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121.
Sato S Demura S Kobayashi H Nagasawa Y 《Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science》2002,21(4):195-204
The purposes of this study were to examine the characteristics of the relationship between ADL ability and daily life satisfaction and the pattern change with aging in independent Japanese elderly, and to compare these tendencies between males and females. The characteristics of ADL ability and daily life satisfaction of 482 subjects (213 males, 269 females) were investigated in a self-response survey. Seventy-four ADL items, considered from previous studies, were selected from nine ADL domains of 1) movement, 2) going up and down stairs, 3) changing and holding posture, 4) bathing, 5) toileting, 6) dressing, 7) grooming, 8) eating, and 9) manual activities, and nine items of daily life satisfaction were selected from physical, psychological and sociological factors. Both ADL ability and life satisfaction of independent elderly tended to decline with aging. From correlation analysis, since life satisfaction of the elderly was higher with high ADL ability level, it was considered that ADL ability level is one of the important factors in providing for life satisfaction of independent elderly. The subjective symptoms of inconvenience in the lower extremity and lumbar region increased from the 70s in both genders, and the use of assisting devices for movement remarkably increased in the 80s in both genders. The use of assisting devices closely related to the activity area in daily life and influenced the characteristics of life satisfaction and its age-related change in the relationship between ADL ability and life satisfaction. The relationship between ADL ability and satisfaction with physical function was similar in both genders, while the relationship between ADL ability and satisfaction with sociological and psychological factors was different between males and females. Since the relationship between ADL ability and life satisfaction of independent elderly is influenced by a combination of personal, cultural, and environmental factors, additional study must investigate in detail the influence of these factors. 相似文献
122.
Sato S Demura S Minami M Kasuga K 《Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science》2002,21(4):179-187
The present study aimed to evaluate the utility of the activities of daily living (ADL) index for partially dependent elderly people (ADL-PDI) when applied longitudinally to an institutionalized partially dependent (PD) group, and to determine the characteristics of the longitudinal change in ADL ability of the PD group. The subjects were ten Japanese PD living at welfare institutions for the aged such as accredited nursing homes and health facilities (mean age was 82.2 +/- 2.32 years in total; 84.3 +/- 4.18 years for five males; 80.3 +/- 2.33 years for five females). The questionnaire consisted of the ADL-PDI, the Barthel index (BI), physical independence, dementia independence, anamnesis, body impairments, use of assisting devices, the institutionalized period, and type of medical rehabilitation and medical treatment, and was administered to the subjects twice during their institutionalized period. All testers were staff working at the subjects' institution, such as occupational therapists, physiotherapists and nurses. The result of the longitudinal ADL assessment was that ADL-PDI may evaluate the longitudinal change in ADL ability on a unidimensional scale. The utility of the standard for discriminating the functional level of the elderly using the ADL-PDI score, which was indicated in our previous study (Sato et al., 2001), was supported by longitudinal data. Furthermore, the BI was superior to the ADL-PDI in evaluating the disabled elderly with lower functional levels. However, the ADL-PDI was better than the BI in evaluating the disabled elderly with a higher functional level and was considered to have wider applications in evaluating the ADL ability of the elderly. 相似文献
123.
Kondo T Goto S Ihara Y Urata Y Ikeda S Hishikawa Y Izumi S Shin M Koji T 《Free radical research》2002,36(9):957-966
It has been reported that acute exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) induces apoptosis in the testis, and antioxidants play a role in preventing DES-induced tissue damage. In this study, the effect of chronic exposure to DES on the antioxidants was examined in the testis and liver. Eight-week old male ICR mice were treated subcutaneously with various doses of DES for 20 days. Morphologically apparent apoptotic changes, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-positive cells and TUNEL-positive DNA-fragmentation, were demonstrated in the testis, but were minimal in the liver. Activities of antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) peroxidase and GSH S -transferase decreased in both the liver and testis. The activity of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased in the liver but increased in the testis. The activity of Cu, Zn-SOD decreased in the liver but was unchanged in the testis. On Western and Northern blots, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase ( γ-GCS), a rate limiting enzyme of GSH synthesis, was increased in the liver dependent on the dose of DES. However, the expression of γ-GCS was reduced in the testis. Since quinones, metabolites of DES, generate reactive oxygen species, which damage DNA, antioxidants are important to prevent the damage. The data suggest that antioxidant activities are impaired by DES, and the levels of GSH are related to DES-induced apoptosis in the testis. 相似文献
124.
Filaretova L Tanaka A Miyazawa T Kato S Takeuchi K 《American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology》2002,283(5):G1082-G1089
We investigated the mechanisms underlying the protective action of glucocorticoids against indomethacin-induced gastric lesions. One-week adrenalectomized rats with or without corticosterone replacement (4 mg/kg sc) were administered indomethacin (25 mg/kg sc), and gastric secretion (acid, pepsin, and mucus), motility, microvascular permeability, and blood glucose levels were examined. Indomethacin caused gastric lesions in sham-operated rats, with an increase in gastric motility and microvascular permeability as well as a decrease in mucus secretion. Adrenalectomy significantly worsened the lesions and potentiated these functional disorders. Glucose levels were lowered by indomethacin in sham-operated rats, and this response was enhanced by adrenalectomy. The changes observed in adrenalectomized rats were prevented by supplementations of corticosterone at a dose mimicking the indomethacin-induced rise in corticosterone, whereas the protective effect of corticosterone was attenuated by RU-38486, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist. We conclude that the gastroprotective action of endogenous glucocorticoids may be provided by their support of glucose homeostasis and inhibitory effects on enhanced gastric motility and microvascular permeability as well as maintaining the production of mucus. 相似文献
125.
