A new method for the analysis of sums of exponential decay curves

A method based on Fourier Transform is presented for the representation of data by an arbitrary sum of exponentials or Gaussian functions. The method has been successfully applied to the type of data sets which arise in pharmacokinetic studies. Two techniques for error ripple elinination are discussed.     

Raman spectroscopy‐based detection of RNA viruses in saliva: A preliminary report

Several non‐invasive Raman spectroscopy‐based assays have been reported for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens. We developed a novel statistical model for the detection of RNA viruses in saliva, based on an unbiased selection of a set of 65 Raman spectral features that mostly attribute to the RNA moieties, with a prediction accuracy of 91.6% (92.5% sensitivity and 88.8% specificity). Furthermore, to minimize variability and automate the downstream analysis of the Raman spectra, we developed a GUI‐based analytical tool “RNA Virus Detector (RVD).” This conceptual framework to detect RNA viruses in saliva could form the basis for field application of Raman Spectroscopy in managing viral outbreaks, such as the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic. ( http://www.actrec.gov.in/pi-webpages/AmitDutt/RVD/RVD.html ).     

Feulgen type staining of mammalian tissues with Dahlia-SO2.

The use of the basic dye, Dahlia, which belongs to triphenylmethane group but without a primary amino group in its molecule has been described as useful in the staining of aldehyde groups of acid hydrolysed DNA in tissue sections following the conventional Feulgen procedure. Dahlia-SO2 prepared with sodium hydrosulphite is highly suitable when used at pH 4-0 to 5-0. The absorption characteristics of the stained nuclei indicate on the peak of maximum absorption at 560 nm, whereas, that of the aqueous dye solution is at 590 nm.     

Relationship among isolates of rhizoctonia solani Kuhn

Aversion was observed between isolates ofRhizoctonia solani on inoculation in a culture plate. This phenomenon helped to study the relationship among fifty different isolates. Thirty three of the isolates showed aversion against some isolates and non-aversion against others. Seventeen of them, however, showed aversion against all the isolates. A digrammatic scheme is presented indicating the factors controlling this relationship.     

The leaf water potential of wheat and barley and its relation to soil salinity and alkalinity

The water potential of wheat and barley leaves considerably decreased with the decrease of the soil moisture percentage, with the increase of the eleotrical conductivity of the soil solution and with the increase in the exchangeable sodium percentage level. Also the leaf insertion level affected the values of water potential and the most negative values were found in the top leaves.     

Ichnology of the Early Cambrian Tal Group,Nigalidhar Syncline,Lesser Himalaya,India

Though trace fossils have been recorded from the Tal Group of the Krol-Tal Belt by earlier workers, most of the records are at generic level only. This paper describes, in detail, 24 ichnospecies from 20 ichnogenera, some of which are being reported for the first time, from the Ganog and Koti Dhaman sections of the Nigalidhar Syncline, H.P. Based on the ichnostratigraphic and ichnofabric analyses these ichnofossils have been categorized into three ichnoassemblages, namely Palaeophycus-Phycodes, Daedalus-Phycodes, and Cruziana Ichnoassemblages. An attempt has also been made for correlation of the Tal sections with other Precambrian-Cambrian sections of the world.     

Unravelling the Selectivity of 6,7-Dimethyl Quinoxaline Analogs for Kinase Inhibition: An Insight towards the Development of Alzheimer's Therapeutics

Untangling the most selective kinase inhibitors via pharmacological intervention remains one of the challenging affairs to date. In accordance to this drift, herein we describe the design and synthesis of a set of new heterocyclic analogs consisting of 6,7-dimethyl Quinoxaline, appended to a connector, employing Schiff base strategy (Compounds I – IX ). The compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and the kinase inhibition assay were performed on few prime members of the CMGC family namely the GSK3β, DYRK1A and CLK1 receptors, respectively, that have been known to be directly involved in hyperphosphorylation of Tau. Interestingly the biological evaluation results revealed that Compounds IV and V , with bromo/chloro functionalities in the aromatic core were advantaged of being highly selective towards the target GSK3β over others. To strengthen our analysis, we adopted molecular modelling studies, where compounds IV/V were redocked in the same grid 4AFJ, as that of the reference ligand, 5-aryl-4-carboxamide-1,3-oxazole. Surprisingly, our investigation underpinned that for both the compounds IV/V , a primary H-bonding existed between the designed molecules ( IV/V ) and Val 135 residue in the receptor GSK3β, in line with the reference ligand. We attribute this interaction to instigate potency in the compounds. Indeed the other non-covalent interaction, between the derivative's aromatic nucleus and Arg 141/Thr 138 in the receptor GSK3β, might have been responsible for enhancing the selectivity in the targets. Overall, we feel that the present work depicts a logical demonstration towards fine tuning the efficacy of the inhibitors through systematic adjustment of electron density at appropriate positions in the aromatic ring be it the main quinoxaline or the other aromatic nucleus. Thus this pathway offers a convenient strategy for the development of efficient therapeutics for diversified neurodegenerative diseases like that of Alzheimer's.