海马脑片盲法膜片钳全细胞记录技术

本文较为详细地介绍了海马脑片盲法膜片钳全细胞记录技术,对其关键步骤和需要注意的问题进行了重点说明,同时对CA1区锥体神经元突触活动的特点,电压门控性Ca^2 通道以及谷氨酸（glutamate,Glu)γ－氨基丁酸（GABA）受体通道电流性质等进行了观察和分析,实验结果为采用海马脑片盲法膜片钳全细胞记录技术研究海马神经元离子通道动力学性质和中枢神经系统药物对突触活动的影响提供了可靠的依据。     

Association between a rare novel TP53 variant (rs78378222) and melanoma,squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck and lung cancer susceptibility in non‐Hispanic Whites

Recently, several studies have investigated the association between a newly reported rare functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TP53 (rs78378222) and cancer risk, but generated inconsistent findings. The present study further investigated this association with risk of melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) and lung cancer. Using volunteers of non‐Hispanic Whites recruited for three large case–control studies, we genotyped the TP53 rs78378222 SNP in 1329 patients with melanoma, 1096 with SCCHN, 1013 with lung cancer and 3000 cancer‐free controls. Overall, we did not observe any variant homozygotes in this study population, nor significant associations between the TP53 rs78378222AC genotype or C allele and risk for melanoma (P = 0.680 and 0.682 respectively) and lung cancer (P = 0.379 and 0.382 respectively), but a protection against SCCHN (P = 0.008 and 0.008 respectively), compared with the AA genotype or A allele. An additional meta‐analysis including 19,423 cancer patients and 54,050 controls did not support such a risk association either. Our studies did not provide statistical evidence of an association between this rare TP53 variant and increased risk of melanoma, nor of lung cancer, but a possible protection against SCCHN.     

Expression profile of IGF system during lung injury and recovery in rats exposed to hyperoxia: a possible role of IGF-1 in alveolar epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation

Although several studies have shown that an induction of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) components occurs during hyperoxia-mediated lung injury, the role of these components in tissue repair is not well known. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of IGF system components in normal tissue remodeling. We used a rat model of lung injury and remodeling by exposing rats to > 95% oxygen for 48 h and allowing them to recover in room air for up to 7 days. The mRNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) increased during injury. However, the protein levels of these components remained elevated until day 3 of the recovery and were highly abundant in alveolar type II cells. Among IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), IGFBP-5 mRNA expression increased during injury and at all the recovery time points. IGFBP-2 and -3 mRNA were also elevated during injury phase. In an in vitro model of cell differentiation, the expression of IGF-I and IGF-II increased during trans-differentiation of alveolar epithelial type II cells into type-I like cells. The addition of anti-IGF-1R and anti-IGF-I antibodies inhibited the cell proliferation and trans-differentiation to some extent, as evident by cell morphology and the expression of type I and type II cell markers. These findings demonstrate that the IGF signaling pathway plays a critical role in proliferation and differentiation of alveolar epithelium during tissue remodeling.     

蕲蛇酶,凝血酶对人及牛纤维蛋白原的凝血反应比较

目的 研究蕲蛇酶、凝血酶与不同种 纤维蛋白原的凝血作用的差异,以选择检定蕲蛇酶活力的最适底物。方法 取不同的浓度人凝血酶与人纤维蛋白原（ＨＦｇ）、牛纤维蛋白原（ＢＦｇ）及人血小板血浆（ＰＰＰ）反应（试管法或用血液凝聚仪）,分别记录初凝时间并求反应曲线的回归方程。蕲蛇酶也稀释成不同深度 上法测定,并求回归方程。另以人凝血酶（１．２５ＩＵ／ｍｌ）、蕲蛇酶（１．２５ＡＵ／ｍｌ）与梯度浓度的ＨＦｇ反应并求     