Babu E Takeda M Narikawa S Kobayashi Y Enomoto A Tojo A Cha SH Sekine T Sakthisekaran D Endou H 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2002,1590(1-3):64-75
The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ochratoxin A (OTA) transport by multispecific human organic anion transporter 4 (hOAT4) using mouse proximal tubule cells stably transfected with hOAT4 (S(2) hOAT4). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that hOAT4 protein was localized to the apical side of the proximal tubule. S(2) hOAT4 expressed hOAT4 protein in the apical side as well as basolateral side and the cells were cultured on the plastic dish for experiments. S(2) hOAT4 exhibited a time- and concentration-dependent, and a saturable increase in OTA uptake, with an apparent K(m) value of 22.9+/-2.44 microM. The OTA uptakes were inhibited by several substrates for the OATs. Probenecid, piroxicam, octanoate and citrinin inhibited OTA uptake by hOAT4 in a competitive manner (K(i)=44.4-336.4 microM), with the following order of potency: probenecid > piroxicam > octanoate >citrinin. The efflux of OTA by S(2) hOAT4 was higher than that by mock. Addition of OTA resulted in slight decrease in viability of S(2) hOAT4 compared with mock. These results indicate that hOAT4 mediates the high-affinity transport of OTA on the apical side of the proximal tubule, whereas the transport characteristics of OTA are distinct from those by basolateral OATs. 相似文献
126.
Kitabayashi T Demura S Noda M 《Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science》2003,22(6):265-272
This study aimed to determine the factor structure of the center of foot pressure (CFP) movement during static upright posture, and to objectively categorize and summarize parameters to evaluate CFP movement. The subjects were 220 healthy young males and females. The measurement of CFP was carried out 3 times with 1 min rest and the mean of trials 2 and 3 was used for the analysis. The measurement device was an Anima's stabilometer G5500. The data sampling frequency was 20 Hz. Thirty-four parameters with high reliability were selected from the following 6 domains except for the center position which is a fundamental attribute: distance, distribution of amplitude, area, velocity, power spectrum, and body sway vector. Factor analysis (principal factor method and promax rotation) was applied to a correlation matrix consisting of 32 parameters. Four factors abstracted were interpreted as follows; unit time sway, front and back sway, left and right sway and high frequency band of power spectrum. The reliability coefficient (ICC=0.89-0.95) and the congruence coefficient (phi=0.80-0.97) between factors abstracted from the original and the cross-validity groups were very high. It was considered that the CFP movement consists of the above 4 factors that evaluate the amount of body sway and can be synthetically evaluated by them. 相似文献
127.
128.
Shima J Sakata-Tsuda Y Suzuki Y Nakajima R Watanabe H Kawamoto S Takano H 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2003,69(1):715-718
The effect of intracellular charged amino acids on freeze tolerance in dough was determined by constructing homozygous diploid arginase-deficient mutants of commercial baker's yeast. An arginase mutant accumulated higher levels of arginine and/or glutamate and showed increased leavening ability during the frozen-dough baking process, suggesting that disruption of the CAR1 gene enhances freeze tolerance. 相似文献
129.
Barttin, a gene product of BSND, was identified as a fourth gene responsible for Bartter syndrome. The co-expression of barttin with CLC-K chloride channels has been demonstrated to dramatically induce the expression of CLC-K current. However, it remains unknown how barttin interacts with CLC-K channels in mammalian cells and how the mutations of barttin lead to Bartter syndrome. In an attempt to clarify the effect of barttin expression on CLC-K2 cellular localization, we examined the expression of the CLC-K2 chloride channel and barttin, solely and in combination, in transient and stable expression systems in mammalian cells. In addition, we generated several stable cell lines expressing mutant barttins to clarify the consequence of the previously reported barttin mutations in Bartter syndrome. In immunocytochemistry, CLC-K2 was retained in the Golgi in the absence of barttin expression, but delivered to the plasma membrane when barttin was present. Barttin was coprecipitated with CLC-K2, suggesting a protein-protein interaction. Disease-causing mutant barttins, especially R8L, were retained intracellularly, but their binding ability to CLC-K2 was preserved. This led to a retention of CLC-K2 in intracellular organelles with barttin, and a loss of plasma membrane localization. The stability of the CLC-K2 protein was also markedly increased by coexpression with barttin. These results clarified that barttin determined cellular localization of CLC-K2 by protein-protein interaction. Thus, the mislocalization of CLC-K2 was identified as the molecular pathogenesis of Bartter syndrome by mutant barttins. 相似文献
130.
The carotenoids in Halorhodospira abdelmalekii and Halorhodospira halochloris were analyzed by spectroscopic methods. The carotenoid composition of the two species was almost the same. Both species contained substantial amounts of unusual carotenoid glycoside fatty acid esters, which have been found for the first time in phototrophic purple bacteria. Methoxy-hydroxylycopene glucoside was a major component, and dihydroxylycopene diglucoside and dihydroxylycopene diglucoside diester were also found. Lycopene, rhodopin, and 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydrospirilloxanthin were present in very small amounts. Methoxy, glucosyl, and glucosyl ester groups were observed as substituents at the positions of the two original hydroxyl groups of dihydroxylycopene and made up approximately 20, 50, and 20%, respectively, of the total end groups (100%). The fatty acid components of the three carotenoid glucoside esters were the same (C12:0 and C14:1) and were rare in the cellular lipids of the two species. 相似文献