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91.
Yasuhiro Nonaka Takashi Ogawa Hiroki Shoji Nozomu Nishi Shigehiro Kamitori Takanori Nakamura 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics》2021,1869(10):140684
The galectin family is a representative soluble lectin group, which is responsible for the modulation of various cell functions. Although the carbohydrate-binding specificity of galectins has been well-studied, the relationship between protein structure and specificity remains to be elucidated. We previously reported the characteristics of a Xenopus laevis skin galectin, xgalectin-Va, which had diverged from galectin-1. The carbohydrate selectivity of xgalectin-Va was different from that of human galectin-1 and xgalectin-Ib (a Xenopus laevis galectin-1 homolog). In this study, we clarified the key residues for this selectivity by site-directed mutagenesis. Substitution of two amino acids of xgalectin-Va, Val56Gly/Lys76Arg, greatly enhanced the binding ability to N-acetyllactosamine and conferred significant T-cell growth inhibition activity, although the wild type had no activity. These two residues, Gly54 and Arg74 in galectin-1, would cooperatively contribute to the N-acetyllactosamine recognition. The loop region between the S4 and S5 β-strands was involved in the binding to the TF-antigen disaccharide. The loop substitution successfully changed the carbohydrate selectivity of xgalectin-Va and xgalectin-Ib. 相似文献
92.
Akira Harazono Tetsu Kobayashi Nana Kawasaki Satsuki Itoh Minoru Tada Noritaka Hashii Akiko Ishii Teruyo Arato Shigehiro Yanagihara Yuki Yagi Akiko Koga Yuriko Tsuda Mikiko Kimura Masashi Sakita Satoshi Kitamura Hideto Yamaguchi Hisashi Mimura Yoshimi Murata Yasuki Hamazume Takayuki Sato Teruhide Yamaguchi 《Biologicals》2011,39(3):171-180
The various monosaccharide composition analysis methods were evaluated as monosaccharide test for glycoprotein-based pharmaceuticals. Neutral and amino sugars were released by hydrolysis with 4–7 N trifluoroacetic acid. The monosaccharides were N-acetylated if necessary, and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorometric or UV detection after derivatization with 2-aminopyridine, ethyl 4-aminobenzoate, 2-aminobenzoic acid or 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, or high pH anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Sialic acids were released by mild acid hydrolysis or sialidase digestion, and analyzed by HPLC with fluorometric detection after derivatization with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, or HPAEC-PAD. These methods were verified for resolution, linearity, repeatability, and accuracy using a monosaccharide standard solution, a mixture of epoetin alfa and beta, and alteplase as models. It was confirmed that those methods were useful for ensuring the consistency of glycosylation. It is considered essential that the analytical conditions including desalting, selection of internal standards, release of monosaccharides, and gradient time course should be determined carefully to eliminate interference of sample matrix.Various HPLC-based monosaccharide analysis methods were evaluated as a carbohydrate test for glycoprotein pharmaceuticals by an inter-laboratory study. 相似文献
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95.
Miyako Takata Shigehiro Ohdo Yasushi Fukuoka Masanori Miyata Masahiro Endo 《Chronobiology international》2013,30(4):777-783
The mammalian Per1 gene is one of the most important components of circadian clock function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral tissues. We examined whether the β2‐adrenoceptor agonists, procaterol and fenoterol, induce human Per1 mRNA expression in human bronchial epithelium. The in vitro stimulation of β2‐adrenoceptor agonists in BEAS‐2B cells led to a remarkable increase in the level of hPer1 mRNA. Moreover, fenoterol or procaterol induced the phosphorylation of CREB in BEAS‐2B cells as verified by immunoblot analysis. β2‐adrenoceptor agonists induced human Per1 mRNA expression by the signaling pathways of cAMP‐CREB in BEAS‐2B cells. 相似文献
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97.
Mohammad A Hossain Shigeru Kitagaki Daisuke Nakano Akira Nishiyama Yasunobu Funamoto Toru Matsunaga Ikuko Tsukamoto Fuminori Yamaguchi Kazuyo Kamitori Youyi Dong Yuko Hirata Koji Murao Yukiyasu Toyoda Masaaki Tokuda 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2011,(1):7
A rare sugar, d-psicose has progressively been evaluated as a unique metabolic regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, and thus represents a promising compound for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study was undertaken to examine the underlying effector organs of d-psicose in lowering blood glucose and abdominal fat by exploiting a T2DM rat model, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Rats were fed 5% d-psicose or 5% d-glucose supplemented in drinking water, and only water in the control for 13 weeks and the protective effects were compared. A non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), fed with water served as a counter control of OLETF. After 13 weeks feeding, d-psicose treatment significantly reduced the increase in body weight and abdominal fat mass. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed the reduced blood glucose and insulin levels suggesting the improvement of insulin resistance in OLETF rats. Oil-red-O staining elucidated that d-psicose significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the liver. Immunohistochemical analysis showed d-psicose induced glucokinase translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm of the liver which enhances glucokinase activity and subsequent synthesis of glycogen in the liver. d-psicose also protected the pathological change of the β-cells of pancreatic islets. These data demonstrate that d-psicose controls blood glucose levels by reducing lipotoxicity in liver and by preserving pancreatic β-cell function. 相似文献
98.
Shigehiro Kamitori Atsushi Ueda Yasuhiro Tahara Hiromi Yoshida Tomohiko Ishii Jun’ichi Uenishi 《Carbohydrate research》2011,(9):1182
The crystal structures of α-d-glucopyranosyl β-d-psicofuranoside and α-d-galactopyranosyl β-d-psicofuranoside were determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, refined to R1 = 0.0307 and 0.0438, respectively. Both disaccharides have a similar molecular structure, in which psicofuranose rings adopt an intermediate form between 4E and 4T3. Unique molecular packing of the disaccharides was found in crystals, with the molecules forming a layered structure stacked along the y-axis. 相似文献
99.
The acetolysis was applied to a novel cleavage of N-p-tolyl-β-d-glycosylamines in glucogalacto- and manno-configurations and their 2-acetamido-2-deoxy sugars. The results were compared with the acetolysis of furanosyl- and pyranosylnucleosides. N-Acetyl-p-toluidine was isolated as crystals in up to 92% yield in the acetolysis of N-P-tolyl-β-d-glycosylamines of neutral sugars and in 1.5~2.0% yields in that of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy sugars. The stability of glycosylamine linkages against the acetolysis was found in the following order: pyranosylnucleosides (the most stable) > N-P-tolyl-β-d-glycosylamine of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy sugars > furanosylnucleosides > N-P-tolyl-β-d-glycosylamines of neutral sugars (the most unstable). 相似文献
100.
We found that the epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/epigallocatechin (EGC) ratio in a green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) extract was affected by the extraction temperature. The EGCG/EGC ratio in the 4 °C extract was around 1:3-4, whereas in the 100 °C extract, it was around 1:0.7. Oral administration of the mixture with a high EGC ratio (1:2-3 = EGCG/EGC) resulted in greater IgA production by murine Peyer’s patch cells. 相似文献