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21.
A fungal infection occurred in juvenile coonstripe shrimps,Pandalus hypsinotus, cultured at Hokkaido Institute of Mariculture, Hokkaido, Japan. The fungus was identified asLagenidium myophilum, the same fungus that had previously been isolated from the abdominal muscle of adult northern shrimps,Pandalus borealis, and larvae of the coonstripe shrimp. Histopathologically, numerous nonseptate hyphae were observed in the lesions, and melanized hemocytes were present within the blackened areas. The optimum temperature for growth of the present strain was 25–30°C, and the optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 0.5–1.0%. Its biological characteristics were compared with those ofLagenidium myophilum isolated from diseased larval coonstripe shrimp and adult northern shrimp. The fungus was pathogenic toward shrimps of the genusPandalus, which live in deep sea areas. The fungus could infect shrimps at various stages, from larva to adult. 相似文献
22.
Ohara Chisato Sekiguchi Atsushi Takakura Shu Endo Yuka Tamura Naho Kikuchi Hiroe Maruo Kazushi Sugawara Norio Hatano Kenji Kawanishi Hitomi Funaba Misako Sugawara Ayako Nohara Nobuhiro Kawai Keisuke Fukudo Shin Sudo Nobuyuki Cooper Zafra Yoshiuchi Kazuhiro Ando Tetsuya 《BioPsychoSocial medicine》2020,14(1):1-3
Although fatigue is a common and distressing symptom in cancer survivors, the mechanism of fatigue is not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relation between the fatigue and mindfulness of breast cancer survivors using anxiety, depression, pain, loneliness, and sleep disturbance as mediators. Path analysis was performed to examine direct and indirect associations between mindfulness and fatigue. Participants were breast cancer survivors who visited a breast surgery department at a university hospital in Japan for hormonal therapy or regular check-ups after treatment. The questionnaire measured cancer-related-fatigue, mindfulness, anxiety, depression, pain, loneliness, and sleep disturbance. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected from medical records. Two-hundred and seventy-nine breast cancer survivors were registered, of which 259 answered the questionnaire. Ten respondents with incomplete questionnaire data were excluded, resulting in 249 participants for the analyses. Our final model fit the data well (goodness of fit index = .993; adjusted goodness of fit index = .966; comparative fit index = .999; root mean square error of approximation = .016). Mindfulness, anxiety, depression, pain, loneliness, and sleep disturbance were related to fatigue, and mindfulness had the most influence on fatigue (β = − .52). Mindfulness affected fatigue not only directly but also indirectly through anxiety, depression, pain, loneliness, and sleep disturbance. The study model helps to explain the process by which mindfulness affects fatigue. Our results suggest that mindfulness has both direct and indirect effects on the fatigue of breast cancer survivors and that mindfulness can be used to more effectively reduce their fatigue. It also suggests that health care professionals should be aware of factors such as anxiety, depression, pain, loneliness, and sleep disturbance in their care for fatigue of breast cancer survivors. This study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN number. 000027720) on June 12, 2017. 相似文献
23.
Natsuko Izumi Shinpei Kawaoka Satoshi Yasuhara Yutaka Suzuki Sumio Sugano Susumu Katsuma Yukihide Tomari 《RNA (New York, N.Y.)》2013,19(7):896-901
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) defend the genome against transposon activity in animal gonads. The Hsp90 chaperone machinery has been implicated in the piRNA pathway, but its exact role remains obscure. Here, we examined the effect of 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), an Hsp90-specific inhibitor, on the piRNA pathway. In the silkworm ovary-derived BmN4 cells, 17-AAG treatment reduced the level of piRNAs and PIWI proteins. In vitro, the 5′-nucleotide preference upon precursor piRNA loading was compromised by 17-AAG, whereas 3′-end trimming and 2′-O-methylation were unaffected. Our data highlight a role of Hsp90 in accurate loading of precursor piRNAs into PIWI proteins. 相似文献
24.
