anion (S−). With the progression of the disease, increased
levels of oxidative insults facilitated the oxidation of thiol groups of cysteine residues; human mutant SOD1 could generate
an upper shift band in reducing SDS-PAGE, which turned out to be a Cys111-peroxidized SOD1 species. We also detected the formation
of SOD1 multimers at different stages of the disease, and found that accumulated oxidative stress facilitated the formation
of aggregates, which were not mediated by disulfide bond. This oxidative modification of cysteine 111 therefore promotes the
formation of disulfide bond-independent aggregation of SOD1. 相似文献
998.
999.
Li L Cao XH Chen SR Han HD Lopez-Berestein G Sood AK Pan HL 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(8):6002-6013
High voltage-activated calcium channels (HVACCs) are essential for synaptic and nociceptive transmission. Although blocking HVACCs can effectively reduce pain, this treatment strategy is associated with intolerable adverse effects. Neuronal HVACCs are typically composed of α(1), β (Cavβ), and α(2)δ subunits. The Cavβ subunit plays a crucial role in the membrane expression and gating properties of the pore-forming α(1) subunit. However, little is known about how nerve injury affects the expression and function of Cavβ subunits in primary sensory neurons. In this study, we found that Cavβ(3) and Cavβ(4) are the most prominent subtypes expressed in the rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and dorsal spinal cord. Spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats significantly increased mRNA and protein levels of the Cavβ(3), but not Cavβ(4), subunit in the DRG. SNL also significantly increased HVACC currents in small DRG neurons and monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic currents of spinal dorsal horn neurons evoked from the dorsal root. Intrathecal injection of Cavβ(3)-specific siRNA significantly reduced HVACC currents in small DRG neurons and the amplitude of monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic currents of dorsal horn neurons in SNL rats. Furthermore, intrathecal treatment with Cavβ(3)-specific siRNA normalized mechanical hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia caused by SNL but had no significant effect on the normal nociceptive threshold. Our findings provide novel evidence that increased expression of the Cavβ(3) subunit augments HVACC activity in primary sensory neurons and nociceptive input to dorsal horn neurons in neuropathic pain. Targeting the Cavβ(3) subunit at the spinal level represents an effective strategy for treating neuropathic pain. 相似文献
1000.
A cloned ompR-like gene of Streptomyces lividans 66 suppresses defective melC1, a putative copper-transfer gene 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Expression of tyrosinase in Streptomyces requires functional MelC1 protein, which is postulated to transfer copper to apotyrosinase. We have previously isolated a mutant of Streptomyces lividans, HT32, that phenotypically suppressed mutations in cloned melC1 (H.-C. Tseng and C. W. Chen, in preparation). Plasmid pLUS132, containing an ATG to ATA transition at the initiation codon of melC1, was used for cloning the suppressor gene from HT32. A 1687 bp suppressor DNA was isolated that contained two characteristic Streptomyces coding sequences: a 217-amino-acid open reading frame (cutR) and a truncated open reading frame (cutS) downstream. Subcloning analysis attributed the phenotypic suppression activity to the putative cutR gene from HT32. The putative CutR exhibited similarity to the response regulator OmpR of the osmoregulatory signal-transduction system in Escherichia coli. The truncated CutS resembled, to a lesser degree, the N-terminus of EnvZ, the histidine protein kinase counterpart of OmpR. DNA hybridizing to the cloned cutR-cutS sequence was detected in 16 other Streptomyces species. We postulate that the putative cutR-cutS operon regulates copper metabolism in Streptomyces. 相似文献