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Young Kwang Chae Danai Khemasuwan Anastasios Dimou Stefan Neagu Lakshmi Chebrolu Shikha Gupta Alejandra Carpio Jongoh Kim Jeong Hyun Yun Athanasios Smyrlis Alan Friedman William Tester 《PloS one》2014,9(1)
Background
Arterial and venous thrombosis may share common pathophysiology involving the activation of platelets and inflammatory mediators. A growing body of evidence suggests prothrombotic effect of renin angiotensin system (RAS) including vascular inflammation and platelet activation. We hypothesized that the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) plays a role in protecting against venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients atherosclerosis.Methods
We conducted a retrospective study, reviewing 1,100 consecutive patients admitted to a teaching hospital with a diagnosis of either myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke from 2005 to 2010. Patients who had been treated with anticoagulation therapy before or after the first visit were excluded. The occurrence of VTE during the follow up period, risk factors for VTE on admission, and the use of ACEIs or ARBs during the follow up period were recorded.Results
The mean age of the entire study population was 68.1 years. 52.0% of the patients were female and 76.5% were African American. 67.3% were on RAS inhibitorsThe overall incidence of VTE was 9.7% (n = 107). Among the RAS inhibitor users, the incidence of VTE events was 9.0% (54/603) for the ACEI only users, 7.1% (8/113) for the ARB only users, and 0% (0/24) for the patients taking combination of ACEI and ARB. Among patients on RAS inhibitors, 8.4% (62/740) developed a VTE, compared with 12.5% (45/360) in the nonuser group [HR (hazard ratio), 0.58; 95% CI (confidence interval), 0.39–0.84; P<0.01]. Even after controlling for factors related to VTE (smoking, history of cancer, and immobilization, hormone use) and diabetes, the use of RAS inhibitors was still associated with a significantly lower risk of developing VTE (AHR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40–0.88; P = 0.01).Conclusions
The use of RAS inhibitors appears to be associated with a reduction in the risk of VTE. 相似文献183.
Induction of apoptosis by Fe(salen)Cl through caspase‐dependent pathway specifically in tumor cells
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184.
Harsimran Kaur Shikha Singh Yogendra S. Rathore Anupam Sharma Kentaro Furukawa Stefan Hohmann Ashish Alok K. Mondal 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2014,289(29):20245-20258
Nik1 orthologs are sensor kinases that function upstream of the high osmolarity
glycerol/p38 MAPK pathway in fungi. They contain a poly-HAMP module at their N
terminus, which plays a pivotal role in osmosensing as well as fungal death upon
exposure to fludioxonil. DhNik1p is a typical member of this class that contains five
HAMP domains and four HAMP-like linkers. We investigated the contribution of each of
the HAMP-like linker regions to the functionality of DhNik1p and found that the
HAMP4b linker was essential as its deletion resulted in the complete loss of
activity. Replacement of this linker with flexible peptide sequences did not restore
DhNik1p activity. Thus, the HAMP-like sequence and possibly structural features of
this linker region are indispensable for the kinase activity of DhNik1p. To gain
insight into the global shape of the poly-HAMP module in DhNik1p (HAMP1–5),
multi-angle laser light and small angle x-ray scattering studies were carried out.
Those data demonstrate that the maltose-binding protein-tagged HAMP1–5 protein
exist as a dimer in solution with an elongated shape of maximum linear dimension
∼365 Å. Placement of a sequence similarity based model of the
HAMP1–5 protein inside experimental data-based models showed how two chains of
HAMP1–5 are entwined on each other and the overall structure retained a
periodicity. Normal mode analysis of the structural model is consistent with the H4b
linker being a key to native-like collective motion in the protein. Overall, our
shape-function studies reveal how different elements in the HAMP1–5 structure
mediate its function. 相似文献
185.
Shikha S. Chauhan Leena Gupta Monika Mittal Preeti Vishwakarma Suman Gupta Prem M.S. Chauhan 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2010,20(21):6191-6194
A series of indolylglyoxylamide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro against amastigote form of Leishmania donovani. Compound 8c has been identified as the most active analog of the series with IC50 value of 5.17 μM and SI value of 31.48, and is several folds more potent than the standard drugs sodium stilbogluconate and pentamidine. 相似文献
186.
R. K. Chahota Divya Shikha Maneet Rana Vikas Sharma Akshay Nag T. R. Sharma J. C. Rana Hideki Hirakawa Sachiko Isobe 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2017,35(5):550-561
Development of genomic resources in any crop is the pre-requisite for the construction of linkage map and implementation of molecular breeding strategies to develop superior cultivars. Large number of molecular markers are required to enrich the scanty information available in horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum).We employed the next-generation Illumina sequencing platform to develop a large number of microsatellite markers in this species. Of the total 23,305 potential SSRs motifs, 5755 primers were designed. Of these, 1425, 1310, 856, 1276, and 888 were of di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide repeats respectively. Thirty polymorphic SSR primers and 24 morphological traits were used in 360 horsegram accessions to detect the genetic diversity and population structure. Thirty primers amplified 170 polymorphic alleles with an average of 5.6 alleles per primer having size 80 to 380 bp. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.15 to 0.76 with an average of 0.50, suggesting that SSR markers used in the study were polymorphic and suitable for characterization of horsegram germplasm. Dendrogram-based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and neighbor-joining tree grouped the horsegram accessions into two major clusters. Similarly, STRUCTURE analysis assigned genotypes into two gene pools namely Himalayan origin and Southern India. Diversity analysis based on 24 agro-morphological traits also suggested the presence of high level of diversity among the accessions. 相似文献
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Sebastian Sauppe Kamal K. Choudhary Nathalie Giroud Damin E. Blasi Elisabeth Norcliffe Shikha Bhattamishra Mahima Gulati Aitor Egurtzegi Ina Bornkessel-Schlesewsky Martin Meyer Balthasar Bickel 《PLoS biology》2021,19(1)
Planning to speak is a challenge for the brain, and the challenge varies between and within languages. Yet, little is known about how neural processes react to these variable challenges beyond the planning of individual words. Here, we examine how fundamental differences in syntax shape the time course of sentence planning. Most languages treat alike (i.e., align with each other) the 2 uses of a word like “gardener” in “the gardener crouched” and in “the gardener planted trees.” A minority keeps these formally distinct by adding special marking in 1 case, and some languages display both aligned and nonaligned expressions. Exploiting such a contrast in Hindi, we used electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking to suggest that this difference is associated with distinct patterns of neural processing and gaze behavior during early planning stages, preceding phonological word form preparation. Planning sentences with aligned expressions induces larger synchronization in the theta frequency band, suggesting higher working memory engagement, and more visual attention to agents than planning nonaligned sentences, suggesting delayed commitment to the relational details of the event. Furthermore, plain, unmarked expressions are associated with larger desynchronization in the alpha band than expressions with special markers, suggesting more engagement in information processing to keep overlapping structures distinct during planning. Our findings contrast with the observation that the form of aligned expressions is simpler, and they suggest that the global preference for alignment is driven not by its neurophysiological effect on sentence planning but by other sources, possibly by aspects of production flexibility and fluency or by sentence comprehension. This challenges current theories on how production and comprehension may affect the evolution and distribution of syntactic variants in the world’s languages.Little is known about the neural processes involved in planning to speak. This study uses eye-tracking and EEG to show that speakers prepare sentence structures in different ways and rely on alpha and theta oscillations differently when planning sentences with and without agent case marking, challenging theories on how production and comprehension affect language evolution. 相似文献