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81.
Obata M Hirohara S Sharyo K Alitomo H Kajiwara K Ogata S Tanihara M Ohtsuki C Yano S 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2007,1770(8):1204-1211
82.
Taku Fujiwara Yutaka Terao Tomonori Hoshino Shigetada Kawabata Takashi Ooshima Shizuo Sobue Shigenobu Kimura Shigeyuki Hamada 《FEMS microbiology letters》1998,161(2):331-336
Three glucosyltransferase (GTase) genes (gtfB, gtfC and gtfD) were cloned and sequenced from clinically isolated strains of Streptococcus mutans MT8148 (serotype c), MT4239 (c), MT4245 (e), MT4467 (e) and MT4251 (f), respectively. Comparison of the gtf genes revealed that interstrain difference of gtfB and gtfD was limited, while gtfC showed significant interstrain variations. Similar to gtfB and gtfD, gtfC possessed five direct repeats composed of homologous unit in the carboxyl-terminal portion. The repeating unit consisted of 63–65 amino acid residues and is responsible for glucan binding. The gtfC gene from S. mutans MT4245 lacked the fourth unit. Multiple alignment with the gtf sequence of strain GS-5 (c) revealed several changes in these gtf genes due to frameshift mutations. The peptides encoded by the gtfB, gtfC and gtfD genes of GS-5 were 1, 80, and 32 amino acid residues shorter than those of the test strains except strain MT4245. 相似文献
83.
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4AIII (eIF4AIII) Is Functionally Distinct from eIF4AI and eIF4AII
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Qiyu Li Hiroaki Imataka Shigenobu Morino George W. Rogers Jr. Nancy J. Richter-Cook William C. Merrick Nahum Sonenberg 《Molecular and cellular biology》1999,19(11):7336-7346
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) is an RNA-dependent ATPase and ATP-dependent RNA helicase that is thought to melt the 5' proximal secondary structure of eukaryotic mRNAs to facilitate attachment of the 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF4A functions in a complex termed eIF4F with two other initiation factors (eIF4E and eIF4G). Two isoforms of eIF4A, eIF4AI and eIF4AII, which are encoded by two different genes, are functionally indistinguishable. A third member of the eIF4A family, eIF4AIII, whose human homolog exhibits 65% amino acid identity to human eIF4AI, has also been cloned from Xenopus and tobacco, but its function in translation has not been characterized. In this study, human eIF4AIII was characterized biochemically. While eIF4AIII, like eIF4AI, exhibits RNA-dependent ATPase activity and ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity, it fails to substitute for eIF4AI in an in vitro-reconstituted 40S ribosome binding assay. Instead, eIF4AIII inhibits translation in a reticulocyte lysate system. In addition, whereas eIF4AI binds independently to the middle and carboxy-terminal fragments of eIF4G, eIF4AIII binds to the middle fragment only. These functional differences between eIF4AI and eIF4AIII suggest that eIF4AIII might play an inhibitory role in translation under physiological conditions. 相似文献
84.
Hiroko Saito Fumiko Matsukawa-Usami Toshihiko Fujimori Toshiya Kimura Takahiro Ide Takaki Yamamoto Tatsuo Shibata Kenta Onoue Satoko Okayama Shigenobu Yonemura Kazuyo Misaki Yurina Soba Yasutaka Kakui Masamitsu Sato Mika Toya Masatoshi Takeichi 《Molecular biology of the cell》2021,32(20)
Motile cilia of multiciliated epithelial cells undergo synchronized beating to produce fluid flow along the luminal surface of various organs. Each motile cilium consists of an axoneme and a basal body (BB), which are linked by a “transition zone” (TZ). The axoneme exhibits a characteristic 9+2 microtubule arrangement important for ciliary motion, but how this microtubule system is generated is not yet fully understood. Here we show that calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein 3 (CAMSAP3), a protein that can stabilize the minus-end of a microtubule, concentrates at multiple sites of the cilium–BB complex, including the upper region of the TZ or the axonemal basal plate (BP) where the central pair of microtubules (CP) initiates. CAMSAP3 dysfunction resulted in loss of the CP and partial distortion of the BP, as well as the failure of multicilia to undergo synchronized beating. These findings suggest that CAMSAP3 plays pivotal roles in the formation or stabilization of the CP by localizing at the basal region of the axoneme and thereby supports the coordinated motion of multicilia in airway epithelial cells. 相似文献
85.
Kulrawee Sidthipong Jun Ma Wei Lin Yu Yan Feng Wang Susumu Kobayashi Satoshi Kishino Naoki Koide Takashi Yokochi Kuniki Kato Shoshiro Okada Kazuo Umezawa 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2017,27(3):562-566
(?)-Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin ((?)-DHMEQ, 1) is a specific inhibitor of NF-κB. It binds to SH group in the specific cysteine residue of NF-κB components with its epoxide moiety to inhibit DNA binding. In the present research, we have designed and synthesized an epoxide-free analog called (S)-β-salicyloylamino-α-exo-methylene-?-butyrolactone (SEMBL, 3). SEMBL inhibited DNA binding of NF-κB component p65 in vitro. It inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation, iNOS expression, and inflammatory cytokine secretions. It also inhibited NF-κB and cellular invasion in ovarian carcinoma ES-2 cells. Moreover, its stability in aqueous solution was greatly enhanced compared with (?)-DHMEQ. Thus, SEMBL has a potential to be a candidate for a new anti-inflammatory and anticancer agent. 相似文献
86.