Hiroaki Tobimatsu Antoine Paragon Yosuke Okamura Shinji Takeoka Ryo Sudo Yasuo Ikeda Kazuo Tanishita 《Journal of Biorheology》2013,26(1-2):11-20
Recombinant glycoprotein Ibα latex beads (rGPIbα-LB) are a potential solution to overcoming platelet transfusion problems with artificial platelets. To understand the transport process of artificial platelets and to estimate the particle motion when adhering to the wall surface, we evaluated the lateral motion of rGPIbα-LB in terms of drift and random motion, because the lateral motion is an important factor for transport and adhesion. We observed the lateral motion of rGPIbα-LB flowing with red blood cells toward the immobilized von Willebrand factor (vWf) surface in a model arteriole at wall shear rates of 200–1000 s?1 and 0–40% Hct. At 40% Hct, wall shear rate dependence was observed for the drift motion, i.e. the lateral velocity of rGPIbα-LB toward the wall. In the near-wall region, the drift motion of contacting particles differed substantially from that of non-contacting particles. Additionally, the trajectories of contacting particles on the vWf surface had specific motion that was not observed on the BSA surface. These results suggest that the adhesion force between rGPIbα and vWf is highly associated with the motion of particles near the wall. These features are desirable for artificial platelets, particularly for the adhesion process. 相似文献
25.
Chisato Yoshida Atsushi B. Tsuji Hitomi Sudo Aya Sugyo Tatsuya Kikuchi Mitsuru Koizumi Yasushi Arano Tsuneo Saga 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive tumor and prognosis remains poor. Therefore, the development of more effective therapy is needed. We previously reported that high levels of an anti-c-kit antibody (12A8) accumulated in SCLC xenografts. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of two antibodies (12A8 and 67A2) for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of an SCLC mouse model by labeling with the 90Y isotope.
Methods
111In- or 125I-labeled antibodies were evaluated in vitro by cell binding, competitive inhibition and cellular internalization assays in c-kit-expressing SY cells and in vivo by biodistribution in SY-bearing mice. Therapeutic efficacy of 90Y-labeled antibodies was evaluated in SY-bearing mice upto day 28 and histological analysis was conducted at day 7.Results
[111In]12A8 and [111In]67A2 specifically bound to SY cells with high affinity (8.0 and 1.9 nM, respectively). 67A2 was internalized similar to 12A8. High levels of [111In]12A8 and [111In]67A2 accumulated in tumors, but not in major organs. [111In]67A2 uptake by the tumor was 1.7 times higher than for [111In]12A8. [90Y]12A8, but not [90Y]67A2, suppressed tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. Tumors treated with 3.7 MBq of [90Y]12A8, and 1.85 and 3.7 MBq of [90Y]67A2 (absorbed doses were 21.0, 18.0 and 35.9 Gy, respectively) almost completely disappeared approximately 2 weeks after injection, and regrowth was not observed except for in one mouse treated with 1.85 MBq [90Y]67A2. The area of necrosis and fibrosis increased depending on the RIT effect. Apoptotic cell numbers increased with increased doses of [90Y]12A8, whereas no dose-dependent increase was observed following [90Y]67A2 treatment. Body weight was temporarily reduced but all mice tolerated the RIT experiments well.Conclusion
Treatment with [90Y]12A8 and [90Y]67A2 achieved a complete therapeutic response when SY tumors received an absorbed dose greater than 18 Gy and thus are promising RIT agents for metastatic SCLC cells at distant sites. 相似文献26.
Yoshio Osada Sohsuke Yamada Atsunori Nabeshima Yasunobu Yamagishi Kenji Ishiwata Susumu Nakae Katsuko Sudo Tamotsu Kanazawa 《Experimental parasitology》2013
Some parasitic helminths are known to protect their hosts from allergic and autoimmune disorders. Here, we tested the effects of a gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp), on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) in mice. Hp infection significantly suppressed hyperglycemia induced by multiple low-dose administration of STZ, but did not affect hyperglycemia induced by single high-dose administration of STZ. In the multiple low dose model, Hp infection prevented a decrease in pancreatic islet size. The augmentation of TNF-α and IL-1β expression in the pancreas was abrogated by Hp infection. The genetic absence of IL-10 or STAT6 did not abrogate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Hp. Hp has a suppressive effect on immune mechanism-mediated experimental T1D via Th2 polarization-independent mechanisms. 相似文献
27.