高CO2浓度对百合某些生理生化物质的影响

本试验以生产花卉的温棚为设施,采用半封闭式CO2供气系统,研究不同CO2浓度对切花百合(Liliumdauricum)叶片光合速率和某些物质含量及开花期的影响.结果表明对于群体Pn、叶绿素(a+b)、叶绿素a、蔗糖、葡萄糖、氨基酸总量、脯氨酸含量等指标,600μmol*mol-1的CO2比对照依次提高54.3%、20%、38%、23%、22%、8.9%、31.2%;800μmol*mol-1的CO2比对照依次提高25%、20%、36%、10.8%、8.7%、10.6%、17.8%;1000μmol*mol-1的CO2比对照依次提高3.4%、14.0%、32%、7.6%、7.4%、-0.5%、7.1%.其中600μmol*mol-1的CO2更有利于百合叶片群体Pn和所测有机物含量的提高,也有利于花蕾的形成和生长,提前花期,提高切花瓶插期间的保鲜效果.     

食用菌灭活原生质体电融合及属间融合产物的鉴定分析

食用菌因其显著的营养、保健、药用及综合利用价值受到世人青睐。原生质体融合技术则为食用菌的育种和遗传学研究提供了一条很好的途径。食用菌的种内、种间乃至属间、目间的原生质体融合均已有过报道,但这些工作大多利用营养缺陷型标记的亲株,采用化学融合法完成。这种融合的效率较低,对亲株的标记繁琐费时,甚至会对菌株性状产生不良影响。最近,一种具有较高融合效率的物理融合法——电融合法以及非遗传性标记法分别被一些研究者所采用。本研究将原生质体电融合法与灭活标记法相结合来获得食用菌的属间融合产物,并采用包括同工酶分析和RAPD(或AP-PCR)方法在内的分子生物学方法,对食用菌属间杂交后代的遗传学特性进行初步探讨。1 材料和方法     

流行性出血热病毒的细胞融合作用

我们的实验结果揭示流行性出血热病毒(EHFV)在酸性条件下可导致感染细胞发生融合,细胞间隙消失,细胞界限不清,细胞和细胞连在一起,形成多核的巨细胞体,姬姆薩染色比未融合细胞浅。融合液(Eagle’s基础培养液,含0.2％BSA,20mmol/L HEPES),用1.0NNaOH调pH至5.0—6.0时,细胞融合最甚,几乎所有的感染细胞都     

StructureSelector: A web‐based software to select and visualize the optimal number of clusters using multiple methods

Inferences of population genetic structure are of great importance to the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology. The program structure has been widely used to infer population genetic structure. However, previous studies demonstrated that uneven sampling often leads to wrong inferences on hierarchical structure. The most widely used ΔK method tends to identify the uppermost hierarchy of population structure. Recently, four alternative statistics (medmedk , medmeak , maxmedk and maxmeak ) were proposed, which appear to be more accurate than the previously used methods for both even and uneven sampling data. However, the lack of easy‐to‐use software limits the use of these appealing new estimators. Here, we developed a web‐based user‐friendly software structureselector to calculate the four appealing alternative statistics together with the commonly used Ln Pr(X|K) and ΔK statistics. structureselector accepts the result files of structure , admixture or faststructure as input files. It reports the “best” K for each estimator, and the results are available as HTML or tab separated tables. The program can also generate graphical representations for specific K, which can be easily downloaded from the server. The software is freely available at http://lmme.qdio.ac.cn/StructureSelector/ .     

Application of quantitative real-time PCR for rapid identification of Bacteroides fragilis group and related organisms in human wound samples

Our goal was to establish a quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) method to detect Bacteroides fragilis group and related organisms from clinical specimens. Compared to conventional anaerobic culture, QRT-PCR can provide accurate and more rapid detection and identification of B.?fragilis group and similar species. B.?fragilis group and related organisms are the most frequently isolated anaerobic pathogens from clinical samples. However, culture and phenotypic identification is quite time-consuming. We designed specific primers and probes based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Bacteroides caccae, Bacteroides eggerthii, B.?fragilis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides stercoris, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Odoribacter splanchnicus (Bacteroides splanchnicus), Parabacteroides distasonis (Bacteroides distasonis) and Parabacteroides merdae (Bacteroides merdae), and detected these species by means of QRT-PCR in 400 human surgical wound infection samples or closed abscesses. The target bacteria were detected from 31 samples (8%) by culture, but from 132 samples (33%) by QRT-PCR (p-value?相似文献