The empirical Bayes estimators of fine‐scale population structure in high gene flow species
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Shuichi Kitada Reiichiro Nakamichi Hirohisa Kishino 《Molecular ecology resources》2017,17(6):1210-1222
An empirical Bayes (EB) pairwise FST estimator was previously introduced and evaluated for its performance by numerical simulation. In this study, we conducted coalescent simulations and generated genetic population structure mechanistically, and compared the performance of the EBFST with Nei's GST, Nei and Chesser's bias‐corrected GST (GST_NC), Weir and Cockerham's θ (θWC) and θ with finite sample correction (θWC_F). We also introduced EB estimators for Hedrick’ G’ST and Jost’ D. We applied these estimators to publicly available SNP genotypes of Atlantic herring. We also examined the power to detect the environmental factors causing the population structure. Our coalescent simulations revealed that the finite sample correction of θWC is necessary to assess population structure using pairwise FST values. For microsatellite markers, EBFST performed the best among the present estimators regarding both bias and precision under high gene flow scenarios (). For 300 SNPs, EBFST had the highest precision in all cases, but the bias was negative and greater than those for GST_NC and θWC_F in all cases. GST_NC and θWC_F performed very similarly at all levels of FST. As the number of loci increased up to 10 000, the precision of GST_NC and θWC_F became slightly better than for EBFST for cases with , even though the size of the bias remained constant. The EB estimators described the fine‐scale population structure of the herring and revealed that ~56% of the genetic differentiation was caused by sea surface temperature and salinity. The R package finepop for implementing all estimators used here is available on CRAN. 相似文献
87.
Cthrc1 selectively activates the planar cell polarity pathway of Wnt signaling by stabilizing the Wnt-receptor complex 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yamamoto S Nishimura O Misaki K Nishita M Minami Y Yonemura S Tarui H Sasaki H 《Developmental cell》2008,15(1):23-36
Vertebrate Wnt proteins activate several distinct pathways. Intrinsic differences among Wnt ligands and Frizzled (Fzd) receptors, and the availability of pathway-specific coreceptors, LRP5/6, and Ror2, affect pathway selection. Here, we show that a secreted glycoprotein, Cthrc1, is involved in selective activation of the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway by Wnt proteins. Although Cthrc1 null mutant mice appeared normal, the introduction of a heterozygous mutation of a PCP gene, Vangl2, resulted in abnormalities characteristic of PCP mutants. In HEK293T cells, Cthrc1 activated the PCP pathway but suppressed the canonical pathway. Cell-surface-anchored Cthrc1 bound to Wnt proteins, Fzd proteins, and Ror2 and enhanced the interaction of Wnt proteins and Fzd/Ror2 by forming the Cthrc1-Wnt-Fzd/Ror2 complex. Consistent with this, Ror2 mutant mice also showed PCP-related abnormalities in the inner ear. These results suggest that Cthrc1 is a Wnt cofactor protein that selectively activates the Wnt/PCP pathway by stabilizing ligand-receptor interaction. 相似文献
88.
Shigenobu Mitsuzawa Hiromi Kagawa Yifen Li Suzanne L. Chan Chad D. Paavola Jonathan D. Trent 《Journal of biotechnology》2009,143(2):139-144
Cellulose is an attractive feedstock for biofuel production because of its abundance, but the cellulose polymer is extremely stable and its constituent sugars are difficult to access. In nature, extracellular multi-enzyme complexes known as cellulosomes are among the most effective ways to transform cellulose to useable sugars. Cellulosomes consist of a diversity of secreted cellulases and other plant cell-wall degrading enzymes bound to a protein scaffold. These scaffold proteins have cohesin modules that bind conserved dockerin modules on the enzymes. It is thought that the localization of these diverse enzymes on the scaffold allows them to function synergistically. In order to understand and harness this synergy smaller, simplified cellulosomes have been constructed, expressed, and reconstituted using truncated cohesin-containing scaffolds.Here we show that an 18-subunit protein complex called a rosettasome can be genetically engineered to bind dockerin-containing enzymes and function like a cellulosome. Rosettasomes are thermostable, group II chaperonins from the hyperthermo-acidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae, which in the presence of ATP/Mg2+ assemble into 18-subunit, double-ring structures. We fused a cohesin module from Clostridium thermocellum to a circular permutant of a rosettasome subunit, and we demonstrate that the cohesin–rosettasomes: (1) bind dockerin-containing endo- and exo-gluconases, (2) the bound enzymes have increased cellulose-degrading activity compared to their activity free in solution, and (3) this increased activity depends on the number and ratio of the bound glucanases. We call these engineered multi-enzyme structures rosettazymes. 相似文献
89.
90.