Koji Ueda Keitaro Tawaraya Hideki Murayama Satoru Sato Takashi Nishizawa Tomonobu Toyomasu Tetsuya Murayama Shinpei Shiozawa Hironori Yasuda 《Applied Entomology and Zoology》2013,48(1):79-85
We investigated the effects of symbiotic association between a plant and an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) on the abundance of aboveground foliar-feeding insects that differed in feeding mode and their predator. We examined effects on insect abundance as the result of AMF-related changes in the quality and quantity of plants in the field. The numbers of three insects with different foliar-feeding mode (phloem feeder, chewer, and cell-content feeder) and their generalist predator Orius sauteri Poppius on soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill with and without the AMF Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall were compared over time. Symbiotic association between the AMF and the soybean increased shoot biomass, the concentration of phosphorus in the soybean, and the abundance of the phloem feeder Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach, but did not affect the abundance of generalist chewers. In addition, the effects of the symbiotic association on the abundance of cell-content feeding Thrips spp. and the generalist predator O. sauteri differed between sample dates. These results indicated that the effects of the symbiotic association on the number of foliar-feeding insects depended on feeding mode and the number of predators. 相似文献
28.
Tadashi Sudo Hideo Nagayama Kinjiro Tamari 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2535-2542
In order to explain the difference in extracellular cellulase activities (C1 and Cx enzyme activities) among various strains of P. oryzae, the elution patterns from the column were compared among various strains, following each step of the partial purification.The crude enzymes, prepared by ammonium sulfate fractionation (0.2~0.8 sat.) from the culture filtrates, which were obtained from various strains of P. oryzae cultured on rice plant powder as the carbon source, were fractionated by DEAE-Sephadex A–50 chromatography into two components; the passing-through fraction (I) and the fraction (II) adsorbed and eluted from the column with 0.5 M NaCl The percentage of the enzyme activity (Cx enzyme activity) in fraction I to that of the crude extract was found to vary chracteristically according to the strain, and the variation was in a good correlation to that of the extracellular cellulase activities.Fractions I and II were then separated by Sephadex G–100 into two (peaks a and b) and at least five (peaks c, d, e, f and g) components, respectively. The activities in peaks a, b and g were found to vary according to the strain, while those of peaks c and e were common among various strains.The cell wall fraction prepared from C–3 strain, which was previously shown to be low in enzyme activity and thus out of the correlation between the degree of pathogenicity and extracellular cellulase activity, was found to exhibit higher cellulase activities (C1 and Cx enzyme activities) than those of other strains examined. Thus, the low extracellular cellulase activity in the case of C–3 strain was suggested to be due to the abnormality in the mechanism of enzyme excretion. 相似文献
29.
Toshiharu Yagi Shinpei Yamamoto Mitsuhiro Nozaki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2819-2821
γ-Glutamylmethylamide (γ-GMA) synthetase was detected in crude extracts of Methylophaga sp. AA-30, but neither methylamine dehydrogenase nor N-methylglutamate dehydrogenase was observed. A large amount of γ-GMA was accumulated in the cells when the growth on methanol-methylamine was inhibited with iodoacetate, but the accumulation was not observed in the cells grown on methanol-(NH4)2SO4. It is thought that γ-GMA is a metabolic intermediate of the methylamine-dissimilating pathway in the bacterium. In addition, γ-GMA-dissimilating enzymes were found in methylamine-grown cells. The enzymes, which consisted of H protein and L protein, required α-ketoglutaric acid, Mg2+ or Mn2+, and ammonia as a cofactor. Although the enzyme catalyzed the formation of glutamate from γ-GMA, it did not catalyze the formation of N-methylglutamate. Consequently, in this bacterium, methylamine seems to be metabolized through a different pathway from the N-methylglutamate pathway. 相似文献
30.
Susumu Nagasaki Yoshitaka Nishioka Hiroyuki Mori Shinpei Yamamoto 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(6):1059-1067
An endo β-1, 3-glucanase which is able to disrupt the cells of living yeast has been purified in homogeneous state from the culture filtrate of Flavobacterium dormitator var. glucanolyticae. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 17,000 ~ 22,000. The mode of enzyme action has been suggested to be a “random” type of β-1, 3-glucanase. The enzyme preferes larger chains saccharides as substrate for its action, however, smaller oligosaccharides such as laminaritriose and laminaribiose are also decomposed by the enzyme. The Km values of the enzyme for laminarin, laminarihexaose, and laminaritetraose were determined to be 0.26, 1.18, and 2.00 g/liter, respectively. The ability of this enzyme to disrupt the cells of living yeast is its remarkable point, since endo β-1, 3-glucanase of a smaller oligosaccharide-producing type from most sources has been recognized to be inactive (or very weakly active) on living yeast cells. 相似文献